Howard Wilson. Sir William Macdonald was asked by the Committee not to subscribe and Lord Strathcona cabled, too late for action upon his suggestion, a contribution of $100,000 if the Fund was raised to $2,000,000. Laval University also had a successful year with 1,031 students in attendance Faculty of Theology 246, Law 136, Medicine 195, Polytechnic 151, Veterinary 34, Dentistry 96, Pharmacy 82, and Agriculture 91. The first examination of the new Montreal Technical School was held in December with 101 students in attendance; on Dec. 22nd C. S. Fosbery, M.A., Principal of Lower Canada College, was able to announce that the entire Building debt of that new institution was wiped out with 175 pupils in attendance. An educational incident at the close of the year was the announcement that the Catholic Committee of Public Instruction had declared in favour of free Textbooks in the schools.

Of moral or sociological developments during the year it might be stated that Temperance discussions continued and that some practical work was done. It was estimated on Mch. 13 by J. H. Roberts, Secretary of the Quebec Branch of the Dominion Älliance (Prohibition) that 661, or 69 per cent., of the municipal communities of the Province were without Liquor licenses and 295, or 31 per cent., with licenses. Ald. S. J. Carter, the President, said that on May 1 there would be a general early-closing movement throughout the Province except in Montreal and Quebec City. The bars would close at 7 p.m. on Saturdays and at 10 p.m. the remainder of the week. They had secured something for Montreal, however, in legislation providing that saloons should not open in the morning until 7 o'clock and must close at 11 o'clock each night. It was also stated that Montreal had 96 hotels, 544 licensed grocers, 375 licensed cafés-altogether 1,212 wholesale and retail liquor dealers. Archbishop Bruchési on Nov. 26th made one of his periodical appeals for Temperance at a public meeting: "We will continue to fight the evils and afflictions that follow in the wake of intemperance from the pulpit and the platform and in the schools but the most effective weapon against the dread scourge is the law." Some other incidents may be briefly summarized:

Jan. 3. Mrs. J. H. Roberts, addressing the Montreal W. C. T. U., urges certain specific reforms in the interest of women: A female Recorder for Montreal; a Rogues' Gallery and published portraits of men found in disorderly house-raids; equal salaries for men and women and better living for domestic servants; a working girls' Hotel and children's education in sexual matters through parents or guardians.

Jan. 16.-Archbishop Bruchési protests to the management of a Montreal Theatre against Sara Bernhardt being allowed to play Sappho" or "La Sorciére." Public attention is drawn to the fact that action taken by Archbishop Begin in Quebec concerning a part of the Montreal Grand Opera Company's programme seriously injured the season for them.

Mar. 9. At the annual meeting of the St. Jean Baptiste Society, Montreal, a Resolution is adopted supporting the organizations that have aided in encouraging the use of the French tongue and disapproving the action of those Bishops who condemned the Bi-lingual system in Ontario.

Mar. 28.-In a branch of the "Emancipation Lodge" case in which A. J. Lemieux was charged with highway robbery for stealing the cash and documents-as to which the Defence claimed that the money was returned and that the act performed was in the interests of religion-Mr. Justice Lavergne says to the Jury: "What religion is meant? Is it yours? Was the institution to which you belong instituted and preached at the point of a pistol, or was it promulgated by men standing at the edge of a forest ready to take you by the throat?" He urges that religion was not an issue and should have no weight. The man was acquitted.

Apr. 9.-Bishop Archambault, in the Cathedral at Joliette, gives formal notification that he will publicly excommunicate all who are known to belong to any secret organization condemned by the Church.

Apl. 24.-As a result of sporadic outbreaks of smallpox the Provincial Board of Health promulgates a decree instructing each of the 1,500 municipalities of Quebec Province to enforce general vaccination. June 15.-The new Sanitarium building at Ste. Agathe des Monts, built by the Laurentian Society, for the Treatment and Control of Tuberculosis and costing $150,000, is opened by D. Lorne McGibbon who was chiefly responsible for the financial contributions.

June 23.-It is announced that the Provincial Board of Health will prosecute the Sisters of Ste. Anne of the Jerome Convent where, after a discovery of smallpox in the institution, the Nuns were alleged to have let 73 pupils go away. A similar incident occurs in December at Barford, near Coaticook.

June 28.-The Judicial Committee of the Imperial Privy Council gives judgment in the suit which threatened to disqualify and penalize the members of the notorious Finance Committee of the preceding municipal régime in Montreal. The suit was dismissed with costs.

VII.-AFFAIRS AND INTERESTS OF THE MARI

Resources and Development of Nova

Scotia in 1911

TIME PROVINCES.

The

The year was a fairly good one in Nova Scotiaparticularly in an agricultural sense. The summer was warmer and less showery than usual. crops of hay and grain were 10 per cent. under the average, but there was a heavy yield of roots and potatoes which, owing to the scarcity of these products in Ontario. and parts of the United States, brought large returns to the farmers. Although the dry weather caused a shortage in the production of butter and cheese the Secretary for Agriculture reported that more Live-stock were being kept on the farms. The dairy industry was on a pretty firm foundation with three new creameries being erected in different parts of the Province. It was greatly aided by the Provincial Agricultural College one of the best equipped institutions of its kind in the world. The chief field crops, according to Federal figures, were as follows:

Since Confederation in 1867 the Nova Scotia fisheries had realized about $190,000,000 and in later years they averaged 8 millions per annum; in the year ending Mch. 31, 1911, the value was $10,119,243. During the ensuing season the catch of the shore fisheries was estimated at 25 per cent. below the previous year and that of the bank fisheries at 10 per cent. less; but prices were much higher than usual and owners of fishing vessels were said to have made from 30 to 60 per cent. of their investment. In Mining there was continued progress and the Report of the Department of Mines showed an increased product in all but one item. Coal had a product of 6,208,444 gross tons or an increase of 800,000 tons; iron-ore a production of 53,595 net tons (and an

import in 1910-11 of 853,904 tons); pig-iron a production of 397,615 tons and steel ingots 438,922; limestone (quarried) 525,286 tons and gypsum 297,641 tons; coke (made) 545,619 tons and bricks (made) 23,273,700 in number; building stone (quarried) 11,226 tons and drain pipe and tile (made) 1,431,761 feet; goldbearing ore mined 18,320 tons and gold produced 8,389 ounces. With a few smaller quantities the total value (Federal figures) was $15,354,928-an unofficial estimate of values, which included steel manufactures, etc., was $38,887,000.

During the year much prospecting was done for the tungstenbearing ore and scheelite was reported by E. R. Faribault while a Company got under way on the Moose River and nearly completed a concentrating mill by the end of December. The Iron production was still small though a United States Conservation Report stated the available ore in the Province at 4,000,000 tons. The value of coal production was steadily increased from $1,568,000 in 1872, to $3,919,000 in 1896, and $12,919,000 in 1910. The shipments by Companies in 1911 were as follows: Dominion Coal Co. 3,619,009 tons, Nova Scotia Steel & Coal Co. 744,102 tons, Acadia Coal Co. 379,487 tons, the Intercolonial Coal Co. 238,238 tons, and others made a total of 584,462 tons. In other directions there was progress. The British-Canadian Shipbuilding and Dock Co. was organized with a capital of $10,000,000 and Sir Henry M. Pellatt, Chairman, for operations at Sydney; plans for the extension of the Halifax dry-dock were under way; the output of the Dominion Steel and Coal Companies was large and satisfactory and that of the Nova Scotia Car Works at Halifax increased to 12 cars a day; the product of the Canada Car and Foundry Co. at Amherst was valued at $2,452,000 with orders in hand at the close of the year for a similar amount; the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Co. had an output in steel and pigiron 20 per cent. greater than ever before; the timber cut was estimated at 400,000,000 superficial feet and 200,000,000 feet were exported; the Bank clearings at Halifax for the 12 months ending Oct. 31 totalled $85,175,000 and general business was reported good.

According to A. F. Macdonald,* of the Halifax Chronicle, the Nova Scotia Companies which increased their dividends during the year were Nova Scotia Telephone 6 to 7; Acadia Fire, stock dividend, 25 per cent.; Halifax Tramway Co., 7 to 8; Bank of Nova Scotia, 13 to 14; Stanfields, 0 to 4; Acadia Loan, 5 to 6; McAlpine Publishing Co., 0 to 6. 115 new companies were incorporated during 1911 with a total authorized capital of about $34,000,000. The actual production or estimated wealth of Nova Scotia, as carefully compiled on January 1st of each year by the Halifax Chronicle were as follows in 1910 and 1911:

NOTE.-Toronto Globe, Jan. 1, 1912.

It may be added that the total area of Nova Scotia forests was estimated at 4,000,000 acres; that the Imports into or through the Province in 1911 (Mch. 31) were $16,748,580 and the Exports therefrom $20,001,324; that the Bank branches in Nova Scotia numbered 111 in this year and the Clearing-house returns were $88,194,038 while the new buildings were valued at $1,004,438; that the Lumber cut of 1910 was valued at $3,344,075 while the Railway mileage (Mch. 31) was 1,353; that, industrially, the men employed in the various steel works totalled about 6,000 and in all industrial concerns about 36,000 with an estimated pay-roll of $8,000,000 and an output of $62,000,000. The great requirements of the Province were more population and agricultural production; an important prospect of the future was in tourist trade and fruit production; a serious need of the Fisheries was a limited use of steam trawlers, better storage facilities, and quicker transportation.

Political Con

ditions, Legislative Discus

sions, and Educational Affairs

There were some changes in the Nova Scotia Government during 1911. On June 28 Messrs. George E. Faulkner of Halifax, Robert Malcolm MacGregor of New Glasgow and Joseph W. Comeau of Comeauville, were appointed Ministers without Portfolio. The Hon. C. P. Chisholm, Commissioner of Public Works since 1907 retired after his defeat at the Elections and was succeeded on July 7 by Ernest Howard Armstrong, K.C., member for Yarmouth since 1906. Of this appointment the Halifax Chronicle (July 19) said: "Mr. Armstrong is a man who will accept public office as a public trust. He takes his public duties seriously and believes in performing them with an eye single to the public good. As a debater he is one of the most forceful speakers in the House of Assembly." Mr. A. K. Maclean, K.C., Attorney-General, retired to contest a seat in Halifax during the Federal Elections and was succeeded on Oct. 10th by the Hon. Orlando T. Daniels, Minister without Portfolio since 1907.

It was understood at the beginning of the year that Mr. George H. Murray, Premier since 1896, desired to retire on account of ill health but that he was persuaded to re-consider the matter. On Feb. 21st he was banqueted by the Liberals of the Province in honour of his recovery. In the Conservative party Mr. Charles E. Tanner, K.C., was formally elected Leader on Nov. 2nd after the local Elections. Incidentally a number of King's