Abercrombie, English general in
French and Indian war, 115.
Abolition party, 320; societies and
leaders, 328, 329; element op-
posed to Mexican war, 337:
377; 423.

Abolitionists and the underground
railroad, 353.

Acadia (a-ka'de-a), map of, 106;
conquered by the English, 106,
108; removal of the Acadians,
114.

Adams, Charles Francis, minister
to England, 442.

Adams, John, 156, 163, 166; on
committee to draft Declaration of
Independence, 181; peace com-
missioner, 215; minister to
Holland, 220; elected vice-presi-
dent, 246; elected president. 255;
administration of, 256-260;
sketch of life, 256; candidate for
re-election, 259; death of, 295.
Adams, John Quincy, elected pres-
ident, 292, 293; administration
of 293-298; sketch of life, 293-
294; in the house of representa-
tives, 294; nominated for
election, 297; protest against
"Gag rule," for the right of pe-
tition, 327, 328.

re-

Adams, Samuel, 156; resolutions

on the Stamp Act, 161, 164; in
connection with Boston Tea
Party, 167, 168; king orders ar-
rest of, 171; 175; 229.
Agriculture in the United States,
515.
Aix-la-Chapelle

treaty of, 109.

(aks-lä-shä-pěl),

Alabama, admitted to the Union,
290; secedes, 380; is readmitted,
468.

Alabama, confederate cruiser, 407;
sunk by the Kearsarge, 442.
Alabama claims, 473, 474.
Alaska, purchased, 470.
Albany Convention, The, plan of
union, 112, 221.

Albemarle colony, in Carolina, 100.
Algerine war, 287.

Algonkin (al-gon'kin), tribes, 54;
friends of the French, enemies
of English, 55; in King Wil-
liam's war, 107; assisted French
in the French and Indian war,
119.

Alien and Sedition laws, 258.
Allatoona, Ga., federals defeated the
confederates at, 438.

Alleghans, The, one of the oldest
Indian tribes, 56, 57.

Allen, Ethan, at Ticonderoga, 173.
Amendments to the constitution,

230; twelfth, 260; thirteenth,
462, 463; fourteenth, 465, 466;
fifteenth, 471.
America, discovery and explora-
tion of, 13-48; naming of, 32;
physiography of, 49; structural
map of north, 50; first English
settlement in, 64; new era in,
520.

American army disbands, 216, 217.
American Daily Advertiser, first

daily newspaper in America, 144.
American Nation, The, forming of,
from the various race elements,
129; growth of, from 1789 to
1829, 299-308; growth of, from.
1830 to 1860, 385-395; growth
of, from 1860 to 1902, 507-520.
American National or Anti-Secret
Society party, 516, 517.
American, or Know-Nothing party,
367, 368.

of

American Party, The, 517.
American protective system
tariff, 249, 286, 287, 292, 297,
314, 315, 316.

American Ultimatum, The, to
Spain, 499.

nar-

Americus Vespucius (a-mĕr'i-cus
ves-pu'shus), voyages and
ratives, 32 portrait, 41.
Amherst (ăm'erst), Baron, Eng-
lish general, 117.

Amnesty bill, 477.

Ampudia (äm-poo'de-ä), Pedro de,
Mexican general, 339.

Anderson, Major Robert,

com-

mander of Fort Sumter, 382;
surrender of, 399.

Andre (an'drā), John, arrest and
fate of, 210, 211.

Andros (ǎn'dros), Edmund, Sir,
governor of the New England
colonies, 81; and the Connecticut
charter, 86, 87; in New York,
90, 91.

Annapolis Trade Convention, The,
221, 225-226.

Antietam, battle of. 421, 422.
Anti-Federalists, 230.

Anti-Masonic party, held first na-
tional nominating convention,
315.

Anti-Nebraska party, 367.

Antirent difficulties, in New York,
325.

Antislavery movement, 328, 329,

361-365, 423.

Appomattox Courthouse, Lee sur-
rendered at, 452; after Appo-
mattox, 453, 454.

Arista (ä-rês'tä), Mariano, Mexi-
can general, 336.
Arkansas, admitted to the union,
317; secedes, 400; readmitted,
468.

Armies, Confederate and Union, at

the close of the year 1861, 408.
Army, The American, in the Revo-
lutionary War, 174-218; congress
voted to create an army for war
with France, 258; in war of
1812. 277-284; in the United
States from 1789 to 1829, 306,
307; in the Mexican war, 335,
338-342.

Army of Occupation, Taylor's, 335,
336.

Army of the Center, The, under

Rosecrans, plan of operation of,
in 1863, 425.

Army of the Potomac, The, in
command of Gen. Irwin McDow-
ell, 404-406; in command of Gen.
George B. McClellan, 416-422:
in command of Gen. Ambrose E.
Burnside, 422; in command of
Gen. Joseph E. Hooker, 422,
432, 433; in command of Gen.
George G. Meade, 433-436; un-
der Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, 442-
445, 451-453; plan of operations
for, in 1863, 425; disbands, 458,
459.

Army of the West, The, under

General Grant, plan of opera-
tions of, in 1863, 425; grand re-
view of, 458, 459.

Army of Virginia, created, 420:
merged into the Army of the
Potomac, 420.

Arnold, Benedict, at Ticonderoga,
173; at Quebec, 176, 177: at
Fort Stanwix, 194: 209; at Phil-
adelphia. 209, 210: at West
Point, 210; treason of, 210;
subsequent career of, 211.
Arthur, Chester Alan, vice-presi-
dent, 485; became president on
the death of Garfield, 487;
sketch of life, 487.
Articles of Confederation,

222;

weakness of, 222-224.
Ashburton, Lord, representative of
Great Britain in northeastern
boundary dispute, 324.
Assassination of President Lincoln,

453, 454; of President Garfield,
487; of President McKinley,

505.

Astoria, 265.

Atlanta, taken by Sherman, 437-
439; from Atlanta to the sea,
440.

Austin, Moses, founds colony in
Texas, 329, 330.
Australian ballot, 488.

BACON, NATHANIEL, character of,
73; Bacon's rebellion, 73, 74.
Bahamas (ba-hä'maz), 14, 19, 25,
Bainbridge, Captain William, in
the Tripolitan war, 268; in war
of 1812. 280.

Balboa (bǎl-bō'a), Vasco
(nōōn'-yeth), discovers

Nuñez
Pacific

Ocean, 25; portrait. 41.
Baltimore, Lord, see Calvert.
Baltimore, Md., population of, 125,
301, 388, 509; attacked by Brit-
ish in war of 1812, 284; Massa-
chusetts regiment at, 401; Gen-
eral B. F. Butler at, 404; Lee's
second invasion of north and, 433.
Bancroft, George, in President
Polk's cabinet-the historian,
333.

Bank, of North America, estab-
lished 178 219; of the United
States, (249) 286; overthrow of,
in Jackson's administration, 311.
312; effect of the overthrow of
the United States bank, 312;
State banks, "pet banks," 311-
313; Tyler vetoes bill to re-
charter the U. S. bank, 323.
Banking System. The National,
congress established and per-
fected, 456.

Banks, Nathaniel P., first Republi-
can speaker of the House, 367;
sent to capture Stonewall Jack-
son in the Shenandoah Valley,
418; in command of the Army of
the Shenandoah, 420.
Barbary States, and the Tripolitan
war, 267, 268.

"Battle above the clouds," 430.
Battles of 1861, table of, 408; of

1862, table of, 424 of 1863,
table of, 437; of 1864, table of,
447; of 1865, table of, 453.
Baum, Colonel, at Bennington, 193,
194.
Beauregard (bō're-gard), P. G. T.,
confederate general,
398;

at

Bull Run, 404; succeeded in com-
mand by Bragg, 414.
Belknap, William W., secretary of
war under President Grant, 478.
Bell. John, presidential candidate,
378.

Bemis (bē'mis) Heights. 195.
Bennington, battle of, 193, 194.
Benton, Thomas H., senator, 311.
Bentonville, N. C.. Sherman de-
feated Johnston's army, 451.
Bering Sea dispute with England,
492.

Berkeley, Lord, 92.
Berkeley, Sir William, governor of
Virginia, 72, 73; attitude of to-
ward public schools and print-
ing presses, 141.

Berlin decree, 269, 275.
Big Black River, battle at, 426.
"Bill of Rights," The, 230.
Birney, James G., presidential can-
didate, 320, 333.

Black Hawk and Florida wars, 316.
Blaine, James G., candidate for the
presidency, 489; reciprocity pol-
icy of, 494.

Blaine and Conkling political quar-
rel, 486.

Blair, Francis P., in Missouri, 402.
Bland-Allison bill, 484, 485.
Blockade of Southern ports in the
civil war, 400.
"Blue Laws," of Connecticut, 133.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, Louisiana

purchased from, 262; "decree"
of, 269, 274; double dealing of,
274, 275.

Bon Homme Richard (bō-nōm' re-
shär'), 202, 203.

Border States in civil war, 400,
401.

Boston, Mass., settled by Puritans,

78: population in 1790, 125;
massacre at, 165, 166; Tea Party,
166-168 Port Bill against, 168,
169; effect of Port Bill, in, 169;
map of, 171; evacuated by the
British, 177, 178; map of har-
bor of, 178; population of, 1810-
1830, 310; population of, 1840-
1860, 388; population of, 1860-
1900, 509.

Boston Massacre, 165, 166.
"Boston News Letter,' 144.
Boston Port Bill, The, 168, 169;
effects of, 169.

Boston Tea Party, 166-168.
Braddock, Edward, General, de-
feat of, 112.

Bradford, William, governor of
Plymouth colony, Mass., 76.
Bragg, General Braxton, invades
Kentucky, 414; at Chickamauga,
427-431.

Brandywine, battle of, 196, 197.
Brant, Joseph, chief of the Mo-
hawk Indians, 201.

Brazil, discovered by Cabral, 33.
Breckinridge, John C., vice-presi-

dent, 368; democratic nominee
for president in 1860, 378.
Breed's Hill, 175.

British, The, name first used by
colonists as term of reproach,
155; at Lexington and Concord,
171-173; at Ticonderoga and
Crown Point, 173-174; at Bunker
Hill, 175, 176; evacuate Boston,
178; in the south, 178, 179,
201, 206-209; in New York, 187,
188; at the Delaware, 190, 191;
plan of attack in 1777, 192;
under Burgoyne, 193-196; at the

Brandywine, 197; enter Phila-
delphia, 197; at Germantown,
197; evacuate Philadelphia,
199, 200; at Newport, 201;
navy, 202, 203; map of southern
campaign, 206; effect of York-
town victory on, 214; army dis-
bands, 216, 217; encouraged In-
dians against settlers in North-
west Territory, 253; and In-
dians in the Northwest, 276,
277; in the war of 1812, 278-
285.

Brock, General Sir Isaac, English
commander, 279.

Brooks, Preston, attacked Sum-
ner, 365, 366.

Brown, John, in Kansas, 363, 365;
raid of, at Harper's Ferry, 374-
376; death of, 376.

Brown University, formerly Rhode
Island College, 143.

Bryan, William Jennings, presiden-
tial candidate, 498, 505,
Buchanan, James,

Polk's cabinet,

in President
333; elected
president, 368; administration
of, 368-384; sketch of life of,
368, 369; policy toward the se-
ceded states, 380, 381.
Buckner, Simon B., confederate
general at Fort Donelson, 410.
Buell, General, 411, at Perryville,
414.

Buena Vista (bwa'na vēs'ta), battle
of, 339, 340.

Bull Run, first battle at, 404, 405;
effect of battle of, 405, 406; sec-
ond battle at, 420.

Bulwer, Sir Henry, negotiated the
Clayton-Bulwer treaty, 353.
Bunker Hill, battle of, 175, 176;
map of peninsula, showing, 175;
monument on, 326, 327.
Burgesses, House of, 70, 71.
Burgoyne (bûr-goin'), General Sir
John, 192; campaign of, 192-
196: map of campaign, 193; sur-
render of, 196.

Burnside, Ambrose E., in command
of army of the Potomac, 422;
at Fredericksburg, 422; at Knox-
ville, 430, 431.

Burr, Aaron, vice-president, 259,
260; duel with Hamilton, 265;
conspiracy and trial, 266.
Bushy Run, battle with Indians at,
120.

Butler, Andrew P., 365.
Butler, Benjamin F., at Baltimore,

or

404; military governor of New
Orleans. 413, 414; presidential
candidate of the Greenback
People's party, 517.
Butler, Major, tory leader, 200,
201.

CABEZA DE VACA (kä-bã'sä dã vä’-
ka), Alvar Nuñez, 28-29.
Cabinet, Washington's, 247, 248;

departments of, 247; Jackson's
"kitchen cabinet," 310.
Cabot (kǎb'-ot), John,

North America, 41.

discovers

Cabot, Sebastian, portrait, 41; dis-
coveries of, 41.

Cabral (kä-bräl'), Pedro Alvarez,
discovers Brazil, 33.

Cabrillo (cah-breel'-lo), Juan Rod-
riquez, 31.

Calhoun, John C., in war congress,
277; favors war with England,
278; vice-president, 293, 298;
doctrine of State rights, 314;
theory of "nullification," 314,
315 favored the annexation of
Texas, 331; and the Compromise
of 1850, 351, 352; death of,
354; compared with Clay and
Webster, 354, 355; secession,
the fruit of Calhoun's doctrine,
379.

California, 31; gold discovered in,
344-346; map of trails to, 345;
applies for admission as free
state, 350; admitted, 350.
Calvert, Cecil, founded Maryland,
98, 99.

Calvert, George, Lord Baltimore,
98.

Camden, S. C., battle of, 207, 208.
Campbell, Sir Archibald, British
general, 201.

Canals, The Erie, 295, 296; Sus-
quehanna and Potomac, 303;
era of, 390, 391; interoceanic,
proposed, 504; decay of, 513.
Cape of Good Hope, named, 16.
Cape Verd Islands, discovery of, 16;
line of demarcation, 22.
Capital, The National, selection of
site, 250, 251.
Caravels, Spanish, 13.
Carleton Sir Guy, 214; proclaims
cessation of hostilities, 215;
withdraws British army, 216,

217.

Carnegie, Andrew, endows a uni-
versity to be located at Wash-
ington, D. C., 511; aids cities in
establishing libraries, 511.
Carolinas, The, settlement and early
history of, 99-102; Albemarle
Colony, 100; Carteret Colony,
Charleston, 100, 101; separation
of, 101; map of, 101; different
character of settlers in North
and South Carolina, 101; Indian
troubles in, 102; Huguenots in,
129; religion in, 134; North
Carolina passes resolution to
declare independence, 180:
South Carolina passes the Nulli-
fication Act, 314, 315; South
Carolina secedes, 379: North
Carolina secedes, 400; Sherman's
march through, 450, 451; read-
mission of, 468.
"Carpet-baggers," 468.

Carson, Kit, the famous scout, 340.

Cartier (Kär-tya'), Jacques, dis-
covers the St. Lawrence, 34-35.
Carver, John, first governor of Ply-
mouth Colony, Mass., 76.

Cass, Lewis, Democratic candidate
for presidency, 347.

Cavalier, The, costume of, 131.
Cemetery Ridge, 435.

Census, estimates in colonies, 124;
of 1790, 254; of 1800, 259; of
1810, 287; of 1820, 292; of 1830,
317; of 1840, 319; of 1850, 355
of 1860, 382; of 1870, 479; of
1880, 485.

Cerro Gordo (ser'ro gôr'do), battle
of, 341.

Cervera, Spanish Admiral, 500, 501.
Champion Hill, battle at, 426.
Champlain (sham-plān'),

Lake

discovered, 37, 115.
Champlain, de, Samuel, 37, 90.
Chancellorsville, battle of, 432; ef-
fect of battle, 432, 433.
Chancellorsville, battle of, 432, 433.
Chapultepec (chä-pool’tā-pěk), for-
tress at City of Mexico, 342.
Charleston, S. C., founded, 100,
101; French and Spanish attack
upon, 108; population of, in
1790, 125; free school opened in,
141; British attack Ft. Moultrie,
178; captured by British, 207;
population of, 1810-1830, 301;
population of, 1840-1860, 388;
battle in harbor of, 431; evac-
uated in 1864, 450; population
of, 1860-1900, 509.
Charter colonies, 152.
"Charter Oak," 87.

Charters, Virginia, 65, 67; Massa-
chusetts-Bay Colony, 80, 81:
Connecticut, 86, 87; Rhode Isl-
and, 87, 88; Pennsylvania, 97;
Maryland, 98; Georgia, 103.
Chattanooga, Rosecrans enters, 427.
Cherry Valley, massacre at, 201.
Chesapeake, fired into by frigate

Leopard, 270; captured by the
Shannon, 283.

Chickamauga, battle of, 427-429;
map of, 428.

China and the Boxer revolt in 1900,
503; the "open door," 503.
Chinese Exclusion Act, 488, 489.
Chippewa, battle of, 284.
Christian commissions, during the
civil war, 457.

Churubusco (chōō-rōō-bōōs'kō), en-
gagement at, 342.

Cibola (se'bō-la,), Seven Cities of,
29.

Civil Rights Bill and the Four-
teenth Amendment, 465, 466.
Civil Service, 311.

Civil Service Reform bill, the first,