Supreme Court. (See Court and Judiciary.) Suits at common law proceedings in (7th amendment).......... Territory or public property, Congress may make rules con- the supreme law...... Treason, defined......... two witnesses, or confession, necessary for convic- punishment of, may be prescribed by Congress....... 3 3 Treasury, money drawn from, only by appropriation...... States cannot make............ 1 9 3 3 71 88 39 1 43 3 3 9 2 6 1 1 10 V Vacancies happening during the recess may be filled tempo- in representation in Congress, how filled............................ Veto of the President, effect of, and proceedings on........ the duties of President............ 2 1 6 41 2 1 7 1 36 W War, Congress to declare......... 1 8 10 38 Warrants for searches and seizures, when and how they shall Witness, in criminal cases, no one compelled to be, against ORIGINAL RULES AND ARTICLES OF WAR. IN CONGRESS-September 20, 1776. Revolted, That from and after the publication of the following articles, in the respective armies of the United States, the rules and articles by which the said armies have heretofore been governed,' shall be, and they are hereby repealed. SECTION 1.2 ARTICLE 1. That every officer who shall be retained in the army of the Unitesi States, shall, at the time of his acceptance of his commission, subBribe these rules and regulations. ART 2 It is earnestly recommended to all officers and soldiers diligently to attend divine service: and all officers and soldiers who shall behave indecently, or irreverently, at any place of divine worship, shall, if commisse med fivera, be brought before a general court-martial, there to be puby and severely reprimanded by the president; if non-commissioned ers or soldiers, every person so offending shall, for his first offence, fest onesixth of a dollar, to be deducted out of his next pay; for the 1 offence, he shall not only forfeit a like sum, but be confined for twenty-four hours; and, for every like offence, shall suffer and pay in like marver, which money, so forfeited, shall be applied to the use of the sick 1ers of the troop or company to which the offender belongs. ART. 3. Whatsoever non-commissioned officer or soldier shall use any profane oath or execration, shall incur the penalties expressed in the fore g article; and if a commissioned officer be thus guilty of profane erg or swearing, he shall forfeit and pay, for each and every such e two-thirds of a dollar. ART 4. Every chaplain who is commissioned to a regiment, company, tres, garrison, and shall absent himself from the said regiment, company tra to or garrison, (excepting in case of sickness or leave of absence) he trought to a court-martial, and be fined not exceeding one month's bas jew the loss of his pay, during his absence, or be discharged, as tz esa, i ewurt-martial shall judge most proper. SECTION II AAT. 1. Whatsoever officer or soldier shall presume to use traitorous or disrespectful words against the authority of the United States in Congress · Kom uts ns of 30th June and 7th November, 1775. *Ţ con rave and articles, with their supplements, were adopted for the army of the Teted maten under the constitut, n, and remained in force till 1×06, when they pure repealed and supplied by sec. 3, chap. 26, April 10, 1806 grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb: nor shall be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. ARTICLE VI. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence. ARTICLE VII. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. ARTICLE VIII. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX. The enumeration in the constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. ARTICLE X. The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. ARTICLE XI. The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted. against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state. ARTICLE XII.1 1 The electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President; and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate; the President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote: a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of chore shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disality of the President. 1 See article ii. section 1, clause 3. Citizens of each State shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States....... Claims, no prejudice to certain...................................... Art. Sec. Par. Page 44 of the United States, or of the several States, not to be Coasting trade, regulations respecting.......... regulations respecting, to be equal and uniform... may alter the regulations of State legislatures con- 1 9 5 39 1 1 8 5 37 8 3 37 1 9 5 39 2 2 3 42 1 officers of government cannot be members of......... may invest the appointment of inferior officers in 2 3 may establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court.. 3 ............. to assent to the formation of new States.......... convention ....... 188 00 1 44 1 45 1 37 2 87 8 3 37 to establish uniform laws of bankruptcy and natu ralization............ 1 8 4 37 to coin money, regulate the value of coin, and fix a to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court 8 9 38 ∞ ∞ ∞ 8 7 37 8 8 37 1 8 10 38 |