Republicanism in America

to it was the act of General Santa Anna attempting to cede it to the Spanish Government in 1861. A new Constitution was adopted in 1867. By this the President is elected by the people for four years. He must be the son of a Haytien father, and must have attained the age of thirty-six years; must be a land owner in the Republic, and is ineligible for the next four years after the expiration of his office. Suffrage is extended to all male citizens twenty-one years of age, who are "engaged in some industrial calling." The Legislative powers are vested in a Senate of thirty members, who are clected for six years by the House of Representatives, from a list of candidates chosen by an Electoral College. Representatives are elected for three years; must be twenty-five years of age, and land owners in Пayti.

San Domingo, or the Dominican Republic.-This Republic dates only from the year 1844. It comprises the eastern portion of the island of Hayti, in the West Indies. It is divided into five provinces. Its area is 22,000 square miles. The population is estimated at 200,000, mostly negroes and their descendants. There is no distinction of race or color by the Constitution or laws.

APPENDIX.

PRESIDENTS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS UNDER THE ARTICLES OF

CONFEDERATION.

First Congress, September 5th, 1774.-Peyton Randolph, of Virginia, President. Born in 1723, in Virginia; died in Philadelphia, October 22d, 1785.

Second Congress, May 10th, 1775.-Peyton Randolph, President. Resigned May 24th, 1775.

John Hancock, of Massachusetts, was elected his successor. Born at Quincy, Mass., 1737; died October 8th, 1793. He was President of Congress to October, 1777. (In his official capacity he first signed the Declaration of Independence.)

Henry Laurens, of South Carolina, President from November 1st, 1777, to December, 1778. Born at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1724; died December, 1792.

John Jay, of New York, President from December 10th, 1778, to September 27th, 1779. Born in New York, December 12th, 1745; died at New York, May 17th, 1829.

Samuel Huntington, of Connecticut, President from September 28th, 1779, to July 10th, 1781. Born in Connecticut, 1732; died 1796.

Thomas McKean, of Pennsylvania, President from July, 1781, . to November 5th, 1781. Born in Pennsylvania, March 19th, 1734; died June 24th, 1817.

John Hanson, of Maryland, President from November 5th, 1781, to November 4th, 1782.

Elias Boudinot, of New Jersey, President from November 4th, 1782, to February 4th, 1783. Born at Philadelphia, May 2d, 1740; died in 1824.

Thomas Mifflin, of Pennsylvania, 4th, 1783, to November 30th, 1784. 1744; died January 21st, 1800.

Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia, 30th, 1784, to November 23d, 1785. died in 1794.

John Hancock, of Massachusetts, 23d, 1785, to June, 1786.

President from February
Born at Philadelphia, in

President from November
Born in Virginia, in 1732;

President from November

Nathaniel Gorham, of Massachusetts, President from June

6th, 1786, to February 2d, 1787. Born at Charleston, Mass., 1738; died June 11th, 1796.

Arthur St. Clair, of Pennsylvania, President from February 2d, 1787, to January 28th, 1788. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland; died in 1818.

Cyrus Griffin, of Virginia, President from January 28th, 1788, to the close of the last Congress under the Confederation, in 1789. Born in England, in 1748; died in 1810.

PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES UNDER THE CONSTITUTION.

[Elected by the people unanimously.]

1789 to 1793.-George Washington, of Virginia, President, inaugurated April 30th, 1789. Born at Wakefield, Virginia, February 22d, 1732; died at Mount Vernon, December 14th, 1799. Vice-President, John Adams, of Massachusetts. Born at Braintree, Mass., October 19th, 1735; died July 4th, 1826.

Electoral Vote.-George Washington, 69; John Adams, 34; John Jay, 9; R. H. Harrison, 6; John Rutledge, 6; John Hancock, 4; Geo. Clinton, 3; Samuel Huntington, 2; John Milton, 2; James Armstrong, 1; Edward Telfair, 1; Benj. Lincoln, 1-Total, 69. But eleven States voted, Rhode Island and North Carolina, not having then ratified the Federal Constitution, did not vote.

[Elected by the people unanimously.]

1793 to 1797.-George Washington, President, inaugurated March 4th, 1793. Vice-President, John Adams.

Electoral Vote.-George Washington, 132; John Adams, 77; George Clinton, 50; Thomas Jefferson, 4; Aaron Burr, 1-Total, 132. Fifteen States voted.

[Adams elected by the Federalists, Jefferson by the Democrats-then called Republicans.] 1797 to 1801.-John Adams, of Massachusetts, President, inaugurated March 4th, 1797. Vice-President, Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. Born at Shadwell, Virginia, April 13th, 1743; died July 4th, 1826.

Electoral Vote.--John Adams, 71; Thomas Jefferson, 68; Aaron Burr, 30; Samuel Adams, 15; Oliver Ellsworth, 11; Geo. Clinton, 7; John Jay, 5; James Iredell, 3; George Washington, 2; John Henry, 2; S. Johnson, 2; Charles C. Pinckney, 1--Total, 138. Sixteen States voting.

[Elected by the House of Representatives.]

1801 to 1805.-Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, President, inaugurated March 4th, 1801. Vice-President, Aaron Burr, of New York. Born at Newark, New Jersey, February 6th, 1756; died September 14th, 1836.

Electoral Vote.-Thomas Jefferson, 73; Aaron Burr, 73; John Adams, 65; Charles C. Pinckney, 64; John Jay, 1-Total, 138. Sixteen States voting.

Jefferson and Burr having received a tie vote-the highest cast-there was no election. Under the rules, the final election

was carried to the House of Representatives, when, after 36 ballots being had, Mr. Jefferson was chosen President, and Aaron Burr, Vice-President.

After this, the Constitution was amended so that the President and Vice-President were separately voted for, instead of the second highest being Vice-President, as under the former rule.