selfish, a dishonest man, he would have done this: but he was too unselfish, too honest, too faithful to his interior convictions, his sense of duty, and the leadings of Providence to shrink from his work, though it might lead to ignominy and martyrdom.

Outlawed by the British Government, whose cruisers covered the seas, and who searched for him in vessels in which it was supposed he had taken passage, Mr. PAINE returned with difficulty to the United States, in 1802. Outlawed by the priesthood, and pious people of this country, he lived in New York and its vicinity seven years, in comparative obscurity and isolation, suffering in age, disease, and loneliness, all the calumnies that a fanatical malice could heap upon him, and an ingratitude, for which it belongs to us to make a tardy, but sincere reparation. He died at the age of 72, in a firm belief in the principles he had held through his life, and, of consequence, in the assured hope of a blessed immortality beyond the grave. Such was the life, and such the character and doctrines of this

man.

Had he been less honest, less philanthropic, less entitled to the admiration and gratitude of mankind, the whole world would have sung his praises; and we should not have been required to demand of a creed-darkened age, JUSTICE TO THE MEMORY OF THOMAS PAINE.

And there shall be justice, honor, and immortality to the memory of this man, when the names of some to whom Peans are now shouting, shall be lost in oblivion. When the tyrants and despots of mankind are no more feared; when king-craft and priest-craft are no more honored; when usurpation and oppression, bigotry and superstition, the frauds of the crafty and the plunderings of the powerful, no longer spread ignorance, poverty, vice, and misery over the earth, then will free, enlightened men do justice to the memory of THOMAS PAINE. And no true justice can be done to him, until we come to the realization of the principles he taught. We honor a conqueror, when the conquest is achieved. We celebrate a triumph when the victory is won. The heroes of American Independence, who were satisfied with that achievement, have received the honor awarded by a grateful country. But the greater work, and t nobler ambition of this man of principles, is yet to be accomplishe

It is the future that will witness his triumph, and from the future will come his full reward.

It was not enough for him that America was free-he asked the freedom of universal man. It was not enough that victory perched upon the starry banner of the new republic; wherever the flag of freedom was unfurled, there was his post of duty. His country was the world; his sympathies were with the oppressed of every land; his great heart would have given freedom, hope, and happiness to all mankind.

When man shall be free from the rule of despots and despotic institutions; free from the chains of superstition and the terrors of religious proscription; free from the creeds, and bigotries, and fanaticism of the ages of ignorance and credulity; free from intolerance, injustice, and oppression of every kind, then will the life, and thought, and character of THOMAS PAINE be understood, and his memory duly honored.

Let us do our duty as bravely, as earnestly, as unselfishly, as unflinchingly as he did his. Let us honor the memory of this heroic man by living the principles he taught; by resisting every oppression and injustice, and ceasing to be oppressive and unjust. It is by giving vitality to the principles of a man that we pay the the highest honor to his memory.

The time is coming when the true reformers of mankind shall be honored as they deserve. America will repent of her ingratitude. She will rise above the mists of error that have obscured her vision. Free from the bondage of a foreign yoke, she will throw off the shackles that fetter her mind and heart; and when she has comprehended a true, integral freedom, that recognizes every right of humanity, she will be ready to do the justice we demand. The historian who writes for that future will record the services of THOMAS PAINE. On the roll of fame which that future shall emblazon, no name of the past shall brighten with a clearer luster, in the constellation of heroic benefactors, his star shall shine, immortal as his Principles. "And the "COMMON SENSE" of mankind shall triumph in the "CRISIS" of this great contest for universal freedom; and THOMAS PAINE shall find justice, when an "AGE OF REASON" shall inaugurate the "RIGHTS OF MAN!"

ADDRESS OF F. HASSAUREK, ESQ.

MR. PRESIDENT

A LITTLE flock of snow begins to roll from the top of the mountain; rolling, it augments and waxes greater and greater, till it becomes that formidable mass, which precipitates itself into the dale, sweeping along with it the animals of the forest and the shepherd of the Alps, breaking off the heaven-kissing oak and the mighty rock, burying finally the cottages at the foot of the mountain, and carrying death to the unfortunate peasant, who was not aware of the danger, which rapidly hastened to his ruin. And yet this tremendous, irresistibly destroying mass was, in its beginning, a little flock of

snow.

Such is the course of Truth. centuries in the minds of a few. aroused against it. A hundred times it may be put down by the brutal force of despotism or succomb to the slanders, calumnies, and persecutions of ignorance and bigotry. Unfortunate will be the fate of those who dare to proclaim it to a benighted world. But, sir, like that little flock of snow, it waxes and waxes-it gains one inch of ground after the other, it enlightens the heads and electrifies the hearts of men, till it becomes an irresistible power, sweeping every thing before it, and annihilating the impotent knaves who undertake to resist it. Lies may triumph a thousand times-it is not forevertruth will and must prevail. The chariot of history is forward bound, and forward it goes in spite of all delays, crushing the holy or unholy hands of those who try to take hold of its spokes.

Solitary and alone, it may live for
The prejudices of the masses are

We are assembled here to-night, to witness the mighty progress of truth. There was a time, not long ago, when the name of THOMAS PAINE was only heard, if some priestly bigot used it in a sermon, to cover it with cursing, slander, and abuse. There was a time, when the friends of THOMAS PAINE had to go to a private room and to close the doors behind them, if they intended to celebrate his birth-day. There was a time, when it was considered an evidence of the utmost depravity, to sympathize with his views and principles. There was a time, when in a city like Cincinnati, you would not have found a dozen, or perhaps not half a dozen of men, who had the moral courage to avow that they were PAINE men. But, sir, I say it with a rejoicing heart, this time has passed away. Amidst the night of superstition we see the morning dawn of the "Age of Reason."

The times have changed. We now see the birth-day of THOMAS PAINE celebrated by a vast and respectable concourse of people. We hear the roaring of the cannon, echoing a national salute on that solemn occasion. We see thinking men of all classes, willing to do justice to the memory of a man, to whom this republic is indebted more than to any other for its liberty. We see many who do warmly sympathize with the principles of that noble Apostle of Freedom, whose motto it has been, "the world is my country, to do good my religion."

Sir, it is with feelings of gratitude, that every friend of this country should remember the name of THOMAS PAINE. You all know that even in the year 1775, but a few men in the colonies thought of independence, and even those few did not dare to speak out their sentiments. The people in general did yet adhere to the crown, notwithstanding the wrongs they had suffered from it; they were proud to be citizens of Great Britain, and only to maintain their rights as such, they had taken up arms against the mother country. But still they tried every means to bring about a reconciliation. Still they relied on the fairness of the king and did not dream of dissolution. But, sir, when the last petition of Congress was even refused an answer by the crown; when a foreign legion was enlisted to force the colonists to an unconditional surrender; then a general terror pervaded their minds-nobody knew what steps to take, what course to pursue. Amidst this general confusion and helplessness, a little pamphlet appeared, which, like a sudden lightning, flashed up in the minds of the people, and at once pointed out

the only way on which they had to resolve for the maintenance of their safety, the preservation of liberty, and the acquisition of happiness and grandeur. Till now they were Britons-this pamphlet with the irresistible power of truth, taught them to be Americans. This immortal pamphlet was the "Common Sense" of THOMAS PAINE. Its consequence was the Declaration of American Independence.

And, Sir, when at the end of the year 1776, the American army was defeated at Long Island; when General Washington was forced to retreat to New York, leaving Fort Washington and Fort Lee in the hands of the enemy; when even the most courageous began to falter, when company after company disbanded, and the people were about to give up all hopes of final success; at that dark hour of trial a little tract appeared headed "The Crisis,” signed "Common Sense," and beginning with those memorable words: "These are the times that try men's souls." And so wonderful was the effect of that tract, that the old enthusiasm was instantly revived. The deserting soldiers hastened back to their colors, the disbanded legislators of New York assembled again, and a new strength of resistance pervaded the people. The effect of that tract was the defeat of the British army. And whenever the battle's fortune changed, whenever the soldiers began to flinch, THOMAS PAINE wrote another number of the "Crisis," thus inflaming the patriots to new deeds of heroism. So we can justly say,

Without the pen of THOMAS PAINE,
WASHINGTON'S sword had fought in vain.

But, Sir, not only with the pen did he render services to the country of his choice, to liberty and to mankind; he also took the musket on his shoulder, enlisted himself into the army and fought the battles of freedom. And not only his life did he offer on the altar of American Independence, not only the emanations of his genius did he extend to the people, for he never took payment for any of his writings; yea, his money also, if he had some, was ready whenever material aid was needed. At the height of financial distress, when it was remarked in the Legislature of Pennsylvania by one of the members, that it would be best to give up the war, if