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distinguished surgeon came bustling in. The defeat of Mr. Clay was still keenly felt by the Whigs, though my generous and genial friend, McMichael, did not allow his hospitality to be less because I had opposed him. But Dr. McClellan could not restrain his feelings. He held Buchanan responsible for the vote of Pennsylvania, and, though most courteous to me, did not spare the Wheatland leader. We soon got over our little difference, however, and closed the controversy in a glass of wine. The Doctor possessed rare traits. Abounding in anecdote and information, he was an unrivaled wit and conversationalist. His son, Dr. J. H. B. McClellan, and his grandson, young Dr. George, both in fine practice in Philadelphia, have inherited his high professional skill and in a considerable degree his lively and vivacious nature.

There is a well-known physician in Washington, Dr. J. C. Hall, who relates many incidents of the public men he has attended in his long and brilliant experience. At the head of his profession, he has attained old age almost without an enemy. I know no man more universally beloved. A happy temperament, fine manners, and a thorough scholar, his sketches of the leading characters of other days would make a charming volume if he would write them out. Fond of polite literature and of cultivated people, he is almost out of practice, and may be said to live among his friends and his books. He, too, was an "Old-line Whig,” and shared the feelings, if not the prejudices, of Dr. McClellan, whom he knew and admired, especially as he was a graduate of Jefferson College, Philadelphia. Dr. Hall has known the leaders of both, in fact, of all the great parties, and was frequently consulted by them. He attended General Jackson on several occasions, though not his family physician. It is one of the Doctor's peculiarities that he does not trouble himself with money matters, and is careless about collecting his fees. Once, however, during a temporary absence, his clerk made out some bills, and among others sent one to the Presi

THE PRESIDENT AND THE DOCTOR.

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dent. On his return the Doctor found a note from General Jackson inclosing a check for the amount, deducting an old charge which had been called for and settled, and for which he held a receipt. The fact that the bill had been sent was not less a mortification to Dr. Hall than the error in the account itself. But on looking at the President's check he found that the General had forgotten to sign it! He therefore returned it, with the expression of his regret that the bill had been sent, and pointed out the General's omission. The check was duly signed and sent back inclosed in a note with this remark: "DEAR DOCTOR,-The best of men is liable to mistakes.

"ANDREW JACKSON."

Dr. Hall testifies to the old hero's kindness to all his people, especially to his servants. Once when the small-pox broke out among them, and nearly every body else fled, the President remained in the White House, and waited on black and white with unremitting attention.

Few physicians enter public life, though many of them are active politicians. They seem to prefer the field of science to the field of party. Yet there is no class capable of exercising more power. They are the depositories of many a sacred trust; and if they dared to relate what they know of the great ones they have attended in sickness and in their last hours, they would shed a wonderful light upon the characters of men and the mysteries of governments.

[October 1, 1871.]

XXXIX.

I was introduced to Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, grandson of the illustrious patriot of that name, at Barnum's Hotel, Baltimore, in the spring of 1855, and after a friendly conversation

upon public affairs he cordially invited me to visit his estate at Doughoregan Manor, in Carroll County, Maryland. There was something so sincere in his manner that I yielded to his wish, and one afternoon in July of the same year I took the cars for Ellicott's Station, in company with a young friend. When we reached it, on a bright moonlight night, we found a carriage waiting to convey us to the farm of the Hon. Edward Hammond, then a Representative in Congress, and the neighbor and confidential friend of Mr. Carroll. Mr. Hammond had been an invalid, and was confined to his room, but came forth and greeted us with an old-fashioned Southern welcome. A number of the young men of the vicinity came in on horseback to join our merry party, and it was very late when we retired. The next morning we passed over to see our host at Doughoregan Manor. He received us like a knight of the olden time. We found ourselves in the midst of a vast estate, into which all the modern improvements in agriculture had been introduced. He showed me a thousand acres devoted to the cultivation of corn, then in full leaf and tassel, promising a bounteous crop; he carried us through his slave-quarters, and when I remarked that this system could not last, he turned to me with an expression I shall ever remember, and said, “So far as I can help it, it shall not." He was a Catholic, like his great ancestor, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, who was born at Annapolis, September 20, 1737, and who died November 14, 1832, in his ninety-sixth year. He pointed out the exquisite marble effigies of his deceased relatives in the beautiful chapel, without seeming to think that he would soon be one of the occupants of that beautiful chamber of the dead. Of gentle, polished manners, handsome presence, large acquirements, and generous, even profuse hospitality, he was a type of the patriotic school of which his grandfather was one of the finest ideals. As a citizen of intrinsic and historic merit, an authentic sketch of his career may not be out of place:

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.Charles Carroll, grandson of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and son of Charles Carroll, of Homewood, and Harriet Chew, a daughter of the late Chief Justice Chew, of Pennsylvania, was born in Baltimore on July 25, 1801. He had one brother older than himself, who died in his infancy, and he remained an only son with four sisters.

The preparatory studies of Mr. Carroll were made at home under a tutor, from which he was sent to St. Mary's College, Baltimore, and afterward to Mount St. Mary's, Emmettsburg, in Maryland. In 1818, in company with his cousin, Charles Harper, a son of the late General Harper, he went to Europe under the charge of a tutor, and was placed at the College of St. Stanislaus, in Paris. He remained there until 1821, when he returned and entered Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. A few months before the graduation of his class, in 1823, owing to some difficulty with the professors, a large portion of that class was dismissed, and their degrees were not given to them for many years afterward.

Mr. Carroll, returning home, entered the law-office of the late General Harper, and in 1825 he married Mary Diggs Lee, granddaughter of the late Thomas Simon Lee, Governor of Maryland. At the death of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Mr. Carroll came into possession of the estate called Doughoregan Manor, which he held undivided until his death. A large number of slaves were bequeathed to him by his grandfather's will, and he set himself to work to renovate and improve the lands, which were considerably run down by being leased for long. terms of years.

He greatly improved the mansion-house and grounds, and succeeded in a very short time in bringing nearly the whole estate, consisting of two thousand acres, under prosperous cultivation.

For many years he was a Whig in political sentiment, and although always posted and taking a great interest in public

matters, he never held any position of political preferment, byt devoted his life to the development of his property for the benefit of his family. His slaves were always treated with that kindness and consideration which he felt was their due, and, having always professed the Catholic faith, their religious education was guarded with the same care as was that of his own family.

In 1860 an affection of the heart, from which he had long been disturbed, developed more fully, and in December, 1862, he died, devising his estate of Doughoregan Manor, and all the rest of his property, equally among his seven representatives. He left as heirs three sons and three daughters, and the infant children of a son who died a few months previous to himself. His views upon the subject of slavery are perhaps best set forth in his will, which is thus transcribed:

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I have always regarded slavery as a great evil, producing injury and loss in grain-growing States, but an evil for which we are not responsible who now hold slaves, considering that God in his wisdom placed them here and permitted them to be introduced. My experience and full convictions are that as long as we have that class of labor among us, they are as a mass better cared for and happier than if they were free and providing for themselves. I therefore give all my slaves to all my children, with these positive injunctions, that none of them shall ever be sold except among themselves, and except for those crimes for which they would be punishable by the laws of the State, or for gross insubordination. I also direct that they shall continue to have the advantages of the religious education they now receive, and that their morals and habits be watched over like those of children. It may hereafter be found advisable to remove them to the South to cultivate cotton, where the climate is more congenial to their health, while it removes them from the pernicious influence of the low whites, who now corrupt them. In this way they can be made profitable, and eventually

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