At Philadelphia I saw a train containing 150 Confederate prisoners, who were being stared at by a large number of the beau monde of Philadelphia. I mingled with the crowd which was chaffing them; most of the people were good-natured, but I heard one suggestion to the effect that they should be taken to the river," and every mother's son of them drowned there." I arrived at New York at 10 P. M., and drove to the Fifth Avenue hotel. July 13 (Monday).-The luxury and comfort of New York and Philadelphia strikes one as extraordinary, after having lately come from Charleston and Richmond. The greenbacks seem to be nearly as good as gold. The streets are as full as possible of well-dressed people, and are crowded with ablebodied civilians capable of bearing arms, who have evidently no intention of doing so. They apparently don't feel the war at all here; and until there is a grand smash with their money, or some other catastrophe to make them feel it, I can easily imagine that they will not be anxious to make peace. I walked the whole distance of Broadway to the consul's house, and nothing could exceed the apparent prosperity; the street was covered with banners and placards inviting people to enlist in various high-sounding regiments. Bounties of $550 were offered, and huge pictures hung across the street, on which numbers of ragged graybacks,* terror depicted on their features, were being pursued by the Federals. On returning to the Fifth avenue, I found all the shopkeepers beginning to close their stores, and I perceived by degrees that there was great alarm about the resistance to the draft, which was going on this morning. On reaching the hotel, I perceived a whole block of buildings on fire close by: engines were present, but were not allowed to play by the crowd. In the hotel itself universal consternation prevailed, and an attack by the mob had been threatened. I walked about in the neighborhood, and saw a company of soldiers on the march, who were being jeered at and hooted by small boys; and I saw a negro, pursued by the crowd, take refuge with the military; he was followed by loud cries of "Down with the b-y * The Northerns call the Southerns "Graybacks," just as the latter call the former "Bluebellies," on account of the color of their dress. nigger!" "Kill all niggers," &c. Never having been in New York before, and being totally ignorant of the state of feeling with regard to negroes, I inquired of a bystander what the negroes had done, that they should want to kill them? He replied, civilly enough, "Oh, sir, they hate them here; they are the innocent cause of all these troubles." Shortly afterwards, I saw a troop of citizen cavalry come up; the troopers were very gorgeously attired, but evidently experienced so much difficulty in sitting their horses, that they were more likely to excite laughter than any other emotion. July 14 (Tuesday).-At breakfast this morning two Irish waiters, seeing I was a Britisher, came up to me, one after the other, and whispered at intervals, in hoarse Hibernian accents, "It's disgraceful, sir. I've been drafted, sir. I'm a Briton. I love my country. I love the Union Jack, sir." I suggested an interview with Mr. Archibald, but neither of them seemed to care about going to the "counsel" just yet. These rascals have probably been hard at work for years, voting as free and enlightened American citizens, and abusing England to their hearts' content. I heard every one talking of the total demoralization of the Rebels as a certain fact, and all seemed to anticipate their approaching destruction. All this sounded very absurd to me, who had left Lee's army four days previously as full of fight as ever-much stronger in numbers, and ten times more efficient, in every military point of view, than it was when it crossed the Potomac to invade Maryland a year ago. In its own opinion, Lee's army has not lost any of its prestige at the battle of Gettysburg, in which it most gallantly stormed strong intrenchments, defended by the whole army of the Potomac, which never ventured outside its works, or approached in force within half a mile of the Confederate artillery. The result of the battle of Gettysburg, together with the fall of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, seems to have turned everybody's head completely, and has deluded them with the idea of the speedy and complete subjugation of the South. I was filled with astonishment to hear people speaking in this confident manner, when one of their most prosperous States had been so recently laid under contribution as far as Harrisburg and Washington, their capital itself having just been saved by a fortunate turn of luck. spoil had safely crossed the Four-fifths of the Pennsylvanian Potomac before I left Hagerstown. The consternation in the streets seemed to be on the inCrease; fires were going on in all directions, and the streets were being patrolled by large bodies of police, followed by special constables-the latter bearing truncheons, but not looking very happy. I heard a British captain making a deposition before the consul, to the effect that the mob had got on board his vessel and cruelly beaten his colored crew. As no British man-ofwar was present, the French admiral was appealed to, who at once requested that all British ships with colored crews might be anchored under the guns of his frigate. The reports of outrages, hangings, and murder, were now most alarming, and terror and anxiety were universal. All shops were shut; all carriages and omnibuses had ceased running. No colored man or woman was visible or safe in the streets, or even in his own dwelling. Telegraphs were cut, and railroad tracks torn up. The draft was suspended, and the mob evidently had the upper hand. The people who can't pay $300, naturally hate being forced to fight in order to liberate the very race who they are most anxious should be slaves. It is their direct interest not only that all slaves should remain slaves, but that the free Northern negroes who compete with them for labor should be sent South also. July 15 (Wednesday).—The hotel this morning was occupied by military, or rather by creatures in uniform. One of the sentries stopped me; and on my remonstrating to his officer, the latter blew up the sentry, and said, "You are only to stop persons in military dress-don't you know what military dress is?" "No," responded this efficient sentry-and I left the pair discussing the definition of a soldier. I had the greatest difficulty in getting a conveyance down to the water. I saw a stone barricade in the distance, and heard firing going on-and was not at all sorry to find myself on board the China. Chronology of the Second Year of the War. 1862. April 16.-The Confederate Congress passes the Conscription Act. 18.-Fredericksburg, Va., occupied by U. S. troops. 66 46 66 66 66 66 "-Forts St. Philip and Jackson attacked by the U. S. Fleet, under Farragut. 19.-Battle of South Mills or Camden, N. C. 21.-Santa Fé, N. M., evacuated by Confederate forces. 24. The Confederate fleet defeated by Farragut with the 25.-Farragut demands surrender of New Orleans. 28. Surrender of Forts St. Philip and Jackson, and evacua- 29.-Bridgeport, Ala., taken by Gen. Mitchell. May 3-4.-Yorktown evacuated by the Confederate forces, and occupied by Gen. McClellan. 5.-Battle of Williamsburg, Va., between the Confederates under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, and Gen. McClellan. Federal loss 3,000. 7.-Attempt of Federal troops to land at Barhamsville, near West Point, Va. (6 8. Battle of McDowell, Va. Confederate loss, 350 killed and wounded. 66 10. Norfolk, Va., occupied by Gen. Wool. 66 66 11.-The Virginia (formerly Merrimac) destroyed by order of Commodore Tatnall. 12.-Pensacola, Florida, and Natchez, Miss., occupied by Federals. 66 15.-The Federal Iron-clads repulsed in an attack on Drewry's Bluff, James river, Va. 66 66 16. Conscription Act went into force. May 23.-Gen. Jackson surprises the Federal Colonel Kenly, at 66 "Col. Crook attacked at Lewisburg, Va., by Gen. Heath. iny. 25.-Gen. Jackson attacks Winchester, and drives the Fed- 66 29.-Battle of Hanover Court-house-Confederate forces "30.-Corinth, Miss., evacuated by Gen. Beauregard. 66 31.-Battle of the Seven Pines. McClellan's van, under Gens. June 1.-Battle of Fair Oaks. Gen. Johnston wounded, and 66 ground lost. "The Federals, under Gen. Benham, land on James Island. 6.-Confederate fleet off Memphis defeated, and almost en- 66 "-Col. Turner Ashby killed near Harrisburg, Va. "8-9.-Battle of Port Republic or Cross Keys between Gen. and Gen. Jackson, in which Jackson was signally vic- 66 13. Confederate battery at St. Charles, White river, Ark., 66 14. Confederate Cavalry raid to the Pamunkey, near the 66 -Severe battle on James Island: the Federals under Gens. 66 23.-Gen. McClellan began his movements for a change of 66 24. The Federals abandon the siege of Vicksburg, Miss., |