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landigham.-Protests of the Democratic Party.-Their worthless and ridiculous
character.-New and vigorous measures of war at Washington.-Scarcity of mer
and of food, the two concerns at Richmond.-Meagre results of the Conscription
law. An alarming statement from the Confederate Secretary of War.-Diminution
of subsistence in the Confederacy.-Suffering among the people and army.-His-
tory of the Confederate commissariat.-Report of the meat supplies in the Con-
federacy in January, 1862.-Effect of the campaigns in Kentucky and Tennessee on
the question of subsistence.-Proposition to get meat through the enemy's lines.
-Obstinate objections of President Davis.-His mania about cotton.-The Con-
federate States drained of meat in the second year of the war.-Statement of
Commissary Northrop.-Attempt to get supplies through the blockade.-How
mismanaged.--The Crenshaw contract.-Small yield of impressments.-The whole
Confederate policy of subsistence a failure.—An extraordinary device of Secretary
Seddon.-How it played into the hands of speculators.-Reflection upon the want
of the commercial or business faculty in the Southern mind.-A stock of childish
expedients...... 464
A train of Confederate successes in the beginning of 1864.-The Battle of Ocean Pond.-
Gen. Seymour's expedition into Florida-Its defeat and complete disaster.-
Sherman's expedition in the Southwest.-His first experiment of "the moveable
column."-His designs upon Mobile and the Confederate lines in North Georgia.—
The co-operating column of cavalry.-Gen. Polk evacuates Meridian, and falls
back to Demopolis.-Forrest defeats the Federal cavalry.-Disastrous and dis-
graceful conclusion of Sherman's adventure.-The Red River expedition.-Gen.
Banks' designs upon Texas. - The Confederate commands in the Trans-Mississippi.
-The federal advance up Red River.-The Confederates fall back towards
Shreveport.-Battle of Mansfield.—How the action was brought on.--Rout of the
enemy. Singular scenes on the pursuit.-Battle of Pleasant Hill.-An unfortunate
mistake of orders.-Churchill's corps panic-stricken.-Gen. Walker holds the
field. The enemy continues his retreat to Alexandria.—His march a career of
unparalleled cowardice and crime.-Large spoils of the Confederates.-The ex-
tent of Banks' disaster.-Termination of his vision of empire west of the Missis-
sippi.-Forrest's expedition up the Mississippi.-Capture of Fort Pillow.-Hoke's
operations on the North Carolina coast.-Comparative unimportance of these Con-
federate successes.-The raid of Ulric Dahlgren.-The parts of Custer and Kil-
patrick. Failure and ludicrous cowardice of the several expeditions.-Dahlgren's
atrocious designs.-He retreats, and is chased by Pollard.-Manner of his death.
-Discovery of "the Dahlgren papers."-Sensation in Richmond.-President Davis'
melodrama.-Statement of Edward W. Halbach in relation to the "Dahlgren pa-
pers." The papers first found by the schoolboy Littlepage.-How transmitted to
Richmond. The theory of forgery.-Its utter absurdity.... 490
CHAPTER XXXI.
Opening of the great spring campaign of 1864.-Explanation of renewed confidence in Rich-
mond.-Prospect for the Confederates in the Presidential contest of 1864.-A new
theory of peace.-Value of endurance.-The mission of Messrs. Holcombe, Clay, and
Thompson. They leave Wilmington when the campaign on the Rapidan opens.—
U. S. Grant appointed Lieutenant-General of the Federal armies.-Character of
Grent.--Compared with Buell.-Gen. Grant's low and gross conception of war.—
-
The Federal Government prepares an army organization of one million of men.-
Distribution of the Federal forces in Virginia.-Strength of the Army of the Po
tomac.-Position and numbers of Gen. Lee.-His great anxiety.-Appeal of Con-
federate women.-The battles of the Wilderness.-Grant crosses the Rapidan. —
Lee springs upon his flank.-Attack of Ewell and Hill.-The Confederate line
broken.-Gordon's splendid charge.-Gallant conduct of Pegram's and Hays' di-
visions.-Night attack of the enemy.-The second day's battle.-Hill's corps
broken.-Longstreet comes up and turns the fortunes of the day. He is shot
down by his own men.-Gen. Lee offers to lead a charge.-Touching remons-
trances of the men.-The Confederate attack withdrawn.-Results of the day.-
Gordon's night attack.-Grant's whole army on the verge of rout.-His immense
losses.-Movements of the two armies to Spottsylvania Court-house.-Masterly
performance of Lee.-A melancholy episode to the campaign.-Sheridan's expedi-
tion.-Death of Gen. Stuart.-Battles of Spottsylvania Court-house.-Combat of
Anderson's corps.-The fighting on the 10th May.-The battle on the 12th.-A
salient of the Confederate line taken.-Great slaughter of the enemy.-Grant
confesses a failure, and waits six days for reinforcements.-Operations on the
south side of Richmond.-Grant's instructions to Butler.-Sigel's column in West-
ern Virginia, another part of the combination.-Butler's boastful despatch.-He
dares "The whole of Lee's army."-He is defeated by Beauregard, and his army
"bottled up."-Operations in the Kanawha and Shenandoah Valleys.—Signal de-
feat of Sigel.-Grant's combination broken down. He moves to the North Anna
River. Is foiled again by Lee.-He crosses the Pamunkey River.-"The Pen-
insula " made the battle-ground again.-The sum of glory achieved by Lee's
army.-Statement as to Lee's reinforcements.-The Federal host held at bay by
an army of fifty thousand men.-Gaseous nonsense in New York about Grant's
generalship. His operations in May absurd and contemptible failures....... 507
CHAPTER X X X II.
Position of the armies around Richmond, June 1, 1864.-Manoeuvres for position.-
Battle of Cold Harbour.--Easy repulse of the enemy.-Grant decides to cross the
river, and attempt the south side of Richmond.-Why Gen. Lee did not attempt
to attack him in the movement.-Battles of Petersburg.-Two attacks of the
enemy repulsed.-Butler advances his position, and is driven back.-Grant turns
his attention from the fortifications to the railroads.--Demonstrations on the
Weldon and Danville Roads.-Defeat of Sheridan's expedition on the railroads
north of Richmond.-Operations west of the Blue Ridge.-Hunter's movement.—
He captures Staunton.-He advances upon Lynchburg. He is defeated, and driven
into Western Virginia.-Gen. John Morgan's expedition into Kentucky. Its disas
trous conclusion.-Particulars of the murder of Gen. Morgan in East Tennessee.-
Early's invasion of Maryland.-Daring of Gen. Lee.-What he proposed by send-
ing Early's column into the North.-Grant's preparations against this movement.-
Battle of Monocacy Bridge.-Defeat of "Lew" Wallace's command.-Early ad-
vances upon Washington.-Skirmish in front of Fort Stevens-Early declines to
attack the Federal capital and retreats.-Questions as to the strength of Washing-
ton.-Results of Early's expedition.-Its effect on the armies operating around
Richmond. The mine fiasco at Petersburg.-Three elements in the plan of attack.
-Description of the mine.-The explosion and a "feu d'Enfer."-The assaulting
column pauses in the crater.-Terrible scenes of carnage.-The miserable failure.
-Commentary of the New York "Times."
526
CHAPTER XXXIII.
Sherman's campaign in Georgia the important correspondent of Grant's in Virginia.-
The "On to Richmond," and the "On to Atlanta," the two important movements
of 1864.-Sherman's demand of numbers.-Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's command.-
He proposes an offensive movement.-Is balked by Bragg at Richmond.-Statement
of Johnston's forces on 1st May.-Johnston's policy of retreat.-He proposes to
fight at Cassville; but is overruled by Hood and Hardee.-He crosses the Etowah.
-Engagement at New Hope Church.-Battle of Kenesaw Mountain.-Sherman's
ghastly experiment. He resorts to manoeuvring.-Johnston retires to Atlanta.—
The situation around Atlanta.--Defeat of Sturgis' column in North Mississippi.—
Johnston master of the situation.-Wonderful success of his retreat.--He holds
Sherman suspended for destruction.-Naval fight in Mobile Bay.--A match of 212
guns against 22.--How the gunboats Selma and Morgan fought the enemy.-
Gallant fight of the iron-clad Tennessee.-Surrender of the forts in the harbour.
-Little value of Farragut's conquest.-Excessive laudation of him in the North.
---Sinking of the Confederate privateer Alabama.-Review of the result of the
privateering service of the Confederates.-A glance at British "neutrality."-How
Earl Russell was bullied by the Washington Government.-The story of the Lairds'
rams.--Cruise of the Alabama.-Why she fought the Kearsarge off the French
coast.-Capt. Semmes' motives for a naval duel.-The Alabama sinking.—The
Federal vessel sends no relief.-Mr. Seward's little remark about "pirates."—
Discovery of concealed armour on the Kearsarge.-How the Richmond editors
would have treated Capt. Winslow.-A curious annecdote of Admiral Farra-
gut.-Capture of the privateer Florida.-The exploit of Napoleon Collins in a
neutral port. He attempts to sink and then steals the Confederate vessel.-The
New York Herald and "The pages of History."-Invasion of Missouri by Gen.
Price. How and why it failed.-The Trans-Mississippi sunk out of sight in the
War..... 539
CHAPTER XXXIV.
The Presidential canvass of 1864 in the North.-Its relations to the military campaign.
-Review of parties in the North.-A general distinction founded on two
questions.-Composition of the party opposing Mr. Lincoln's administration.-The
doctrines of the Black Republican party impossible to be defined.-How the Party
changed and shifted through the war.-Opinions of Mr. Webster and Mr. Clay.-
Modern verification of Mr. Clay's charge of "amalgamation."-Policy of the Black
Republican party at the beginning of the war.-Mr. Lincoln's instincts of unwor-
thiness. How the Peace party in the North made the first false step.-Growth
of the power of Lincoln's administration.-Its measures of terrour.-Moderation
of the Confederacy towards "Union men" and dissentients.-Some account of
arrests in the North.-Lincoln's detective system.-Comparative impossibility of
maintaining an Opposition party in the North.--Infamous conduct of "War
Democrats."-The Conservative phalanx in the Congress at Washington.-A
record of its votes.-Reassurance of the Conservative party in 1864.--The party
issues of 1864, with reference to "reconstruction."-Convention of the Govern-
ment party at Baltimore.-Its "platform."-Pretermission of the condition of
State abolition of slavery.-How this condition was afterwards inserted.—Mr.
Lincoln's rescript, "To whom it may concern."-History of the Niagara Falls com-
mission. How Mr. Lincoln's passport was made a political card.-Democratic
CONTENTS.
Convention at Chicago. Its declaration of principles. M'Clellan's letter of
acceptance.-Slavery no longer an issue in the war.-The constitutional point at
issue between M'Clellan and Lincoln.-The Radical wing of the Republican party.
-The Cleveland convention.-The issues of the canvass as between the Democratic
party, the Government party, and the Radical party.-How the two last
instead of the two first coalesced.-"Reconstruction" ante-dated.-A faint
hint of negro suffrage.-The written issues of the canvass but little considered.
-The contest mainly on the fourth resolution of the Chicago "platform."-
Eloquence of the M'Clellan campaign papers.-The election of M'Clellan impossible
in view of the Federal victories of 1864.-Triumph of Mr. Lincoln and his party.-
Analysis of the popular vote in his election.—A large element of encouragement
in it. The victory of the Constitution postponed......
CHAPTER XXXV.
556
An intrigue in Richmond against Gen. Johnston.-Evidence of it.-Gen. Bragg's visit to
Atlanta.-Removal of Gen. Johnston from command.-The battles of Atlanta.-
Engagements of the 20th, 22d, and 28th July.-Sherman's designs on the Macon
Road.-Unsuccessful raids of Stoneman and M'Cook.-Hood's great mistake.-He
sends off his cavalry towards Chattanooga.-Sherman moves on the Macon Road.
-Defeat of Hardee at Jonesboro'.—Hood evacuates Atlanta, and retreats to Love-
joy's Station. Sherman's occupation of Atlanta.-His order for its depopulation.—
Atrocious character of this measure.-The fall of Atlanta a serious disaster for
the Confederates.-Visit of President Davis to the military lines in Georgia.-His
speech at Macon.-He betrays to the enemy the new military design.-Hood's new
movement to Tennessee.-Sherman follows to Gaylesville.-He turns back and
determines to traverse the State of Georgia to the sea.-His correspondence with
Grant.-How the enterprise was a plain one.-No peril or genius in it.-Errors of
the Hood-Davis strategy.-Hood's Tennessee campaign.-He loses the great
opportunity of the campaign at Spring Hill.-Schofield effects a retreat to
Franklin.-Battle of Franklin.-Heroic conduct of the Confederate troops.-
Remarkable loss among their general officers.-Battle of Nashville.-Gen.
Grant's fears that Hood would invade Kentucky.-Probable effect of such a
movement.-The enemy's plan of battle.-The second day's fight.-Hood's
assurance of victory.-A Confederate brigade gives way before a skirmish line
of the enemy.-A disgraceful panic and rout.-Hood escapes across the Tennes-
see River. His losses.--The whole scheme of Confederate defence terminated
West of the Alleghanies. .... 576
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Campaign of 1864 in the Valley of Virginia.-Its general design as a strategic auxiliary
to Richmond. The new command of the enemy in the Valley.-Gen. Sheridan and
his forces.-Views of Gen. Lee about the relief of Richmond.-He detaches a
force under Gen. Anderson to co-operate with Early, and "stir up" the enemy
across the Potomac.-Anderson and Fitzhugh Lee find Early falling back and asking
for reinforcements.-The enemy declines a battle and retreats to Harper's Ferry.—
Strength and disposition of the Confederate forces about Winchester.-Nearly a
month consumed in marching and counter-marching.-Gen. Lee orders the return of
Gen. Anderson with Kershaw's division.—Battle of Winchester.-Gen. Grant advises
Sheridan to "go in."-Early's small force.-How it came to be scattered over
twenty-two miles.-Ramseur's division sustains the attack until the other Confed-
erate forces come up.-Gordon drives the enemy.-Happy stroke of a Confederate
battery. The enemy's infantry routed.-His cavalry get on the Confederate left
and rear and change the day.-Retreat of the Confederates.-Battle of Fisher's Hill.
-How Gen. Early's position was defective here.-He is flanked on the left, and
retreats up the Valley.-The enemy pursues to Staunton.-Sheridan's barbarous
order to devastate the Valley.-He burns "two thousand barns."-Reflections
upon this outrage.-Battle of Cedar Creek.-Early, reinforced, resumes the cam-
paign, and determines to make a surprise.—A flanking column of Confederates
crosses the North Fork of the Shenandoah.-Two corps of the enemy broken and
put to rout. The enemy pursued through Middletown.-How the vigour of pursuit
was lost. The foolish newspaper story about Gen. Sheridan's sudden appearance on
the field. The Confederates demoralized by pillage.-The enemy makes a counter-
charge, and sweeps everything before him.-Gen. Early's attempt to put the
censure of the disaster upon his men.-How far he was responsible for it.-True
explanation of the pause in his victory.-Removal of Gen. Early from command.-
Gen. Lee's generous letter to him.-How the newspapers berated him.-The charge
of habitual intoxication.-Review of the Valley campaign.-Its effects decisive upon
Richmond.-Remark of a Confederate general.-Some views of the management and
disposition of the Confederate cavalry forces in Virginia..... 589
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Gen. Grant's opinion of manœuvring.-Lee his master in every branch of generalship.-
The Federals get possession of the Weldon railroad.-Action at Ream's Station.-
Operations North of James River.-Surprise and capture of Fort Harrison.-At-
tempt of the Confederates to retake it disconcerted and defeated.-Grant plans
a general advance in October.-Three corps of the enemy in motion.-Attempt
to turn the Confederate position on Hatcher's Run, and seize the Southside Rail-
road.-Defeat of the enemy and frustration of his plans.-Public attention drawn
to Georgia.-Sherman's march to the sea.-He returns from Gaylesville to Atlanta.
-The work of destruction commenced at Rome.-Burning of Atlanta.-More than
four thousand houses consumed.-Outline of Sherman's march from Atlanta.-The
country it traverses full of supplies.-Pillage of Madison.-Concentration of the
onemy's forces at Milledgeville.-An affair of militia at Griswoldsville.-Kil-
patrick's demonstration on Augusta.-Statement of Confederate forces there.-
Sherman's march to Millen.-He meets with no resistance.-His devastation of the
country.-Prowess of his troops in pillage and villainy.-Nothing but militia and
hasty levies to oppose him.-Sherman's approach to Savannah.-Fort M'Allister
taken by assault.-Gallantry of the Confederate garrison.-Gen. Hardee evacuates
Savannah.-Extent of Sherman's captures.-How much of his achievements was
"simple waste and destruction."-Review of "the great march."-Absurd his-
torical comparisons in the North.-Character of Gen. Sherman.-His charlatanism.
-His proper place in history..... ... 606
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
The exchange of prisoners, and their treatment in captivity.--Exceeding interest of
the subject. Slight account of prisoners in the early periods of the war.-Mr.
Boyce's proposition.-The Wool-Cobb negotiation.-The Fort Donelson captures.
-Bad faith of the Federal Government.-The cartel of 1862.-Character of Com-
missioner Ould.-His humane and zealous services.-Shameful violation o
the cartel by the Federal authorities.-Solemn protest of Commissioner Ould.-