men, and in their rout more than one Southern writer finds the beginning of the Confederate defeat on this western side of the field. At almost the same hour that McGhee fell, General Marmaduke made his last great stand along the Blue river in the endeavor to hold back General Pleasanton's men. Bullets sown like pebbles in the fields and gardens, some 1,500 feet north of the north line of Swope park and along the line of what is now Elmwood avenue, mark the spot where the brigades charged up the slope in the face of a withering fire from the men in gray behind the fences and log cabins that stood in the timber along the crest. A log cabin that stood until 1895 was estimated to bear the marks of 5,000 bullets, received in this engagement. Colonel E. F. Winslow was shot down as he tried to force his men on, and turned over his command to Lieutenant Colonel F. W. Benteen. Ex-Governor T. T. Crittenden, at the time commanding the Seventh Missouri Federal cavalry, was severely wounded and left on the field when his men finally advanced. The charge itself, that gathered the whole federal force and hurled it up the hill until even General Marmaduke's men could no longer hold their ground, was thus practically under the command of Colonel John F. Philips, later United States federal judge for the Western district of Missouri, to whom Brown's brigade had been entrusted earlier in the day by General Pleasanton. With this collapse of the Confederate rear guard at the Blue river, Pleasanton's field guns were brought to bear on the already breaking ranks of the whole Confederate army before Westport, and under this joint attack in front and flank, General Price's men fell slowly but surely back from the vicinity of Kansas City and the battle drew rapidly to a close. A last desperate attempt at a stand, on an east and west line marked by the beautiful monument erected by the Daughters of the Confederacy in Forest Hill cemetery, was of no avail. Following the battle of Westport peace was restored in Kansas City. There was no more fighting in Missouri, although for many months the bushwhackers continued to make trouble. Kansas City began to revive. At the spring election in 1865, Patrick Shannon was elected mayor, the total vote of the city being 573. There was considerable excitement in town over the fact that one of the merchants, L. Hammerslough, received goods by rail from New York in eight days. The war was officially declared ended April 9, 1865, the men were mustered out of the army and returned to civic occupations. At that time the population of Kansas City was probably not over 3,500, but the town began at once to develop so that the census of 1870, taken five years later, showed that the population had increased more than 600 per cent. CHAPTER IX. THE NEW ERA. The country adjacent to Kansas City was in comparative peace at the beginning of 1865. Most of the bushwhackers who had infested the country and harassed local residents had gone south with General Sterling Price after his raid in 1864. It was evident that hostilities were drawing to a close and that so far as Kansas City's territory was concerned, there would be no more The people were left free to cast about and begin the work of repairing shattered fortunes and crippled business enterprises, and to prepare for the future. The population of the city had been reduced to about three thousand five hundred, the streets were out of repair, the houses were dilapidated and the brisk trade of earlier years was gone. The outlook was anything but encouraging. war. Leavenworth, Kansas City's formidable rival before the war, had been the headquarters of army operations in the struggle and had prospered while Kansas City suffered. Leavenworth had grown to be a city of about fifteen thousand population and had gained control of the trade with southern Kansas and part of the commerce with New Mexico and Colorado. Kansas City, at the close of the Civil war, appeared to be well nigh out of the race for commercial supremacy, and would have been so regarded except for the town's natural advantages and the fact that it was the terminus of the main line of the Union Pacific railroad that already was in operation to Lawrence, Kansas. These advantages gave hope to the dejected residents; they renewed the activities of earlier years and an era of wonderful development began. On the northwest corner of Missouri avenue and Main street, a small merchandise store was opened in 1863 by Mr. T. B. Bullene and his brother, Lathrop Bullene. Its entire force of employes consisted of but eight persons, and most of the merchandise was bought in St. Louis and brought up the Missouri river to Kansas City. Mr. W. E. Emery of New York became associated with this store in 1867, causing the firm name to be changed to Bullene Brothers and Emery. The little store was patronized and expanded with the city's growth until in January, 1870, it was moved to a new building on the corner of Main and Seventh streets. This was considered a large store for the size of the city. The building was three stories in height, had a frontage of twenty-eight feet upon Main street and ran through to Delaware street. In 1870, L. T. Moore came from Kentucky and purchased the interest of Mr. Lathrop Bullene and was taken in as a partner. The firm name became Bullene, Moore & Emery. Mr. L. R. Moore, brother of L. T. Moore, |