Thoms, Train, Trimble, Trowbridge, Van | Brandegee, Broomall, Ambrose W. Clark, Valkenburgh, Verree, Wall, Wallace, Freeman Clark, Cole, Henry Winter DaWashburne, Albert, S. White, Wilson, v.8, Dawes, Dixon, Donnelly, Driggs, DuWindom, Worcester-77. mont, Eckley, Eliot, Farnsworth, Fenton, NAYS-Messrs. William J. Allen, Ancona, Frank, Garfield, Gooch, Grinnell, Hooper, Baily, Biddle, Jacob B. Blair, William G. Hotchkiss, Asahel W. Hubbard, John H. Brown, Calvert, Casey, Clements, Cobb, Hubbard, Hulburd, Jenckes, Julian, FranCorning, Crittenden, Fouke, Grider, Hard- cis W. Kellogg, Orlando Kellogg, Loan, ing, Holman, Johnson, Knupp, Maynard, Longyear, Lovejoy, McClurg, McIndoe, Menzies, Noble, Noell, Norton, Pendleton, Samuel F. Miller, Moorhead, Morrill, John S. Phelps, Richardson, Robinson, Amos Myers, Leonard Myers, Norton, James S Rollins, Segar, Shiel, Smith, John Charles O'Neill, Orth, Patterson, Pike, PomB. Steele, William G. Steele, Francis Thom-eroy, Price, Alexander H. Rice, John H. as, Vallandigham, Vibbard, Voorhees, Wads- Rice, worth, Webster, Chilton A. White, Wick- Scofield, Shannon, Spalding, Thayer, liffe, Wood, Wright.—43. Van Valkenburgh, Elihu B. Washburne, William B. Washburn, Whaley, Wilder, Wilson, Windom, Woodbidge-73. Third Session, Thirty-Seventh Congress. In Senate, 1863, February 11-Mr. Ten Eyck, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred a bill, introduced by Senator Howe, in second session, December 26, 1861, to repeal the fugitive slave act of 1850, reported it back without amendment, and with a recommendation that it do not pass. First Session, Thirty-Eighth Congress. In House, 1863, Dec. 14.-Mr. Julian, of Indiana, offered this resolution : Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to report a bill for a repeal of the third and fourth sections of the "act respecting fugitives from justice and persons escaping from the service of their masters," approved February 12, 1793, and the act to amend and supplementary to the aforesaid act, approved September 18, 1850. Mr. Holman moved that the resolution lie upon the table, which was agreed toyeas 81, nays 73, as follows: Edward H. Rollins, Schenck, 1864, June 6, Mr. Hubbard, of Connecticut, offered this resolution: Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to report to this House a bill for the repeal of all acts and parts of acts which provide for the rendition of fugitive slaves, and that they have leave to make such report at any time. Which went over under the rule. May 30, he had made an ineffectual effort to offer it, Mr. Holman objecting. REPEALING BILLS. 1864, April 19, the Senate considered the bill to repeal all acts for the rendition of fugitives from service or labor. The bill was taken up-yeas 26, nays 10. Mr. Sherman moved to amend by inserting these words at the end of the bill: Except the act approved February 12, 1793, entitled "An act respecting fugitives from justice, and persons escaping from the service of their masters." Which was agreed to-yeas 24, nays 17, as follows: YEAS-Messrs. Buckalew, Carlile, Collamer, Cowan, Davis, Dixon, Doolittle, Foster, Harris, Henderson, Hendricks, Howe, Johnson, Lane of Indiana, McDougall, Nesmith, Powell, Riddle, Saulsbury, Sherman, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Van Winkle, Willey---24. YEAS Messrs. James C. Allen, William J. Allen, Ancona, Anderson, Baily, Augustus C. Baldwin, Jacob B. Blair, Bliss, Brooks, James S. Brown, William G. Browne, Clay, Cobb, Coffroth, Cox, Cravens, Creswell, Dawson, Demming, Denison, Eden, Edgerton, Eldridge, English, Finck, Ganson, Grider, Griswold, Hall, Harding, Harrington, Benjamin G. Harris, Charles M. Har- NAYS-Messrs. Anthony, Brown, Clark, ris, Higby, Holman, Hutchins, William Conness, Fessenden, Grimes, Hale, HowJohnson, Kernan, King, Knapp, Law, La-ard, Lane of Kansas, Morgan, Morrill, zear, Le Blond, Long, Mallory, Marcy, Mar- Pomeroy, Ramsey, Sprague, Sumner, Wilvin, McBride, McDowell, McKinney, Wil-kinson, Wilson-17. tions: liam H. Miller, James R. Morris, Morrison, Mr. Saulsbury moved to add these secNelson, Noble, Odell, John O'Neil, Pendleton, William H. Randall, Robinson, Rogers, And be it further enacted, That no white James S. Rollins, Ross, Scott, Smith, Smith- inhabitant of the United States shall be ers, Stebbins, John B. Steele, Stuart, Sweat, arrested, or imprisoned, or held to answer Thomas, Voorhees, Wadsworth, Ward, for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, Wheeler, Chilton A. White, Joseph W. White, except in cases arising in the land or naWilliams, Winfield, Fernando Wood, Yea- val forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger, without due process of law. man-81. NAYS-Messrs. Alley, Allison, Ames, Arnold, Ashley, John D. Baldwin, Baxter, Beaman, Blaine, Blow, Boutwell, Boyd, And be it further enacted, That no person engaged in the executive, legislative, or judicial departments of the Government | 1793," passed September 18, 1850, be, and of the United States, or holding any office the same are hereby, repealed. or trust recognized in the Constitution of Yeas 86, nays 60, as follows: the United States, and no person in mili- YEAS-Messrs. Alley, Allison, Ames, Artary or naval service of the United States, nold, Ashley, John D. Baldwin, Baxter, shall, without due process of law, arrest or Beaman, Blaine, Blair, Blow, Boutwell, imprison anywhite inhabitant of the Uni- Boyd, Brandegee, Broomall, Ambrose W. ted States who is not, or has not been, or Clarke, Freeeman Clark, Cobb, Cole, Cresshall not at the time of such arrest or im-well, Henry Winter Davis, Thomas T. Daprisonment be, engaged in levying war avis, Dawes, Dixon, Donnelly, Driggs, Eckagainst the United States, or in adhering ley, Eliot, Farnsworth, Fenton, Frank, Garto the enemies of the United States, giv-field, Gooch, Griswold, Higby, Hooper, ing them aid and comfort, nor aid, abet, Hotchkiss, Asahel W. Hubbard, John K. procure or advise the same, except in cases Hubbard, Hulburd, Ingersoll, Jenckes, Juarising in the land or naval forces, or in lian, Kelley, Francis W. Kellogg, O. Kelthe militia when in actual service in time logg, Littlejohn, Loan, Longyear, Marvin, of war or public danger. And any person McClurg, McIndoe, Samuel F. Miller, asaforesaid so arresting, or imprisoning, or Moorhead, Morrill, Daniel Morris, Amos holding, as aforesaid, as in this and the Myers, Leonard Myers, Norton, Charles second section of this act mentioned, or O'Neill, Orth, Patterson, Perham, Pike, aiding, abetting, or procuring, or advising Price, Alexander H. Rice, John H. Rice, the same, shall be deemed guilty of fel-Schenck, Scofield, Shannon, Sloan, Spaldony, and, upon conviction thereof in any ing, Starr, Stevens, Thayer, Thomas, Tracy, court of competent jurisdiction, shall be Upson, Van Valkenburgh, Webster, Whaimprisoned for a term of not less than one ley, Williams, Wilder, Wilson, Windom, nor more than five years, shall pay a fine of Woodbridge-86. not less than $1,000 nor more than $5000, and shall be forever incapable of holding any office or public trust under the Government of the United States. Mr. HALE moved to strike out the word "white" wherever it occurs; which was agreed to. The amendment of Mr. SAULSBURY, as amended, was then disagreed to-yeas 9, nays 27, as follows: NAYS-Messrs. James C. Allen, William J. Allen, Ancona, Augustus C. Baldwin, Bliss, Brooks, James S. Brown, Chanler, Coffroth, Cox, Cravens, Dawson, Denison, Eden, Edgerton, Eldridge, English, Finck, Ganson, Grider, Harding, Harrington, Charles M. Harris, Herrick, Holman, Hutchins, Kalbfleisch, Kernan, King, Knapp, Law, Lazear, Le Blond, Mallory, Marcy, McDowell, McKinney, Wm. H. Miller, James R. Morris, Morrison, Odell, Pendleton, Pruyn, Radford, Robinson, Jas. S. Rollins, Ross, Smithers, John B. Steele, Wm. G. Steele, Stiles, Strouse, Stuart, Sweat, WadsNAYS-Messrs. Anthony, Clark, Colla-worth, Ward, Wheeler, Chilton A. White, mer. Conness, Doolittle, Fessenden, Foster, Joseph W. White, Fernando Wood-60. Grimes, Hale, Harris, Howard, Howe, Lane of Indiana, Lane, of Kansas, Morgan, Morrill, Pomeroy, Ramsey, Sherman, Sprague, Sumner, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Van Winkle, Wilkinson, Willey, Wilson-27. YEAS-Messrs, Buckalew, Carlile, Cowan, Davis, Hendricks, McDougall, Powell, Rid dle, Saulsbury-9. June 22-This bill was taken up in the Senate, when Mr. SAULSBURY moved this substitute: That no person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escapMr. CONNESS moved to table the bill;ing into another, shall, in consequence of which was disagreed to-yeas 9, (Messrs. any law or regulation therein, be discharged Buckalew, Carlile, Conness, Davis, Hen- from such service or labor, but shall be dedricks, Nesmith, Powell, Riddle, Saulsbury,)|livered up on claim of the party to whom navs 31. It was not again acted upon. 1864, June 13-The House passed this bill, introduced by Mr. SPALDING, of Ohio, and reported from the Committee on the Judiciary by Mr. MORRIS, of New York, as follows: such service or labor may be due; and Congress shall pass all necessary and proper laws for the rendition of all such persons who shall so, as aforesaid, escape. Which was rejected-yeas 9, nays 29, as follows: YEAS--Messrs. Buckalew, Carlile, Cowan, Davis, Mc Dougall, Powell, Richardson, Riddle, Saulsbury—9. Be it enacted, etc., that sections three and four of an act entitled "An act respecting fugitives from justice and persons escaping NAYS-Messrs. Anthony, Brown, Chandfrom the service of their masters," passed ler, Clark, Conness, Dixon, Foot, Grimes, February 12, 1793, and an Act entitled Hale, Harlan, Harris, Hicks, Howard, "An act to amend, and supplementary to, Howe, Johnson, Lane of Indiana, Lane the act entitled 'An act respecting fugi- of Kansas, Morgan, Morrill, Pomeroy, tives from justice, and persons escaping Ramsey, Sprague, Sumner, Ten Eyck, from their masters,' passed February 12, Trumbull, Van Winkle, Wade, Willey-29. Mr. JOHNSON, of Maryland, moved an amendment to substitute a clause repealing the act of 1850; which was rejectedyeas 17, nays 22, as follows: YEAS--Messrs. Buckalew, Carlile, Cowan, Davis, Harris, Hicks, Johnson, Lane of Indiana, McDougall, Powell, Richardson, Riddle, Suulsbury, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Van Winkle, Willey-17. NAYS-Messrs. Anthony, Brown, Chandler, Clark, Conness, Dixon, Fessenden, Foot, Grimes, Hale, Harlan, Howard, Howe, Lane of Kansas, Morgan, Morrill, Pomeroy, Ramsey, Sprague, Sumner, Wade, Wilson-22. The bill then passed-yeas 27, nays 12, as follows: YEAS-Messrs. Anthony, Brown, Chandler, Clark, Conness, Dixon, Fessenden, Foot, Grimes, Hale, Harlan, Harris, Hicks, Howard, Howe, Lane of Indiana, Lane of Kansas, Morgan, Morrill, Pomeroy, Ramsey, Sprague, Sumner, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Wade, Wilson-27. NAYS-Messrs. Buckalew, Carlile, Cowan, Davis, Johnson, McDougall, Powell, Richardson, Riddle, Saulsbury, Van Winkle, Willey-12. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President, approved it, June 23, 1864. Seward as Secretary of State. Wm. H. Seward was a master in diplomacy and Statecraft, and to his skill the Unionists were indebted for all avoidance of serious foreign complications while the war was going on. The most notable case coming under his supervision was that of the capture of Mason and Slidell, by Commodore Wilkes, who, on the 8th of November, 1851, had intercepted the Trent with San Jacinto. The prisoners were Confederate agents on their way to St. James and St. Cloud. Both had been prominent Senators, early secessionists, and the popular impulse of the North was to hold and punish them. Both Lincoln and Seward wisely resisted the passions of the hour, and when Great Britain demanded their release under the treaty of Ghent, wherein the right of future search of vessels was disavowed, Seward yielded, and referring to the terms of the treaty, said: "If I decide this case in favor of my own Government, I must disavow its most cherished principles, and reverse and forever abandon its essential policy. The country cannot afford the sacrifice. If I maintain those principles and adhere to that policy, I must surrender the case itself." The North, with high confidence in their President and Cabinet, readily conceded the wisdom of the argument, especially as it was clinched in the newspapers of the day by one of Lincoln's homely remarks: "One war at a time." A war with Great Britain was thus happily avoided. With the incidents of the war, however, save as they affected politics and politi cians, this work has little to do, and we therefore pass the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, which suspension was enployed in breaking up the Maryland Legislature and other bodies when they contemplated secession, and it facilitated the arrest and punishment of men throughout the North who were suspected of giving aid and comfort to the enemy. The alleged arbitrary character of these arrests caused much complaint from Democratic Senators and Representatives, but the right was fully enforced in the face of every form of protest until the war closed. The most prominent arrest was that of Clement L. Vallandigham, member of Congress from Ohio, who was sent into the Southern lines. From thence he went to Canada, and when a candidate for Governor in Ohio, was de feated by over 100,000 majority. Financial Legislation—Internal Taxes. The Financial legislation during the war was as follows: 1860, December 17-Authorized an issue of $10,000,000 in TREASURY NOTES, to be redeemed after the expiration of one year from the date of issue, and bearing such a rate of interest as may be offered by the lowest bidders. Authority was given to issue these notes in payment of warrants in favor of public creditors at their par value, bearing six per cent. interest per annum. 1861, February 8-Authorized a LOAN of $25,000,000, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding six per cent. per annum, and reimbursable within a period not beyond twenty years nor less than ten years. This loan was made for the payment of the cur rent expenses, and was to be awarded to the most favorable bidders. March 2-Authorized a LOAN of $10,000,000, bearing interest at a rate not cxceeding six per cent. per annum, and reimbursable after the expiration of ten years from July 1, 1861. In case proposals for the loan were not acceptable, authority was given to issue the whole amount in TREASURY NOTES, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding six per cent. per annum. Authority was also given to substitute TREASURE NOTES for the whole or any part of the loans for which the Secretary was by law authorized to contract and issue bonds, at the time of the passage of this act, and such treasury notes were to be made receivable in payment of all public dues, and redeemable at any time within two years from March 2, 1861. March 2-Authorized an issue, should the Secretary of the Treasury deem it expedient, of $2,800,000 in coupon BONDS, bearing interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum, and redeemable in twenty years, for the payment of expenses incurred by the Territories of Washington and Oregon in the suppression of Indian hostilities during the year 1855-'56. 1862, July 11-Authorized an additional issue of $150,000,00 legal tender NOTES, $35,000,000 of which might be in denomi nations less than five dollars. Fifty million dollars of this issue to be reserved to pay temporary loans promptly in case of July 17—Authorized a loan of $250,000,000, for which could be issued BONDS bear-energency. ing interest at a rate not exceeding 7 per cent. per annum, irredeemable for twenty years, and after that redeemable at the pleasure of the United States. TREASURY NOTES bearing interest at the rate of 7.30 per cent. per annum, payable three years after date; and United States NOTES without interest, payable on demand, to the extent of $50,b00,000. (Increased by act of February 12, 1862, to $60,000,000.) The bond- and treasury NOTES to be is sued in such proportions of each as the Secretary may deem advisable. August 5-Authorized an issue of BONDS bearing 6 per cent. interest per annum, and payable at the pleasure of the United States after twenty years from date, which may be issued in exchange for 7.30 treasury notes; but no such bonds to be issued for a less sum than $500, and the whole amount of such bonds not to exceed the whole amount of 7.30 treasury notes issued. February 6, 1862-Making $50,000,000 of notes, of denominations less than $5, a legal tender, as recommended by Secretary Chase, was passed January 17, 1862. In the House it received the votes of the Republicans generally, and 35 Democrats, In the Senate it had 30 votes for to 1 against, that of Senator Powell. 1962, February 25-Authorized the issue of $15,000,000 in legal tender United States NOTES, $50,000,000 of which to be in lieu of demand notes issued under act of July 17, 1861, $500,600,000 in 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable after five years, and payable twenty years from date, which may be exchanged for United States notes, and a temporary loan of $25,000,000 in United States notes for not less than thirty days, payable after ten days' notice at 5 per cent. interest per annum. March 17-Authorized an increase of TEMPORARY LOANS of $25,000,000, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding 5 per cent. per annum. July 17-Authorized an issue of NOTES of the fractional part of one dollar, receivable in payment of all dues, except customs, less than five dollars. Amount of issue not specified. 1863, January 17-Authorized the issue of $100,000,000 in United States NOTES for the immediate payment of the army and navy; such notes to be a part of the amount provided for in any bill that may hereafter be passed by this Congress. The amount in this resolution is included in act of March 3, 1863. March 3-Authorized a LOAN of $300,CO0,000 for this and $600,000,000 for next fiscal year, for which could be issued bonds running not less than ten nor more than forty years, princip al and interest payable in coin, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding 6 per cent. per annum, payable on bonds not exceeding $100, annually, and on all others semi-annually. And TREASURY NOTES (to the amount of $400,000,000) not exceeding three years to run, with interest not over 6 per cent. per annum, principal and interest payable in lawful money, which may be made a legal tender for their face value, excluding interest, or convertible into United States notes. And a further issue of $150,000,000 in United States NOTES for the purpose of converting the Treasury notes which may be issued under this act, and for no other purpose. And a further issue, if necessary, for the payment of the army and navy, and other creditors of the Government, of $150,000,000 in United States NOTES, which amount includes the $100,000,000 authorized by the joint resolution of Congress, January 17, 1863. The whole amount of bonds, treasury notes, and United States notes issued under this act not to exceed the sum of $900,000,000. March 3-Authorized to issue not exceeding $50,000,000 in FRACTIONAL CURRENCY, (in lieu of postage or other stamps,) exchangeable for United States notes in July 11-Authorized a further increase sums not less than three dollars, and reof TEMPORARY LOANS of $50,000,000, mak-ceivable for any dues to the United States ing the whole amount authorized $100,- less than five dollars, except duties on im000,000. ports. The whole amount issued, includMarch 1-Authorized an issue of CER-ing postage and other stamps issued as TIFICATES OF INDEBTEDNESS, payable one currency, not to exceed $50,000,000. year from date, in settlement of audited Authority was given to prepare it in the claims against the Government. Interest Treasury Department, under the supervi6 per cent. per annum, payable in gold on sion of the Secretary. those issued prior to March 4, 1863, and in lawful currency on those issued on and after that date. Amount of issue not specified. 1864, March 3-Authorized, in lieu of so much of the loan of March 3, 1863, a LOAN of $200,000,000 for the current fiscal year, for which may be issued bonds redeemable after five and within forty years, principal | Ancona, Brooks, Chanler, Cox, Dawson, and interest payable in coin, bearing interest Denison, Eden, Eldridge, Finck, Hurringat a rate not exceeding 6 per cent. per an-ton, Benjamin G. Harris, Herrick, Philip num, payable annually on bonds not over Johnson, William Johnson, Knapp, Law, Le $100, and on all others semi-annually. Blond, Long, Marcy, McDowell, McKinThese bonds to be exempt from taxation ney, James R. Morris, Morrison, Noble, John by or under State or municipal authority. O'Neil, Pendleton, Perry, Robinson, Ross, 1864, June 30-Authorized a LOAN of Stiles, Strouse, Stuart, Voorhees, Ward, Chil$100,000,000, for which may be issued ton A. White, Joseph W. White, Fernando bonds, redeemable after five nor more than Wood-39. thirty years, or if deemed expedient, made payable at any period not more than forty years from date-interest not exceeding six per cent. semi-annually, in coin. Pending the loan bill of June 22, 1862, before the House in Committee of the Whole, and the question being on the first section, authorizing a loan of $100,000,000, closing with this clause: And all bonds, Treasury notes, and other obligations of the United States shall be exempt from taxation by or under state or municipal authority. There was a sharp political controversy on this question, but the House finally agreed to it by 77 to 71. Party lines were not then distinctly drawn on financial issues. INTERNAL TAXES. The system of internal revenue taxes imposed during the war did not evenly divide parties until near its close, when Democrats were generally arrayed against these taxes. They cannot, from the record, be correctly classed as political issues, yet their adoption and the feelings since engendered by them, makes a brief summary of the record essential. First Session, Thirty-Seventh Congress. The bill to provide increased revenue from imports, &c., passed the House August 2, 1861-yeas 89, nays 39. June 6-The Senate amended and passed the bill-ycas 22, nays 3, (Messrs. Davis, Hendricks, Powell.) The bill, as finally agreed upon by a Committee of Conference, passed without a division. Second Session, Thirty-Seventh Congress. Tarif Act of 1862. In House-1862, July 1-The House passed, without a division, a bill increasing temporarily the duties on imports, and for other purposes. July 8-The Senate passed it without a division. THE TARIFF act of 1864. June 4-The House passed the bill yeas 81, nays 28. The NAYS were: Messrs. James C. Allen, Bliss, James S. Brown, Cox, Edgerton, Eldridge, Finck, Grider, Harding, Harrington, Chas. M. Harris, Herrick, Holman, Hutchins, Le Blond, Long, Mallory, Marcy, McDowell, Morrison, Noble, Pendleton, Perry, Pruyn, Ross, Wadsworth, Chilton A. White, Joseph W. White -28. June 17-The Senate passed the billyeas 22, nays 5, (Messrs. Buckalew, Hendricks, McDougall, Powell, Richardson.) Second Session, Thirty-Seventh Congress. Tares in Insurrectionary District, 1862. 1862, May 12—The bill for the collecSame day, it passed the Senate-yeas 34, tion of taxes in the insurrectionary disnays 8, (Messrs. Breckinridge, Bright, John-tricts passed the Senate-yeas 32, nays 3, son, of Missouri, Kennedy, Latham, Polk, Powell, Saulsbury.)* Second Session, Thirty-Seventh Congress. The Internal Revenue Act of 1862. as follows: YEAS-Messrs. Anthony, Browning, Chandler, Clark, Davis, Dixon, Doolittle, Fessenden, Foot, Foster, Harlan, Harris, Henderson, Howe, King, Lane of Indiana, Lane of Kansas, Latham, McDougall, Morrill, Nesmith, Pomeroy, Rice, Sherman, Sumner, Ten Eyck, Trumbull, Wade, Wilkinson, Willey, Wilson, of Massachusetts, Wright-32. 1862, April 8-The House passed the bill to provide internal revenue, support the Government, and pay interest on the public debt-yeas 126, nays 15. The NAYS were: Messrs. William Allen, George H. Browne, Buffinton, Cox, Kerrigan, Knapp, Law, Norton, Pendleton, Richardson, Shiel, Val-bury-3. landigham, Voorhees, Chilton A. White, Wickliffe-15. June 6-The bill passed in the Senateyeas 37, nay 1, (Mr. Powell.) First Session Thirty-Eighth Congress. April 28-The House passed the act of 1861-yeas 110, nays 39. The NAYS were: Messrs. James C. Allen, William J. Allen, • Democrats in italics. NAYS-Messrs. Howard, Powell, Sauls May 28 The bill passed House - yeas 98, nays 17. The NAYS were: Messrs. Biddle, Calvert, Cravens, Johnson, Kerrigan, Law, Mallory, Menzies, Noble, Norton, Pendleton, Perry, Francis Thomas Vallandigham, Ward, Wickliffe, Wood-17. The Democrats who voted Aye were: Messrs. Ancona, Baily, Cobb, English, Haight, Holman, Lehman, Odell, Phelps, Democrats in italics. . |