Commerce, Department of, 319.
Competition, Fair and Unfair: Ex-
presions by Democrats, 285, 324,
341, 342, 369, 393, 397, 422; by Re-
publicans, 309, 317, 475-476, 481;
by Progressives, 409.

Compromise, The Clayton, 116, 119.
The
Compromise,
Missouri:

See

"Missouri Compromise."
Compromise Measures of 1850: En-
actment of and provisions, 122-130;
Approved by Democrats in 1852,
133, and Whigs, 137; Condemned
by Free Soil party, 141; 145; 148;
by
Again approved
Democrats

(1856), 172-173.
Compulsory Arbitration, 457, 477, 499.
Conant, John A., 264.

Confederacy, The United States not
a, 254.

Confederate Pensions, 418.

"Confiscation of the lands of the
rebels," 207.

Congressional Caucus, The: Origin,

22, 35; Nominations by, 37, 38, 39,
40-41, 48-49; End of, 50-51; The
system condemned by the Clinton-
ian platform, 41.

Conkling, Roscoe: 229; Leads Grant
forces in Republican convention of
1880, 241; 270.

Conservation of Natural Resources:
Expressions by Republicans, 357,
386, 441, 483-484; by Democrats,
374-375, 400-401, 428; by Progres-
sives, 412.
Constitution, The:

Kentucky and
Virginia Resolutions on, 23-34;
Adoption of Twelfth Amendment,
38; Amendments proposed by Hart-
ford convention, 46-48; Missouri's
restrictions against negroes made
conformable to, 65-66; and slavery
permission, 67; "The Federal gov-
ernment is one of limited powers,
derived solely from the Constitu-
tion," and other expressions of
early Democratic platforms, 81-82,
93, 106-107, 109, 132, 134, 170-174,
191-192, 194; The Calhoun doctrine
that Constitution of its own force
carried slavery into the Territories,

102, 105, 124, 191-192, 198; Fugi-
tive Slave provisions of, 125; The
Abolition and Free Soil parties and
constitutional questions, 80, 85-89,
115-116, 140-143; Whig expres-
sions, 136-137, 182-183; Know-
Nothings, 165; Republican plat-
forms of 1856 and 1860, 179-181,
197-199; Constitutional Union party,
201.-Representative party expres-
sions since 1860: by Democrats,
208, 215, 216-217, 234, 256, 261, 265,
283, 284, 289-290, 298-300, 321, 322,
338-339, 343, 365-367, 392, 394; by
Republicans, 204, 205, 207 (Radical
Republicans), 221, 230, 231, 232,
243, 244, 245, 254-255, 270, 280, 318,
336, 357, 380-382, 436, 441, 469, 471,
474, 478; by Liberal Republicans,
225; by Populists, 292; by Progres-
sives, 405-406, 407; by Prohibition-
ists, 489, 492; by Farmer-Labor
party, 494, 495; by Socialists, 504,
505, 506.-Thirteenth, Fourteenth,
and Fifteenth amendments, party
expressions concerning, 204, 207,
211-212, 215, 221, 225, 230, 234, 270-
271, 279-280, 283-284, 309, 318, 336,
346, 357, 505.-Eighteenth (Prohi-
bition) amendment, 467, 488.-More
expeditious method of amending
favored by Progressives, 409;
Amendment proposed by William
J. Bryan concerning treaties, 468;
Amendments demanded by Social-
ists, 506.-The Constitution a su-
preme law and not a mere contract,
243; Constitution and the tariff,
284, 289-290, 392; and silver, 298;
follows the flag, 321.-See also "In-
come Tax," "President," "Senators,"
and "Woman Suffrage."
Constitutional Union Party, The:
Convention and platform in 1860,
200-201; Vote, 202.

Contempts in Federal Courts, 343,
371, 400.

Contract and Convict Labor, 289, 294,

317, 356, 408, 430, 432, 477, 499.
Coolidge, Calvin: 468; Nominated for
Vice-President by Republicans, 469,
and elected, 514.

Act, The, 455.
Corporations:

Administration

Grants of public
lands to, 222, 244, 253, 257, 260,
266, 272.-Representative party ex-
pressions concerning: by Republi-
cans, 317, 333-334, 336, 354, 382-
383, 439-440, 480-481; by Democrats,
248, 324-325, 341, 342, 366, 368, 393-
394, 397; by Populists, 290-291; by
Progressives, 408-410; by Farmer-
Labor party, 496-497; by Socialists,
504, 508-509.-See also "Anti-Trust
Laws," "Railroads," and "Trusts."
Corrigan, Charles H.: Nominated

for President by Socialist Labor
party, 348; Vote, 349.

Corruption: Various charges of, 238,
245, 257-258, 290-291, 339, 364, 366,
406, 466.

Cost of Living, The High, 384, 393,
411-412, 439, 453, 480, 498.
Cotton Futures Act, The, 428, 455.
Council of National Defense, The,
396.

Country Life Commission, 416.
Courts, The, 356, 371, 382, 399-400,

415, 495, 505; World Court, 436, 473.
Cowdrey, Robert H.: Nominated for
President by United Labor party,
276; Vote, 277.

Cox, James M.: Nominated for Presi-
dent by Democrats, 445-447; Vote,
514.

Cox, William W.:

Nominations by
Socialist Labor party, 348, 512, 514.
Cranfill, J. B., 295.

Crawford, William H., 48-49, 50, 51,
52.

Crittenden, John J., 201.

Cuba: Proposed annexation of, 148,
158, 192, 194; Expressions concerning
freedom of and subsequent condi-
tion, 302, 309, 315, 320, 322, 332-333,
359, 469.

Cummings, Homer S.: Presides over
Democratic convention of 1920, 445;

Votes for Presidential nomination,
445-446.

Cummins, Albert B., 380, 434.
Currency: See "Banks," "Financial,"
"Monetary Standard," and "Silver."
Curtin, Andrew G., 224.
Curtis, J. Langdon, 277.

Cushing, Caleb: Presides over Demo-
cratic conventions of 1860, 189, 193,
195.

DALLAS, GEORGE M.: Nominated
for Vice-President by Democrats, 92,
and elected, 97.

Daniel, John W., Presides over Demo-
cratic convention of 1896, 297.
Daniel, William, 264.

Danish Islands, The, 308.
Davis, David, 224, 227, 228.

Davis, Henry G.: Nominated for
Vice-President by Democrats, 338;
Vote, 349.
Davis, Jefferson:

111; on slavery
extension, 124-125; 191.
Davis, John, 90.

(1) Davis, John W.: Presides over
Democratic convention of 1852, 131.
(2) Davis, John W., Ambassador to
Great Britain: Votes for Demo-
cratic Presidential nomination in
1920, 445, 447.
Dayton, William L.:

Nomination for
Vice-President by Republicans, 178-
179, and vote, 188; 196.
Debs, Eugene V.: Nominations for
President by Socialists, and votes,
329, 330, 348, 349, 377, 378, 419,
420, 501, 514.

Debt, The National, 132, 206, 212,
215, 221.

Debts of the States, 82, 106, 170.
Democracy vs. Republicanism, Fun-

damental Differences, 361, 376.
Democratic Party, The: Historical
identity with the early Democratic-
Republican, or Republican, party,
18; Jackson's leadership and the
campaigns of 1828 and 1832, 53-58,
60, 73-74; Campaign of 1836, 75-76,
78; Campaign of 1840, 81-84; Cam-
paign of 1844, 91-97; Campaign of
1848, 104-110, 112, 117-118; Cam-
paign of 1852, 131-135, 144; Cam-

paign of 1856, 156-157, 168-176, 184-
188; Campaign of 1860, 189-196,
202; Campaign of 1864, 208-210;
Campaign of 1868, 214-219; Cam-
paign of 1872, 226-228; Campaign
of 1876, 233-239, 240; Campaign
of 1880, 246-249; Campaign of 1884,
255-263, 264; Campaign of 1888,
265-269, 277; Campaign of 1892,
282-290, 295-296; Campaign of
1896, 297-304, 312-313; Campaign
of 1900, 321-328, 329-330; Campaign
of 1904, 338-348, 349; Campaign of
1908, 363-376, 378; Campaign of
1912, 390-405, 420; Campaign of
1916, 421-434, 444; Campaign of
1920, 445-468, 514.
Democratic Principles, 169-170, 234,
256, 265-266, 298, 321, 338-339, 376.
Democratic-Republican Party, The,
17-18.-See "Republican Party, The
Early."

Demonetization of Silver, The, 299.
Dennison, William H.: Presides over
Republican convention of 1864, 203.
Denver: Democratic convention held
in, 363.

Department of Commerce, 319.

Department of Labor, 326, 372, 400,
416, 430, 456.

Depew, Chauncey M., 269.
Deportation of Aliens, 505.

Des Moines: Convention held in,
276.

Dickinson, Daniel S., 191, 203.

Dictator: President Wilson referred
to as a, 474.

Dictatorship of the Proletariat, 512.
Dingley Tariff Act, The, 319, 325,
332.

"Domestic Institutions," 107, 132, 172,
198.

Dominican Republic, The, 496.
Donelson, Andrew Jackson: Nomi-
nated for Vice-President by Know-
Nothings, 164, and Whigs, 182;
Vote, 188.

Donnelly, Ignatius, 328.

Doolittle, James R.: Presides over
Democratic convention of 1872, 226.
Douglas, Stephen A.: Connection
with measure to extend Missouri
Compromise line to the Pacific, 103;
Candidacy for Presidential nomi-
nation in Democratic convention of
1852, 131; Introduces the Nebraska
bills and leads in the repeal of the
Missouri Compromise, 149-152; de-
feated for Presidential nomination
in Democratic convention of 1856,
168; Candidacy for President in
1860, 191, 193, and defeat, 202.
Dow, Neal: Nominated for President
by Prohibitionists, and vote, 249.
du Pont, Coleman, 435, 468.
Dunn, I. J.: Resolution offered by
in Democratic convention of 1908,
363-364.

EARLE, THOMAS, 79.

Economy, 82, 90, 106, 132, 137, 170, 198.
206, 212, 215, 236, 268, 294, 365,
388, 441, 477.

Edmunds, George F., 241, 250, 251.
Education, 458, 486, 489, 500, 509.-
See also "Schools."

Edwards, Edward I., 445.

Eight-hour Law, The, 253, 295, 343,
355, 362, 372, 396, 408, 430, 456,
499.

Eighteenth Amendment, The, 467, 488.
Elections, Federal Control of, 247, 255,
257, 260, 270-271, 279-280, 283, 294,
309.
Electoral Commission, The, 240.
Electors, Presidential: Original
method of voting for President and
Vice-President, 19; Method changed
by Twelfth amendment, 38; Choice
of by Legislatures and change to
popular system, 56.
Ellington, C. H., 290.

Ellis, Seth W.: Nominated for Presi-
dent by Union Reform party, 329.
Ellmaker, Amos: Nominated for
Vice-President by Anti-Masonic
party, 69; Vote, 74.
Ellsworth, Oliver, 22.

Emancipation: Favored by Republi-
can platform of 1864, 204, 205.
Embargo: Proposed constitutional
amendments against, 47.

Emergency Currency Bill, The, 353,
354, 370.

Emigrant Aid Society, The New Eng-
land, 154.

Emmet, Robert: Presides over Re-
publican convention of 1856, 178.
Employers' Liability, 353, 355, 362,
372, 381, 386.-See also "Workmen's
Compensation."

Employes, Government, 355, 400, 407-
408, 429-430, 457, 466, 474-475, 499.
-See also "Labor."
English, William H.: Nominated for
Vice-President by Democrats in

1880, 247; Vote, 249.
"Entangling Alliances," 136, 254, 259,
280, 287, 327, 339.

"Equal pay for equal work,” 486, 499.
Equal Rights Conventions, 264, 276-

352, 361, 376, 406.

Equiponderance of the Sections, 119.
Era of Good Feeling, The, 50.
Erwin, John: Presides over Rich-
mond convention of Democrats in
1860, 196.

Esch-Cummins Act, The, 460, 481, 496.
Espionage Law, The, 502, 505.
Estee, Morris M.: Presides over Re-
publican convention of 1888, 269.
Evans, Samuel, 276.

Everett, Edward: Nominated for
Vice-President by Constitutional
Union party, 201; Vote, 202.
Ewing, Thomas, in Democratic con-
vention of 1876, 239.
Expatriation, The Right of, 213, 216,
221, 222, 232, 404, 417, 432, 438.

"FACTORY by the side of the farm,"
306.

Fairbanks, Charles W.: Presides over
Republican convention of 1896, 304;
Nominated for Vice-President by
Republicans, 331, and elected, 349;
434; Again nominated, 435-436, and
defeated, 444.

Family, The: The Socialists and,

510.

Farm Loan Banks, 385, 455, 456, 465,

476, 497.-See also "Rural Credits."
Farm Management Bureau, 455.
Farmer-Labor Party, The, 492-500.
Farmers, The: See "Agriculture."
Fassett, J. Sloat: Presides over Re-
publican convention of 1892, 278.
Federal Farm Loan System: See
"Farm Loan Banks."

Federal Reserve System, 421-422, 428,
450, 479.

Federal Trade Commission, 383, 422,
463, 481.

Federalist Party, The: Rise and de-
cline, 17-18; Successes at elections
of 1789-92-96, 20, 21, 22; Defeat
in 1800, 34-35; and Burr's ambition,
36-37; Nominations and vote in
1804, 39; in 1808, 39; in 1812, 41-
44; Discredited by the Hartford
convention, 44-48; End of at elec-
tion of 1916, 49; Reasons for un-
popularity, 55.

Fenton, Reuben E., 211.

Field, James G.: Nominated for Vice-
President by Populists, 290; Vote,
296.

Field, Stephen J., 246-247.

Fifteenth Amendment: See "Amend-
ments to the Constitution."
Fifty-four Forty or Fight, 94.
Fillmore, Millard: 90; Nominated
for Vice-President by Whigs, 110,
and elected, 118; Becomes Presi-
dent, 123; Signature of Fugitive
Slave bill, 130; Defeated in con-
test for renomination, 135-136;
Nominated for President in 1856 by
Know-Nothings and Whigs, 164,
182, 183-184; on Fremont's candi-
dacy, 186; Vote at election of 1856,

293, 299, 326, 370, 385, 397, 412,
421-422, 455, 479, 497, 504, 509;
Independent Treasury, 83, 107, 142,
171; Questions following the Civil
War, and resumption of specie pay-
ments, 206, 212, 215, 222, 223, 225-
226, 231, 235-236, 239, 242, 243,
247; The monetary standard, and
silver, 252, 259, 273, 279, 286, 291,
293, 298-300, 303-304, 305, 307, 310-
311, 316, 319, 325-326, 332, 334-335,
347-348; Emergency Currency, Al-
drich bill, and Federal Reserve sys-
tem, 353, 354, 370, 397, 412, 421-422,
428, 450, 479; Farm Loan banks,
385, 455, 456, 465, 476, 497; Na-
tional Banks, 300, 326, 370, 398.
Fisheries Question, The, 275.
Fisk, Clinton B.: Nominated for
President by Prohibitionists, 276;
Vote, 277.

Fitler, Edwin H, 269.
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin: Nominated
for Vice-President by Douglas
Democrats and declines, 193.
Flood Control, 387, 398-399, 413, 432-
433, 462.-See also "Rivers
Harbors" and "Waterways."
Florida, Cession of, 195.

and

for President, 74.

Food Control Act, The, 475.

Foraker, Joseph B., 350.

vote

Force Bills: See "Elections, Federal
Control of."

Ford, Henry, 434-435.
Foreign Propagandists, 424.
Foreign Relations and Policy: Ex-
pressions by Democrats, 93-95, 108,
134, 175, 192, 194, 216, 237, 248, 259,
261, 266, 287, 302, 322-323, 327, 340,
345, 372, 375-376, 404, 425-427, 431-
432, 447-449, 463, 467; by Republi-
cans, 181, 206, 213, 221, 222, 232,
244, 254, 274-275, 281, 308, 309, 319,
320, 335-336, 337, 358-359, 386-387,
436-437, 438, 471-474, 482; by
Whigs, 136-137; by Free Soil party,
143; by Liberal Republicans, 226;
by Progressives, 414, 417; by Prohi-

bitionists, 489; by Farmer-Labor
party, 495-496; by Socialists, 506,
511.-See "Expatriation," "Interna-
tional Arbitration,” “League of Na-
tions," "Mexico," and "Monroe Doc-
trine."
Foreigners:

See "Aliens," "Alle-
giance," "Asiatic Immigration,"
"Chinese Exclusion," "Expatria-
tion," "Immigration," and "Natur-
alized Citizens."

Forest Reserve Act, The, 401.
Forests: See "Conservation of Natu-
ral Resources."

Forty-Eighters, The, 492, 500.
Fourteenth Amendment: See "Amend-
ments to the Constitution."
Franking, 222.

Frauds: Various charges of, 245, 248,
255, 256-257, 271, 466.

Free Coinage of Silver: See "Silver."
Free Democrats, 113, 118, 139.
Free Ships, 248, 274.

Free Soil Party, The: Absorbs the
Abolition or Liberty party, 80; Or-
ganization in 1848 and first cam-
paign, 113-120; Nominations, plat-
form, and vote in 1852, 139-144; Its
fusions, 178.

Free States and Slave States in 1854,
147-148.

Free Trade: Democratic expression
concerning in 1856, 175.
Freedman's Bureau, The, 215.
Frelinghuysen, Theodore: Nominated
for Vice-President by Whigs, 90;
Vote, 97.

Fremont, John C.: 168; Nomination
for President by Republicans in 1856,
178-179, and vote, 188; 196; Nomi-
nated by Radical Republicans in
1864, and withdraws, 206.
Front Street Theater (Baltimore)
Democratic convention, 193.
Fugitive Slaves: Declarations by
Liberty party, 87, 88-89; Act of
1850, 123; Constitutional provision,
126; Stipulations and effects of act
of 1850, 126-130; Platform expres-
sions by Democrats, 133, 173, 192,
194; by Whigs, 137; by Free Soil
party, 140-141.