the way of this principle; and hence it is intelligible to say that however much medicine may effect in removing impediments to health, nature alone can heal. As applied to the soul diseased with guilt, we fully appreciate the same general doctrine; and it confirms our theological conviction to find so strong an analogical proof as the treatise before us presents. The author is eminent among medical men; is an authority in medical matters; and may be trusted for all his statements of fact. The "profession" will be slow to acknowledge the soundness of his conclusion; for every "profession" is conservative, and dislikes innovation. Yet, to Sir John Forbes is attributed a great reformation in the drugging system-a sufficient proof that his opinions even are entitled to respect.

13. Personal History of Lord Bacon. From Unpublished Papers. By William Hepworth Dixon. Boston: Ticknor & Fields. 1861. Pp. 424.

This is an attempt, in part successful, to relieve Lord Bacon of the odium which for two centuries has tarnished his reputation. The great merit of the philosoper, and, in part, the statesman, has compelled the world to respect a name which ordinarily must have sunk under the load of obloquy traditionally and historically resting upon it. Mr. Dixon acts the part of a zealous pleader. He explains, apologises, palliates, and excuses with a shrewdness which evidently convinces himself, however it may prove with his less heated readers. He has certainly labored to master his subject, and has brought forth much new and interesting matter pertaining alike to Bacon and his contemporaries. We may regret that he shows less skill in arranging his book than in shaping his argument. He is often a compiler where he should be author. Much of his matter could be compressed to the convenience of the reader. But comparatively, these are slight faults. A really fresh work on so great a theme as the personal history of Bacon, with any degree of success in effacing the blots upon his great fame, will secure for Mr. Dixon the gratitude of all appreciative readers.

14. Twelve Sermons: Delivered at Antioch College. By Horace Mann. Boston: Ticknor & Fields. 1861.

The example of Dr. Arnold, of sainted memory, was potent on the not less good Horace Mann. No one can read the humblest discourse of the Rugby teacher, without feeling the glow of his affection for his pupils; no one can read a discourse in the volume before us, without sympathising with the devotedness to his youthful charge, which warmed the heart of the late lamented

head of Antioch College. Though never formally ordained, Mr. Mann was by nature and by grace a preacher. If in some particulars he lacked the geniality so conspicuous in the pioneer of Rugby, he exhibited a mastery of moral themes, and has given a logical, vigorous treatment of them, such as his English prototype never evinced. The Twelve Sermons, on such topics as the Being, the Character and the Law of God; Sin; Temptation; Retribution; and Immortality, will do hardly less towards redeeming the sermon from the odium of dulness than the masterly and fascinating discourses of Robertson.

15. History of the United Netherlands: from the Death of William the Silent to the Synod of Dort. With a Full View of the English-Dutch Struggle against Spain, and the Origin and Destruction of the Spanish Armada. By John Lothrop Motley, LL.D., D. C. L. Vols. I. II. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1861. pp. 532, 563.

These two volumes (the whole work will comprise four) embrace a period of but six years, namely, from 1584 to 1590. A short period if counted by years; a long period if counted by its results as affecting the liberties of mankind. Says Mr. Motley in his Preface: "History has few so fruitful examples of the dangers which come from superstition and despotism, and the blessings which flow from the maintenance of religious and political freedom, as those afforded by the struggle between England and Holland on the one side, and Spain and Rome on the other, during the epoch which I have attempted to describe. It is for this reason that I have thought it necessary to reveal, as minutely as possible, the secret details of this conspiracy of king and priest against the people, and to show how it was baffled at last by the strong self-helping energy of two free nations combined." The destruction of the Spanish Armada belongs to that class of events which includes the struggles of Marathon, Yorktown, Waterloo and all the crises on which the destiny of the world for the time depended. The story has been often told; but never so well, never with such dramatic effect, never with such an appreciation of the spiritual issues involved, never with so exhaustive a portrayal of the antecedent and collateral events, as by Mr. Motley. It is saying much to say that our author, in point of rhetoric, has improved upon his former volumes on the Dutch Republic. It slightly marred the pages of that work, that the art of the rhetorician was sometimes too obvious. In the two volumes named above, this fault almost entirely disappears. The simplicity of the style is hardly second to its beauty. The mantle of Prescott has worthily fallen upon the shoulders of Motley.

16. Currents and Counter-Currents in Medical Science. With Other Addresses and Essays. By Oliver Wendell Holmes. Boston: Ticknor & Fields. 1861. pp. 406.

The public were not surprised, nineteen years ago, when Dr. Holmes made a determined assault upon Homœopathy; for he was professionally an antagonist of that form of practice. They were surprised a year ago, when he at least seemed to be almost as unqualified in opposition to the old practice, with which, as an instructor, he has been long associated. As we read the address, "Currents and Counter-Currents," in the book before us, we are convinced that his invectives against the old practice are much less unqualified than we had supposed. His position is simply this: There is a presumption against the use of poison as a remedy for disease. It is not to be taken for granted that a mineral will heal because it is a poison. Reasons may exist strong enough to overcome the presumption; in very many cases such reasons do exist; but in every case calling for practice, the reasons must be obvious-they must never be assumed. The notion that poison is a remedy for the sick, because to the healthy it is a poison, he regards as the root-fallacy of homeopathy. To the old-school theory Dr. Holmes is still loyal. As respects the merits of the question involved, we shall venture no opinion, for we have none to venture. We know it is common for persons quite as incompetent to form a judgment on the subject as ourselves, to dogmatise learnedly on the respective claims of the various theories of medical practice. We know cases in which persons who can scarce read their own names in print, assume to solve medical problems with a conclusiveness that would excite the wonder of the "profession," if it did not more potently move its derision. We are content, however, to leave these problems with those whose education and experience best qualify them to judge. Certainly, if education and experience fail to decide wisely, ignorance can hardly claim to act as an umpire. We shall carefully re-read what Dr. Holmes brings before us in the handsomely printed volume, the title of which is given above.

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Art. IX. THE MAN CHRIST JESUS AS A TEACHER,

Art. X.-A GLANCE AT THE ARENA,

Art. XI.-THE RESURRECTION

Art. XII.-HALE'S NINETY DAYS' WORTH OF EUROPE,
Art. XIII.-THE EXISTENCE OF MORAL EVIL NOT INCOM-

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