8. COMPARATIVE VIEW OF THE TONNAGE OF THE UNITED STATES,

From 1815 to 1853 inclusive, in Tons (95ths not counted).
Enrolled Reg. Tonn. Enrolled and Licensed Tonnage in Tonnage in
Registered
& licensed in Whale Coasting Cod Mackerel Steam
Tonnage. Tonnage. Fishery. Trade. Fishery. Fishery. Navigation

Years.

24,879

21,610

23,061

34,059

40,198

Boys, 1,339.

Boys, 1,536.

39,418

54,037

64,472

34,446

90,814

101,850

122,815

122,815

145,556

154,765

193,423

204,938

202,339

175,088

229,661

236,868

272,179

No separate returns of tonnage employed in the mackerel fishery were made by the collectors prior to the year 1830; and none given of steam navigation prior to 1823.

326,019

347,893

404,842

9. Entries and Clearances of American and Foreign Vessels, with their
Crews, during the Year ending June 30, 1853.
Whole number of American vessels entered during the year ending
June 30, 1853, from foreign countries,

Whole number of foreign vessels entered from do.,
Total of American and foreign vessels,

427,891

462,394

525.947

583,607

643,241

514,098

9,955 11,722 21,677

Whole number of American vessels cleared for foreign countries, 10,001 Whole number of foreign vessels cleared for do.,

11,680

Total of American and foreign vessels,

21,681 Total,

Crews of American vessels entered. Men, 143,091. 144,430.

Total,

Crews of foreign vessels entered. Men, 123,053. 124,589.

Crews of American vessels cleared. Men, 145,254. Boys, 1,535. Total, 146,789.

Crews of foreign vessels cleared. Men, 120,754. Boys, 1,560. Total, 122,314.

10. NUMBER AND CLASS OF VESSELS BUILT, AND THE TONNAGE THEREOF, IN THE UNITED STATES, FROM 1815 TO 1853, inclusive.

*For nine months.

Number of mail routes, July 1, 1853,
Length of mail routes, July 1, 1853, miles,
Amount of annual transportation in miles,
Cost of same for year ending June 30, 1853,
Average cost per mile, nearly,

Amount of transportation on railroads, in miles,

1. Post-Office Statistics for the Year ending June 30, 1853.

6,692

217,743 61,892,542

$4,495,968

$0.072

12,986,705

Cost of transportation on railroads,*
Average per mile,

$1,601,329

$0.123

Steamboat transportation, in miles,
Cost of same,

6,685,065 $632,368

Average per mile, nearly

$0.94

Transportation in coaches, miles,

Cost of same,

21,330,326 $1,206,958

Average per mile,

$0.056

Modes not specified, miles,

20,890,446

Cost of same,

$1,055,313 $0.05

Average per mile,

Length of routes, eight in number, connecting this with foreign} 21,359

countries, covered by regular United States mail conveyance,

890,512

$2,061,335 5,583

974

Amount of annual transportation in miles,

Annual cost of same, nearly, t

Number of contractors,

Route agents, local agents, and mail messengers, .

Number of post-offices supplied,

·

Increase in length of mail routes, since July 1, 1852,
Increase of inland mail transportation since July 1, 1852, in miles, 2,906,814
Increased cost of transportation,
$555,997
Increase of railroad and steamboat service, 2,235,593 miles, or near 12.8 per

22,320

3,459

cent., at an increased cost of $ 452,362, or near 25.39 per cent.

Do. of coach service, 631,396 miles, or near 3.5 per cent., at an increased cost of $77,972, or near 6.9 per cent.

Do. of service in modes not specified, 39,825 miles, or near 1.43 per cent., at an increased cost of $25,663, or near 2.49 per cent.

Gross revenue for the year,

Total expenditures for the year,

Excess of expenditures over gross revenue,

(For details, see post, page 169.)

$5,940,724.70 $7,982,756.59 $2,042,031.89

During the year, 1,898 new post-offices were established, and 479 were discontinued. 3,850 postmasters were appointed in consequence of resignations; 225 in consequence of deaths; 182 for changes of sites of the offices; 1,898 to new offices; 2,412 by removals; in all, 8,567.

* September 30, 1853, there were in operation 202 railroad routes; aggregate length 13,410 miles; cost of mail transportation thereon, $1,645,432.33, or at the rate of $120.26 per mile of road: adding pay of mail passengers, route and local agents, the whole expense was $1,869,264.78, or $139.386 per mile of road.

At the same time the average cost of steamboat service was $34.45 per mile of route; coach service, $ 22.88 per mile of road; and modes not specified, $7.86 per mile.

†This service is paid partly by the Post-Office Department and partly by the Navy Department. See page 168.

2. Table of Mail Service for the Year ending June 30, 1853.*

Annual Transportation.

In
specified. Coaches. Steamboat. Railroad.

Miles.

States.

Total,. Route and local agents and mail

messengers, Foreign mails,

Total,.

Length
of

routes. Mode not In

Miles. Miles. Miles.
4,672 1,981

1,821

634

2,448

752

3,182

413

973

225

661

1,834

14,989

2,746

12,223

512

2,626 13,509

13,455

8,863

6,113

9,446

3,938

6,303 3,335

9,643

7,631

8,659 226,402

6,226

893

6,528

203

1,330

8,004

9,142

6,422

4,025

5,641

1,586

T60 134,253

2,419

856

1,152

840

94

586

5,527

1,511

4,921

309

679

3,815

2,333

1,881

510

920

722

1,344

1,466

4,225

2,121

1,497

3,470

179

1,807

1,839

1,394

916

363

391

1,087

519

910

177

52,780

$ 272 1,648,604 57,141 301 694,560 29,939 544 1,053,641 60,958 1,104 2,332,880 137,540 94 217,672 12,446 587 1,092,853 67,742 2,018 7,975,196 480,671 342 1,256,192 80,270 774 4,280,756 241,363 187,200 9,730 617 1,399,216 190,928 1,443 4,445,016 399,350 715 3,402,390 222,553 249 2,143,648 181,368 588 1,575,850 134,519 927 2,444,790 223,460 512,930 67,308

591 1,943,678 139,081 357 2,093,491 108,116 369 3,244,592 194,952 1,146,639 56,793 970,996 42,579 2,675,464 158,229 94,196 2,633 94 3,555,132 217,202 221 1,870,492 96,137 131 2,200,848 196,172 59 1,431,694 135,896 1,039,792 89,081 18 879,632 97,569 1,334,374 144,161 585,806 143,214 108,274 45,522 29,080 28,600

24,968

2,695

12,415 61,892,542 4,495,968

233,057

268,512 555,064

12,415 62,161,054 5,284,089

52,780

*The entire service and pay are set down to the State under which the route is numbered, though extending into other States, instead of being divided among the States in which each portion of it lies.

+ The Baltimore, Wilmington, and Philadelphia Railroad is under a Maryland number. This embraces the steamboat service from St. Louis to New Orleans.

§ This embraces the steamboat service from Louisville to Cincinnati and from Louisville to New Orleans.

This includes the route from New Orleans to Mobile.

T This is for service from Panama to Aspinwall, performed by the Panama Railroad Company, at a stipulated price per trip, according to the weight of the mail, and which varies from year to year. The cost of this service for the year ending June 30, 1853, was $85,314.

3. Number of Post-Offices, Extent of Post-Routes, and Revenue and Expenditures of the Post-Office Department; with the Amount paid to Postmasters and for Transportation of the Mail, since 1790.

*The returns for 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, and 1851 are for the six years under the law of March 3, 1815. Those for 1852 and 1853 are for the two years under the new law