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"Popular Sovereignty."—"A short cut to all the ends of Black Republicanism."

-Douglas as a demagogue.—The true issues in the Kansas controversy.-Import-

ant passages in the Congressional debate.—Settlement of the Kansas question.—

Douglas' foundation of a new party. His demagogueical appeals.-The true situa-

tion.-Loss of the sectional equilibrium.-Serious temper of the South.-"The

John Brown raid."-Identity of John Brown's provisional constitution and or-

dinances with the subsequent policy of the Republican Party.-Curious fore-

shadow of Southern subjugation.-The descent on Harper's Ferry.-Capture and

execution of Brown. His declaration.-Northern sympathy with him.-Alarming

tendency of the Republican Party to the Ultra-Abolition school.-"The Helper

Book."-Sentiments of Sixty-eight Northern congressmen.-The conceit and in-

solence of the North.-Affectation of Republicans that the Union was a concession

to the South.-Hypocrisy of this party.-Indications of the coming catastrophe of

disunion. The presidential canvass of 1860.-Declarations of the Democratic

Party. The Charleston Convention.-Secession of the Southern delegates.-The

different presidential tickets.-Election of Abraham Lincoln.-Analysis of the

vote.-How his election was a "sectional" triumph.-Ominous importance of it

in that view.-Arguments for sustaining Lincoln's election.-Seward's argument

in the Senate.-Lincoln's election a geographical one.-How there was no longer

protection for the South in the Union.-The Anti-slavery power compact and in-

vincible.-Another apology for Lincoln's election.-Fallacy of regarding it as a

transfer of the Administration in equal circumstances from the South to the North.

-How the South had used its lease of political power.-Senator Hammond's tri-

bute.-Power in the hands of the North equivalent to sectional despotism.-The

North "acting in mass."-The logical necessity of disunion.....

Preparations of South Carolina to withdraw from the Union.-Passage of her Ordinance

of Secession.-The Federal force in Charleston Harbour evacuates Fort Moultrie,

and occupies Sumter.-Description of Fort Sumter.-How the Secession of South

Carolina was entertained in the North.-The levity and inconsistency of the North

with respect to this event.-Doctrine of Secession, and Northern precedents.—

Record of Massachusetts.-Mr. Quincy's declaration in Congress.-A double justifi-

cation of the withdrawal of the Southern States from the Union.-The right of Self-

government. Opinion of Mr. Lincoln.-Opinion of the New York "Tribune."-

Opinion of Mr. Seward.-The Secession question in the Cotton States.-Hesitation

of Georgia.-Project of Alexander H. Stephens.-Secession of all the Cotton States.

-Seizure of Federal forts and arsenals.-Fort Pickens.-Senator Yulee's letter.-

The scenes of Secession transferred to Washington.-Resignation of Southern Sena-

tors.-Jefferson Davis' farewell speech to the Federal Senate.-Senator Clay's bill

of indictment against the Republican party.-The Convention at Montgomery.—

Constitution of the Confederate States.-Jefferson Davis chosen President.—His per-

sonal history. His character.-Why the public opinion about him was so divided

and contradictory.-Measures looking to pacification.-Three avenues through

which it was expected.-Early prospects of pacification in Congress.-The Republi-

can "ultimatum."-"The Crittenden compromise."-Measures of compromise and

peace in Congress exclusively proposed by the South, and deliberately defeated by

the North.-The Peace Conference. Its failure.-Disposition of the, Border Slave

States. How mistaken by the North.-The Virginia Convention.-How the Secession

party gained in it.-The record of Virginia on the subject of State Rights.-Presi-

dent Buchanan on the Secession question.-His weak character and undecided

Character of Abraham Lincoln in history.-Absurd panegyric.-The personal and

political life of the new President.-His journey to Washington.-His speech at

Philadelphia. The flight from Harrisburg.-Alarm in Washington.-Military dis-

play in the capital.-Ceremony of inauguration.-Criticism of Lincoln's address.—

What the Republican party thought of it.-Serious pause at Washington.-State-

ment of Horace Greeley.-How the Inaugural Address was received in the Seceded

States.-Visit of Confederate Commissioners to Washington.-Seward's pledge to

Judge Campbell.-The Commissioners deceived.-Military and Naval expeditions

from New York.-Consultation of the Cabinet on the Sumter question.-Capt.

Fox's visit to Charleston.-His project.-Objections of Gen. Scott.—Singular article

in a New York journal.-Lincoln's hesitation.-His final device.-Seward's game

with the Commissioners.-The reduction of Fort Sumter.-Description of the Con-

federate works for the reduction of Sumter. -Beauregard demands the surrender

of the Fort.-The bombardment.-The fort on fire.-The Federal fleet takes no

part in the fight.-The surrender.-Great excitement in the North.-Its true

meaning. The crusade against the South.-Dr. Tyng's exhortation.-Conduct of

Northern Democrats.-Dickinson, Everett, and Cochrane.-President Lincoln's

Proclamation. His pacific protests to the Virginia Commissioners.-Secession of

Virginia. Discontent in the Western counties.-Second secessionary movement of

the Southern States.-Violent acts of the Washington Administration.-Prepara-

tions of the Confederate Government for War.-Rush of volunteers to arms.-Pre-

sident Davis' estimate of the military necessity.-Removal of the seat of govern-

ment to Richmond.-Activity of Virginia.-Robert E. Lee.-His attachment to the

Union. Why he joined the Confederate cause.-His speech in the State House at

Richmond. His organization of the military force of Virginia.-Military council

in Richmond.—The early reputation of Lee.....
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Mr. Lincoln's remark about the wolf.-His designs upon Virginia.-Federal occupation

of Alexandria.-Tragedy at the Marshall House.-Jackson, the martyr.-The affair

of Great Bethel.-Easy victory of the Confederates.-Exaggerations of Southern

newspapers.-Apparent lull of hostilities.-New demonstrations of public opinion

in the North.-Financial difficulties at Washington.-Popular clamour against

President Lincoln and Gen. Scott.-Early indications of the real objects of the war.

-The rights of humanity.-Virginia the great theatre of the war.-The Grand

Army of the North.-Consultation of President Davis and Beauregard and Lee.—

Beauregard's line of defence in Northern Virginia.-Sketch of General Beauregard.

-His person and manners.-His opinion of the Yankee.-The Army of the Potomac

and the Army of the Shenandoah.-Gen. Johnson's evacuation of Harper's Ferry.-

"Stonewall" Jackson's first affair with the enemy.-Johnston amusing the

enemy.-Affair of Rich Mountain.-McClellan's march into Northwestern Virginia.

-Rosecrans' capture of the Confederate force on Rich Mountain.-Retreat of the

Confederates from Laurel Hill.-Death of Gen. Garnett.-Extent of the disaster to

the Confederates.-The "Grand Army" advancing on Manassas.-Johnston's move-

ment to Beauregard's line.-The Battle of Manassas.-The affair of 18th July.--

Longstreet's gallant defence.-Theatre of the great battle.-Beauregard's change

of purpose, and his plan of battle.-The Stone Bridge.-The "Big Forest.”—The

Confederates flanked. The day apparently lost for them. The scene at the

Henry House.-Timely arrival of Jackson.-Gen. Beauregard disconcerted.—Ride

from the Hill to the Henry House.-The battle restored.-The bloody plateau.—

Three stages in the battle. The last effort of the enemy. The strange flag.-

Arrival of Kirby Smith.-The grand and final Charge.-Rout and panic of the

enemy. The fearful race to the Potomac.-Scenes of the retreat.-Failure of the

Confederates to pursue, or to advance upon Washington.-A lost opportunity...134

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General character of the military events of the year 1862.-The Confederate situation

in Kentucky.-Gen. A. S. Johnston's command and position.-Battle of Fishing

Creek.-The Confederate right in Kentucky.-Gen. Crittenden's command in ex-

treme straits. Difficulty in subsisting it.-The decision to give battle to the

enemy.-Zollicoffer's brigade.-The contested hill.-Death of Zollicoffer.-Defeat

of the Confederates.-Crittenden crosses the Cumberland.-His losses.-Import-

ance of the disaster.-Designs of the enemy in Western Kentucky.-Popular de-

lusion as to Johnston's strength.-Hopelessness of his defence.-Official apathy in

Richmond.-Beauregard's conference with Johnston.--The Tennessee and Cumber-

land rivers.-The avenue to Nashville.-Grant's ascent of the Tennessee.-Cap-

ture of Fort Henry.-Noble and gallant conduct of Gen. Tilghman.-Battle of Fort

Donelson.-Johnston's reasons for making a battle there.--Commands of Buckner,

Pillow, and Floyd.-Site and strength of the fort.-Battle of the trenches.-En-

gagement of the gunboats.-Two days' success of the Confederates.-Suffering of

the troops from cold.-Exposure of the wounded.-Federal reinforcements.-The

Confederate council of war.-Plan of attack, to extricate the garrison.-A fierce

and terrible conflict.-The Federals forced back towards the Wynn's Ferry Road.

-The opportunity of exit lost.-Gen. Buckner's explanation.-A commentary

on military hesitation.-How the day was lost.-Nine hours of combat-Scenes

on the battle-field.-Council of Confederate generals.-Gen. Pillow's proposition.—

Literal report of the conversation of Gens. Floyd, Pillow, and Buckner.-A sur-

render determined.-Escape of Floyd and Pillow.-Buckner's letter to Grant.-

Johnston's movement to Nashville.-Excitement there.-Retreat of Johnston's

command to Murfreesboro'.-Panic in Nashville.-Capture of Roanoke Island by the

enemy.-Burnside's expedition.-Gen. Wise's estimate of the importance of Roan-

oke Island. His correspondence and interviews with Secretary Benjamin.-De-

fences of the Island.-Naval engagement.-Commodore Lynch's squadron.-Land-

ing of the enemy on the Island.-Defective reconnoissance of the Confederates.-

Their works flanked.-The surrender.-Pursuit of the Confederate gunboats.-

Extent of the disaster.-Censure of the Richmond authorities.-Benjamin accused

by the Confederate Congress.....
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