West feels her growing power and weight in the Union; and the Atlantic states begin to learn, that the sceptre must one day depart from them. If, under these circumstances, the Union should once be broken up, it is impossible, that a new constitution should ever be formed, embracing the whole Territory. We shall be divided into several nations or confederacies, rivals in power and interest, too proud to brook injury, and too close to make retaliation distant or ineffectual. Our very animosities will, like those of all other kindred nations, become more deadly, because our lineage, laws, and language are the same. Let the history of the Grecian and Italian republics warn us of our dangers. The national constitution is our last, and our only security. United we stand; divided we fall.

§ 1907. If these Commentaries shall but inspire in the rising generation a more ardent love of their country, an unquenchable thirst for liberty, and a profound reverence for the constitution and the Union, then they will have accomplished all, that their author ought to desire. Let the American youth never forget, that they possess a noble inheritance, bought by the toils, and sufferings, and blood of their ancestors; and capable, if wisely improved, and faithfully guarded, of transmitting to their latest posterity all the substantial blessings of life, the peaceful enjoyment of liberty, property, religion, and independence. The structure has been erected by architects of consummate skill and fidelity; its foundations are solid; its compartments are beautiful, as well as useful; its arrangements are full of wisdom and order; and its defences are impregnable from without. It has been reared for immortality, if the work of man may justly aspire to such a title. It may, nevertheless, perish in an hour by the folly, or corruption, or

negligence of its only keepers, THE PEOPLE. Republics are created by the virtue, public spirit, and intelligence of the citizens. They fall, when the wise are banished from the public councils, because they dare to be honest, and the profligate are rewarded, because they flatter the people, in order to betray them.

AMENDMENTS OF CONSTITUTION, how made

APPEAL, Nature and Effect of

iii. 412, 414

iii. 418, 419

iii. 519-525

iii. 519-525

iii. 685-690

iii. 626-651

APPELLATE JURISDICTION. (See JUDICIARY) iii. 572, 576, 626 – 651

APPOINTMENTS, to office by president, and senate

By congress, and heads of

departments

When discretionary in con-

gress

When complete

When the party is in office
In case of vacancies

APPORTIONMENT, of Representatives

iii. 372-386

iii. 354, 382-386

iii. 354, 382-386

iii. 397-408

iii. 408, 409
iii. 409-412

ii. 103-114. 137-158

for Internal Improvements

ARMY AND NAVY, power to create and regulate
ARREST of Members of Congress
ARTS AND SCIENCE, Promotion of

ATTAINDER, Prohibition of Bills of, by congress

ii. 420, 462-465

iii. 64, 213, 214
iii. 149-153
iii. 746
iii. 64-80
iii. 318-325

iii. 48-52
iii. 209-211

iii. 238, 239
iii. 169-173

ト

BILLS OF EXCHANGE, Purchase of, by U. States
BORROW MONEY, Power of congress to

C.

CANALS AND ROADS, Power of congress as to
CAPITATION TAX, Power to lay

CAPTURES, Regulation of

CAROLINAS, Origin and Settlement of

CASES, What are within the judicial power

CENSUS, when to be taken

CESSIONS, for Seat of Government

for Forts, Arsenals, &c.

of Foreign Territory.

CHARTER Governments, what

CHARTERS, Whether contracts, protected by con-

iii. 227-237

iii. 153

ii. 503, 504

ii. 149-153

ii. 424-458, 462

iii. 59-64

i. 117-128

iii. 499-519

ii. 103, 114-118

iii. 101-103

iii. 103-108

iii. 156-161

i. 145, 146

Prohibition upon the States

COLONIES, AMERICAN, Origin and Settle-

i. 142-165. 171-176

i. 171, 172

COLUMBIA, District of

Taxes in

Legislation in

COMMERCE, Power of congress to regulate

(See TAXES)

Foreign

Domestic

with Indians

Exclusive power in Congress

Encouragement of Manufactures

COMMON LAW IN COLONIES, Introduction of

COMMON DEFENCE, Taxes for

iii. 96-101

iii. 462-469

iii. 102-108

ii. 503-543

ii. 510

ii. 510

ii. 510, 539-541
ii. 512

iii. 519-538

i. 132-137, 141

ii. 366, 368, 429, 444, 458

COMPENSATION (See PRESIDENT, JUDGES)

for Property taken for Public uses

CONTEMPTS OF CONGRESS, how punishable
CONTEMPTS OF COURTS, punishable
CONFEDERATION, Origin and Formation of

Articles of

Decline and Fall of

iii. 490-498

iii. 656-661

iii. 298, 305-317

iii. 650

i. 209-216

i. 217-223

i. 224-252