permanent seat of Government established by the "Act for establishing the temporary and permanent seat of the Government of the United States," approved July 16, 1790; and the act to amend the same, approved March 3, 1791. The district of ten miles square was accordingly located, and its lines and boundaries particularly established by a proclamation of George Washington, President of the United States, March 30, 1791, and by the "Act concerning the District of Columbia," approved February 27, 1801, Congress assumed complete jurisdiction over the said District, as contemplated by the framers of the Constitution. Area about 60 square miles. Population in 1850, 51,687; 1860, 75,080; 1866, 118,867. In 1846 that portion of the District lying south of the Potomac was retroceded to Virginia by act of Congress. Slavery was abolished in this District by an act of Congress, approved April 16, 1862. ORIGIN OF THE NAMES OF STATES. Maine was so called, as early as 1623, from Maine, in France, of which Henrietta Maria, Queen of England, was at that time proprietor. Popular name — The Lumber or Pine Tree State. New Hampshire was the name given to the territory conveyed by the Plymouth Company to Captain John Mason, by patent, November 7th, 1629, with reference to the patentee, who was Governor of Portsmouth, in Hampshire, England. Popular name The Granite State. Vermont was so called, by the inhabitants in their Declaration of Independence. January 16, 1777, from the French verd mont, the Green Mountains. Popular name The Green Mountain State. Massachusetts was so called from Massachusetts Bay, and that from the Massachusetts tribe of Indians, in the neighborhood of Boston. The tribe is thought to have derived its name from the Blue Hills of Milton. "I had learnt," says Roger Williams, "that the Massachusetts was so called from the Blue Hills. Popular name -The Bay State. Rhode Island was so called, in 1664, in reference to the Island of Rhodes, in the Mediterranean. Popular name Little Rhody. Connecticut was so called from the Indian name of its principal river. Connecticut is a Mocheakannew word, signifying long river. Popular names— The Nutmeg or Free Stone State. New York was so called, in 1664, in reference to the Duke of York and Albany, to whom this territory was granted by the King of England. Popular names - The Empire or Excelsior State. New Jersey was so called, in 1664, from the Island of Jersey, on the coast of France, the residence of the family of Sir George Carteret, to whom the territory was granted. Pennsylvania was so called in 1681, after William Penn. Popular name — The Keystone State. Delaware was so called, in 1703, from Delaware Bay, on which it lies, and which received its name from Lord de la War, who died in this bay. Popular names - The Blue Hen, or Diamond State. Maryland was so called in honor of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., in his patent to Lord Baltimore, June 30th, 1632. Virginia was so called, in 1584, after Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen of England. Popular names - The Old Dominion, or Mother of States. Carolina was so called by the French, in 1564, in honor of King Charles IX., of France. Popular name of South Carolina - The Palmetto State; of North Carolina - The Old North, or Turpentine State. Georgia was so called, in 1732, in honor of King George II. Alabama was so called, in 1814, from its principal river, meaning here we rest. Mississippi was so called, in 1800, from its western boundary. Mississippi is said to denote the whole river, that is, the river formed by the union of many. Popular name -The Bayou State. -- Louisiana was so called, in honor of Louis XIV. of France. Popular name — The Creole State. Tennessee was so called, in 1796, from its principal river. The word Ten-as-se is said to signify a curved spoon. Popular name - The Big-Bend State. Kentucky was so called, in 1792, from its principal river. Popular name - The State of the Dark and Bloody Ground. Illinois was so called, in 1809, from its principal river. This word is said to signify the river of men. Popular names - The Sucker, or Prairie State. Indiana was so called, in 1809, from the American Indians. Popular name - The Hoosier State, Ohio was so called, in 1802, from its southern boundary. Popular name The Buckeye State. Meaning of Indian word Ohio-i, Beautiful. Missouri was so called in 1821, from its principal river. muddy water. Michigan was so called, in 1805, from the lake on its border. a weir for fish. Popular name — The Wolverine State. Arkansas was so called, in 1812, from its principal river. name-The Bear State. Indian name, meaning Indian name, meaning Indian name. Popular Florida was so called by Juan Ponce de Leon in 1572, because it was discovered on Easter Sunday; in Spanish, Pascua Florida. Wisconsin was so called from its principal river. Indian name, meaning wild rushing river. Popular name - The Badger State. Iowa was so called from its principal river. Popular name - Hawkeye State. Indian name, meaning the sleepy ones. Oregon was so called from its principal river. Indian name, meaning river of the west. Minnesota is also an Indian word, meaning the whitish water. California, a Spanish word, and named from an arm of the Pacific Ocean. Popular name The Golden State. Texas, a Spanish word applied to the Republic. Popular name-The Lone Star State. Kansas is an Indian name, meaning the smoky water. West Virginia. So-called after Virginia. Nevada is a Spanish word, meaning white with snow. By a census taken through the Internal Revenue organization in 1866, it appears that the total population of the United States at that time was 34,505,882. POPULATION OF THE SEVERAL STATES, THE RATIO OF REPRESENTATION, AND THE NUMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES ALLOWED TO EACH AT THE TIME OF THEIR ADMISSION, RESPECTIVELY. See Williams's History of Vermont. Census of 1790. No census of Territory Territorial census. See American State See American State Papers, Mis., vol. i. Census of 1810. No census of Territory Territorial census. See American State Territorial census. See American State Territorial census. See Niles's Register, Census of 1820. Census of 1820. Territorial census. See Ex. Docs. H. R., Census of 1840. No census of Territory See American Almanac for 1844. Territorial census of 1847. See Ex. Doc. Territorial census of 1844. See American Estimated population. See Sen. Mis. Kansas .do .Dec. 6, 1859 107,206 93,420 Census of 1860. Congressional Districts in Fortieth Congress.-Alabama 6, Arkansas 3, California 3, Connecticut 4, Delaware 1, Florida 1, Georgia 7, Illinois 14, Indiana 11, Iowa 6, Kansas 1, Kentucky 9, Louisiana 5, Maine 5, Maryland 5, Massachusetts 10, Michigan 6, Minnesota 2, Mississippi 5, Missouri 9, Nebraska 1, Nevada 1, New Hampshire 3, New Jersey 5, New York 31, North Carolina 7, Ohio 19, Oregon 1, Pennsylvania 24, Rhode Island 2, South Carolina 4, Tennessee 8, Texas 4, Vermont 3, Virginia 8, West Virginia 3, Wisconsin 6. Total Representatives, when all are admitted, 243; while the Senators will number 74. |