NOTES.

NOTE 1, page 5.

Winnepurkit, otherwise called George, Sachem of Saugus, married a daughter of Passaconaway, the great Pennacook chieftain, in 1662. The wedding took place at Pennacook (now Concord, N. H.), and the ceremonies closed with a great feast. According to the usages of the chiefs, Passaconaway ordered a select number of his men to accompany the newly-married couple to the dwelling of the husband, where in turn there was another great feast. Some time after, the wife of Winnepurkit expressing a desire to visit her father's house, was permitted to go accompanied by a brave escort of her husband's chief men. But when she wished to return, her father sent a messenger to Saugus, informing her husband, and asking him to come and take her away. He returned for answer that he had escorted his wife to her father's house in a style that became a chief, and that now if she wished to return, her father must send her back in the same way. This Passaconaway refused to do, and it is said that here terminated the connection of his daughter with the Saugus chief.- Vide Morton's New Canaan.

NOTE 2, page 11.

This was the name which the Indians of New England gave to two or three of their principal chiefs, to whom all their inferior sagamores acknowledged allegiance. Passaconaway seems to have been one of these chiefs. His residence was at Pennacook.-Mass. Hist. Coll., vol. iii., pp. 21, 22. "He was regarded," says Hubbard, “as a great sorcerer, and his fame was widely spread. It was said of him that he could cause a green leaf to grow in winter, trees to dance, water to burn, &c. He was, undoubtedly, one of those shrewd and powerful men whose achievements are always regarded by a barbarous people

as the result of supernatural aid.

The Indians gave to

such the names of Powahs or Panisees."

"The Panisees are men of great courage and wisdom, and to these the Devill appeareth more familiarly than to others."-Winslow's Relation.

NOTE 8, page 16.

"The Indians," says Roger Williams, " have a god whom they call Wetuomanit, who presides over the household."

NOTE 4, page 19.

There are rocks in the River at the Falls of Amoskeag, in the cavities of which, tradition says the Indians formerly stored and concealed their corn.

NOTE 5, page 23.

The Spring God.-See Roger Williams's Key, &c.

NOTE 6, page 27.

"Mat wonck kunna-monee." We shall see thee or her no more.- Vide Roger Williams's" Key to the Indian Lan guage."

NOTE 7, page 28.

"The Great South West God."-See Roger Williams's "Observations," &c.

NOTE 8, page 31.

MOGG MEGONE, or Hegone, was a leader among the Saco Indians, in the bloody war of 1677. He attacked and captured the garrison at Black Point, October 12th of that year; and cut off, at the same time, a party of Englishmen near Saco River. From a deed signed by this Indian in 1664, and from other circumstances, it seems that, previous to the war, he had mingled much with the colonists. On this account, he was probably selected by the principal sachems as their agent, in the treaty signed in November, 1676.

NOTE 9, page 32.

Baron de St. Castine came to Canada in 1644. Leaving his civilized companions, he plunged into the great wilder

ness, and settled among the Penobscot Indians, near the mouth of their noble river. He here took for his wives the daughters of the great Modocawando-the most powerful sachem of the east. His castle was plundered by Governor Andros, during his reckless administration; and the enraged Baron is supposed to have excited the Indians into open hostility to the English.

NOTE 10, page 32.

The owner and .commander of the garrison at Black Point, which Mogg attacked and plundered. He was an od man at the period to which the tale relates.

NOTE 11, page 32.

Major Phillips, one of the principal men of the Colony. His garrison sustained a long and terrible siege by the savages. As a magistrate and a gentleman, he exacted of his plebeian neighbors a remarkable degree of deference. The Court Records of the settlement inform us that an individual was fined for the heinous offence of saying that "Major Phillips' mare was as lean as an Indian dog."

NOTE 12, page 33.

Captain Harmon, of Georgeana, now York, was, for many years, the terror of the Eastern Indians. In one of his expeditions up the Kennebec River, at the head of a party of rangers, he discovered twenty of the savages asleep by a large fire. Cautiously creeping towards them. until he was certain of his aim, he ordered his men to single out their objects. The first discharge killed or mortally wounded the whole number of the unconscicus ■leepers.

NOTE 13, page 33.

It was

Wood Island, near the mouth of the Saco. visited by the Sieur de Monts and Champlain, in 1603. The following extract, from the journal of the latter, relates to it. "Having left the Kennebec, we ran along the coast to the westward, and cast anchor under a small island, near the main-land, were we saw twenty or more natives. I here visited an island, beautifully clothed with a fine growth of forest trees, particularly of the oak and walnut; and overspread with vines, that, in their season.

produce excellent grapes.

We named it the island of Bacchus."--Les voyages de Sieur Champlain, Liv. 2, c. 8.

NOTE 14, page 33.

John Bonython was the son of Richard Bonython, Gent, one of the most efficient and able magistrates of the Colony. John proved to be "a degenerate plant." In 1635, we find, by the Court Records, that, for some offence, he was fined 40s. In 1640, he was fined for abuse toward R. Gibson, the minister, and Mary, his wife. Soon after, he was fined for disorderly conduct in the house of his father. In 1645, the "Great and General Court" adjudged “John Bonython outlawed, and incapable of any of his majesty's laws, and proclaimed him a rebel." [Court Records of the Province, 1645.] In 1651, he bade defiance to the laws of Massachusetts, and was again outlawed. He acted independently of all law and authority; and hence, doubtless, his burlesque title of "The Sagamore of Saco, which has come down to the present generation in the following epitaph:

"Here lies Bonython; the Sagamore of Saco,

He lived a rogue, and died a knave, and went to Hobomoko."

By some means or other, he obtained a large estate. In this poem, I have taken some liberties with him, not strictly warranted by historical facts, although the conduct imputed to him is in keeping with his general character. Over the last years of his life lingers a deep obscurity. Even the manner of his death is uncertain. He was supposed to have been killed by the Indians; but this is doubted by the able and indefatigable author of the history of Saco and Biddeford.-Part. I. p. 115.

NOTE 15, page 33.

Foxwell's Brook flows from a marsh or bog, called the 64 Heath," in Saco, containing thirteen hundred acres. On this brook, and surrounded by wild and romantic scenery, is a beautiful waterfall, of more than sixty feet.

NOTE 16, page 36.

Hiacoomes, the first Christian preacher on Martha's Vineyard; for a biography of whom the reader is referred o Lucrease Mayhew's account of the Praying Indians,

1726. The following is related of him: "One Lord's day after meeting, where Hiacoomes had been preaching, there came in a Powwaw very angry, and said, 'I know all the meeting Indians are liars. You say you don't care for the Powwaws;'-then, calling two or three of them by name, he railed at them, and told them they were deceived, for the Powwaws could kill all the meeting Indians, if they set about it. But Hiacoomes told him that he would be in the midst of all the Powwaws in the island, and they should do the utmost they could against him; and when they should do their worst by their witchcraft to kill him, he would without fear set himself against them, by remembering Jehovah. He told them also he did put all the Powwaws under his heel. Such was the faith of this good man. Nor were these Powwaws ever able to do these Christian Indians any hurt, though others were frequently hurt and killed by them."-Mayhew, pp. 6, 7,

c. 1.

NOTE 17, page 39.

"The tooth-ache," says Roger Williams in his observations upon the language and customs of the New England tribes, "is the only paine which will force their stoute nearts to cry." He afterwards remarks that even the Indian women never cry as he has heard "some of their men in this paine."

NOTE 18, page 41.

Wuttamuttata, "Let us drink." Weekan, "It is sweet.' Vide Roger Williams's Key to the Indian Language, “in that parte of America called New England.' 1643, p. 35.

NOTE 19, page 42.

Lordon,

Wetuomanit a house god, or demon. They-the Indians have given me the names of thirty-seven gods, which I have, all which in their solemne Worships they invocate! R. Williams's Briefe Observations of the Customs, Manners, Worships, &c., of the Natives, in Peace and Warre, in Life and Death: on all which is added Spiritual Observations, General and Particular, of Chiefe and Special use-upon all occasions-to all the English inhabiting these parts; yet Pleasant and Profitable to the view of all Mene. p. 110, c. 21.