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"He that hath begun a good work in you, will perform it unto the day of Jesus Christ."

WHEREFORE shrink, and say, ""Tis vain;
In their hour hell-powers must reign;
Vainly, vainly would we force

Fatal error's torrent course;
Earth is mighty, we are frail,
Faith is gone, and Hope must fail."

Yet along the Church's sky
Stars are scattered, pure and high;
Yet her wasted gardens bear
Autumn violets, sweet and rare-
Relics of a spring-time clear,
Earnests of a bright new year.
Israel yet hath thousands seal'd,
Who to Baal never kneel'd;

Seize the banner, spread its fold! Seize it with no faltering hold! Spread its foldings high and fair, Let all see the Cross is there!

What, if to the trumpet's sound Voices few come answering round? Scarce a votary swells the burst, When the anthem peals at first? GOD hath sown, and He will reap; Growth is slow when roots are deep.

He will aid the work begun,

For the love of His dear SoN;
He will breathe in their true breath,
Who serene in prayer and faith,
Would our dying embers fan
Bright as when their glow began.

LYRA APOSTOLICA.

Compiled for the Evergreen.

GLEANINGS BY THE WAY-SIDE.

like her Lord is called "the light of the world." Still, however, it becometh her most humbly and continually to feel, and glory in, her absolute dependance;

THE DUTY OF THE CHURCH TO ARISE AND LET HER and, like the forerunner of her Lord, to be ever ac

LIGHT SHINE.

knowledging that she is not the light, but the mere "witness of the light," that all men through her minBISHOP M'ILVAINE.

CONNECTION OF THE CHURCH SERVICES WITH THE VARI-
OUS EVENTS OF OUR LIVES.

Oн, that we knew our own strength as a Church! Oh, that instead of keeping on the defensive, and {istry might believe. thinking it much not to lose our remnant of Christian light and holiness, which is getting less and less, the less we use it: instead of being timid, and cowardly, and suspicious, and jealous, and panic-struck, and The Church takes to herself almost every common grudging, and unbelieving, we had a heart to rise, as action of our lives, and makes it her own by giving it a a Church, in the attitude of the Spouse of Christ, and religious turn, a Church meaning. She keeps with us the dispenser of His grace; to throw ourselves into in every stage of our lives. She comes among us in that system of truth which our fathers have handed down, even through the worst of times, and to use itness, and death. She calls upon us to consecrate our our baptism, education, confirmation, marriage, sicklike a great and understanding people! Oh, that we worldly goods, by yielding a portion up to her. She had the courage and the generous faith to aim at per- bids us make our time minister to eternity, by calling fection, to demand the attention, to claim the submission of the world! Thousands of hungry souls, in all Saints-days. She would make us put a limit even upon us away from a worldly use of it on her Sundays and classes of life, stand around us: we do not give them what they want, the image of a true Christian people, her fasts, obedience, and self-denial, and bountiful givour natural appetites, that she may teach us, through living in that apostolic awe and strictness which car-ing of alms. Thus she strives to interweave herself ries with it an evidence that they are the Church of with our most secret and common thoughts, our everyChrist! put something spiritual into them all. She is diligent, day actions, our domestic griefs and joys. She would unwearying, ungrudging as her Master, always going FABER.

This is the way to withstand and repel the Romanists: not by cries of alarm, and rumors of plots, and dispute, and denunciation, but by living up to the pre-about doing good. cepts and doctrines of the Gospel as contained in the creeds, the services, the ordinances, the usages of our own Church, without fear of consequences, without fear of being called Papists; to let matters take their course freely, and to trust to God's good providence for the issue. REV. J. H. NEWMAN.

To the Church belongs, in regard to the moral world, the same office for which the sun was ordained in the natural. Both were set up for the express purpose of giving light to all that are in the world, that their going forth might be from the end of the heaven, and their circuit unto the ends of it, till there should be nothing hid from the light thereof.

Between the sun of the natural world, however, and the Church on earth, as the established means by which it is the good pleasure of God to shed the light of spiritual life over all the earth, there is this most essential difference. The light of the former originates in itself; but all the light of the latter is derived. It hath nothing holy, nothing beautiful, nothing radiant, that it hath not received. It is the mere reflector, by which it is the will of Him who said, "I am the light of the world," to transmit his effulgence. Turned away from Christ, it is covered with darkness. Turned unto Christ, and occupying precisely the place, and directed to precisely the objects for which he hath ordained it, it becomes identified with himself; so that the language which would seem to be only appropriate to the sun, he applies to the satellite, and the Church,

THF IMPORTANCE OF THOROUGH CATECHETICAL
INSTRUCTION.

What may be the reason why so many now-a-days are carried about with every wind of doctrine, even to scour every point in the compass round about? Surely principles of religion. O for the ancient and primitive it is because they were never well catechised in the order of catechising! Every youth can preach, but he Indeed, sermons are like whole joints for men to manmust be a man indeed who can profitably catechise. tions and answers, (fit for children to eat, and easy age; but catechising is mincemeat, shred into questhe edification of those of riper years, enlarge and dilate for them to digest,) while the minister may also, for himself on both, as he seeth just occasion. FULLER.

EARLY PIETY.

Nothing less than positive piety-actual devotion of heart and life to God; just such piety as the Gospel requires of parents, must parents seek for their children—and that, not merely for their blessing bye and bye, when they shall have ceased to be children, but now, while they are the lambs of the flock, and "unspotted from the world." BISHOP M'ILVAINE.

Whatever measure a good man takes, he will hardly escape the censures of the world; the best way is, not to be concerned at them. BISHOP WILSON.

EDITOR'S TABLE.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

THE LENTEN FAST. The History, Object, and proper Observance of the Holy Season of Lent. By the Rev. Wm. Ingraham Kip, M. A., Rector of St. Paul's Church, Albany. Second edition. E. H. Pease, Albany.-We are pleased to learn that the first edition of this work was exhausted in a few months, and that a second has been called for, and is now published. The work has been so favorably noticed in our Church journals that it is unnecessary for us to add anything by way of recommendation. The season of the "Lenten Fast" is near at hand, and we trust

OUR PROSPECTS.-To all who are interested in the success of our periodical, it will be gratifying intelligence to learn that our prospects are truly encouraging. Not a week-day passes by without bringing with it an accession to our list of subscribers. We have also succeeded, since the publication of our former number, in effecting arrangements for contributions from others of our Church-writers, and again would we assure our readers that we shall endeavor to use our constant exertions to make the Evergreen all that we have promised it to be. And thus we hope to be enabled not only to obtain a large number of sub-that a work so appropriate to this approaching season scribers, but also to retain them.

our

will be extensively circulated and attentively perused.

THE CONGREGATIONAL CATECHISM, containing a We desire to return our sincere thanks to our friends general survey of the Organization, Government, and both of the clergy and laity, who have so kindly and so Discipline of Christian Churches. New Haven: A. actively engaged themselves in promoting the circula-H. Maltby, 1844.-We have been for some weeks tion of our periodical. We trust that they will have awaiting this work, and now that we have read it no future cause to regret having introduced we must do the authors the justice to say, that it is "Church-offering of Religious, Literary, and Enter- the most fair and unreserved exposition of the Congretaining Knowledge" into their parishes. We are also gational system that we have ever seen. Still we grateful for the suggestions and advice which we have think it susceptible of further improvement, for the received from many who, though personally unknown principles there inculcated, if legitimately carried out to us, appear to have the best interest of our publica- by the same process of reasoning which the authors tion at heart. And while it is the privilege and even have deemed proper to adopt, would militate equally the duty of an editor to use, in general, his own discre- against the doctrine of infant baptism, the divine oblition as to the course he should pursue, yet far be itgation of the Lord's day, and even the canon of Scripfrom us to be ungrateful for, or unmindful of any well-ture itself. The authors can avail themselves of these intended counsels, especially when offered in a spirit of such unaffected modesty and frankness. And as the Evergreen is designed as a Church periodical, we shall always be happy to have the advice and co-operation of all good Churchmen.

improvements in a future edition of their Catechism.

Congregationalism has generally been one thing in theory and another in practice. Thus, for instance, while they sneer at the doctrine of Apostolical succession in the Holy Ministry, it has not heretofore been regarded as an unpardonable heresy for their ministers to advocate (if not in the express words, yet in those of CHURCH BOOKS.-In conversation, a few days since, essentially the same import) this very principle. We with a gentleman who had recently become a Church-have now before us a sermon preached somewhat more man, we were asked by him what book he could pro-than a year ago, in which the author (a Congregationcure which would afford him the most correct information concerning the Church-her external order, worship, and usages, as well as an explanation of various words and phrases employed in connection with these. We referred him to "Staunton's Dictionary of the Church." And we would recommend to all our readers, if they do not already possess a copy of this excellent work, to procure one. We have taken occasion to notice this book, because we have good reason to believe that it is not as generally known as it should be, that such a valuable Church work has ever been published. Our ministers often justly complain that their people are so little instructed in Church principles, but if they would use some efforts to introduce, or at least to recommend, sound practical Church books among their parishioners, we have no doubt but that the cause of complaint would in a good degree be

removed.

alist) asks, "Who then, my hearers, compose this class of authorized Christian ministers? I answer, all those who having not forfeited their standing by a manifest departure from the Christian faith, are found in the line of ordained and regular succession, from those whom CHRIST, the great Head of the Church, ordained. He ordained the first Apostles; they their immediate successors, and they theirs-and the chain continues unbroken to this time." The Catechism, on the contrary, maintains that there was no hierarchy of any kind set up by the Apostles, (p. 63,) that the power of ordination in the primitive Church was possessed by the people, (p. 48 ;) and that the Apostles "never did establish this law of succession," (p. 111.) The publi cation of this Catechism will be hailed with pleasure by the Churchmen of New England, as it affords something in the shape of a Congregational standard (hitherto a great desideratum) to which we can refer.

VOL. I.

THE EVERGREEN.

MARCH, 1844.

NO. III.

For the Evergreen.

NEW HAVEN.

We present our readers, in this number of the Evergreen, with an engraving of the Public Square or Green, in the city of New Haven. And as our periodical is printed here, we have thought that it would

not be inappropriate to give a brief sketch of the early history of the New Haven Colony, together with a few other particulars connected with the city.

In the autumn of 1637, some Puritan emigrants, who had but recently arrived from England, left Boston, for the purpose of making a journey to Connecticut, and of exploring the lands and harbors on the coast. These same emigrants had been repeatedly and urgently solicited by the people of various towns, and by the general court of Massachusetts, to settle in that colony. "Charlestown had offered them many inducements, Newbury had proposed to give up the whole town to them, the general court had offered

laws, dividing allotments of inheritance, and all things of a like nature, they would all of them be ordered by the Rules, which the Scriptures do hold forth."

There appears to have been no other civil or religious compact for the first year after their settlement, than this Plantation Covenant. But on the 4th of

June, 1639, all the free planters convened in a large barn, and "in a formal and very solemn manner, proceeded to lay the foundations of their civil and religious polity." The business was introduced by a sermon, from the words of Solomon: "Wisdom hath builded her house; she hath hewn out her seven pillars." The preacher then " proceeded to show that the church—the house of God-should be formed of members of the church should be gathered." And seven pillars or principal brethren, to whom all other such was the effect of the preacher's logic, that his plan was soon adopted, and the requisite number of men was chosen for the "seven pillars of the church." These " seven pillars" were also constituted a Court of Election, in which all the officers of the colony

them any place where they should choose to settle, and one of their leaders, Mr. Eaton, had been ap-word of GOD should be the only rule for ordering the were to be chosen. This court decided "that the

pointed a magistrate of the colony." But none of these things could induce them to remain in Massachusetts, as "they were determined to plant a distinct colony, where they might establish a government, modeled, in both civil and religious matters, according to their own peculiar views, and where they might be under the control of no other colony." They had learned from those who had been in the expedition against the Pequots, that the soil of the country along

the shore from Saybrook to Fairfield was fertile, and that there were several good harbors well situated for navigation and commerce. Two of their leading men had been engaged in mercantile enterprises in London,

and well knew how to appreciate a country possessing

such rare advantages for commercial pursuits.

Having explored the lands and harbors on the coast, and being pleased with the situation of Quinnipiac, (the Indian name for the place where New Haven is situated,) they there determined to form their settle ment. Accordingly, the company sailed from Boston, and arrived at their place of destination about the middle of April, 1638. Soon after their arrival, they entered into what they termed the "Plantation Cov

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affayres of government in the Commonwealth." This was the first organization of the government of New Haven.

the church,' the members of which elected the gov"All government was originally in trates at first were no more than assistants of the ernor, magistrates, and all other officers. The magis

governor."

"The New Haven adventurers were the most opulent company which had come into New England; and they designed to plant a capital colony. Having treated with the Indians for a large tract of land, they laid out their town in squares, the streets crossing at right angles. The centre square they reserved for a

public green." In the mean time, the colony con

tinued to increase by the arrival of other settlers. For the purposes of trade, a large purchase, sufficient for a number of plantations, was made by an agent for New Haven, on both sides of the river Delaware. Fifty families were sent to form settlements upon these newly-bought lands; but the Dutch, who laid claim to these territories, sent an armed force, and soon succeeded in breaking up the settlements.

From the whole history of the New Haven colony, we learn that the great object of their settlement was engage in commercial pursuits. In these undertakings they had as yet been very unsuccessful, and in

to

Voted, That the trustees, in faithfulness to the trust reposed in them, do excuse the Rev. Mr. Cutler from all further service, as Rector of Yale College; and that the trustees accept of the

all their trade, particularly at Delaware, they had sus- {cut; and but very few of the laity who were Episcotained great losses. "The large estates which they pally inclined." In consequence of this alarming had brought from England rapidly declined, and about discovery, the trustees met, and the year 1645, they made a vigorous attempt to repair their former losses. Combining their money and labors, they built a ship at Rhode Island, and freighted her for England with the best part of their commercial estates. This ship foundered at sea, and never was heard of after she sailed. According to the belief of the inhabitants of that period, this ship was seen in the air by many persons, after she was lost!"

The loss of their ship, together with the former losses which they had sustained, made the colonists despair of any success with respect to trade; and as they conceived themselves but poorly situated for engaging in agricultural pursuits, they concluded to leave the country; and with such an intention, even went so far as to enter into treaties for the city of Galloway, in Ireland, where they designed to settle and form a small province for themselves. But being disappointed in this design, they remained at New Haven, and, as a last resort, engaged in husbandry.

resignation which Mr. Brown hath made of his office as tutor. Voted, That all such persons as shall hereafter be elected to the office of Rector or tutor in this College, shall .

particularly give satisfaction to them [the trustees] of the soundness of their faith in opposition to Armenian and prelatic corruptions, &c.

To those possessed of such a holy horror of "prelatic corruptions," it must have created no little mortification and dismay to find such of their ministers as Cutler, Brown, Johnson, Chandler, Wetmore, Seabury, Beach, Leaming, Arnold, Punderson, (all of whom had pursued their studies at Yale College,) one after the other, declaring for Episcopacy, going to England for Orders, and returning as Episcopal Missionaries.* At the present time, there are in New Haven County, twenty-eight Episcopal churches.

We will close our sketch with an extract having reference to the " theological department" of Yale College.

A

Whalley, Goffe, and Dixwell-three of the rebels (sometimes styled the judges) who sat at the mock tribunal in which the royal-martyr Charles I. was "Connecticut has been suffering for the last twenty condemned, and through whose sentence he was mur- years under a visitation of the Pelagian heresy. dered-made their escape to New England, and were school of Theology has within that time arisen and for a time concealed in New Haven and its vicinity. flourished, established itself firmly in the venerable Dixwell, and, as tradition says, the other two regi-University of Yale, won over to itself a majority of cides, were buried in the Upper Green. the Congregational preachers of the State, and spread

The Public Square or Green, of which our engrav-itself widely through other parts of the country, which ing gives an eastern view, is divided into two equal has abandoned nearly every cardinal doctrine of the parts. The eastern division is surrounded on all sides Protestant confessions, and of course, nearly all the by rows of stately elms, and is considered one of the Scriptural and Catholic tenets contained in them. most beautiful public squares in the United States. Some of the errors of this school are as follows: Trinity Church, at the southern extremity of the 1st. That common sense is the ultimate arbiter in western division, is one of the best specimens of the religious questions. 2d. That self-love is the spring of Gothic style of architecture, to be found in our coun- all moral actions. 3d. A denial of original sin. 4th. try. There are also erected on the same division of A denial of the Eternal Generation of the Son and the Public Square, two houses of worship for the the Procession of the HOLY GHOST. 5th. That the Congregationalists, and one for the Methodists. The benefit of Christ's death consists in its moral effect. State House, or Capitol, situated nearly in the centre 6th. That the human will, and not the HOLY SPIRIT, of the western section of the Square, is constructed of is the author of Regeneration, which is not a new stone and marble, in the pure Doric order, after the creation, but change of purpose. In connection with model of the Parthenon, at Athens. Above the these false doctrines, there is also a system of exciteWestern or Upper Green, are situated the buildings ment similar to that of Methodism, though often of a belonging to Yale College. This institution was in- more controlled and subdued character; and a vast corporated in 1701. Four of our Bishops have grad-machinery of Religious Societics." It is, of course, uated here, viz. Bishops Seabury and Jarvis of Con- impossible for the true Churchman to regard this necticut, Bishop De Lancey of Western New York," New Haven theology" otherwise than as a system of and Bishop Gadsden of South Carolina. The sec-dangerous errors.

ond president [rector] of the college, Mr. Cutler, and "But even in the Congregational communion itself, one of the tutors, Mr. Brown, declared for Episcopacy there are a few, and they the wisest and best of its in 1722, and dissolving their connection with the in-members, who look upon it in the same light; who stitution, went to England for Episcopal ordination. reverence the past, and desire the old paths, and make "This event was somewhat surprising to the trustees and the body of the people, for at that time there was

*We might also mention here, the names of Palmer, Minor,

not one Episcopal minister in the colony of Connecti-Dibblee, and Mansfield.

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