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vi
First Session at Springfield-Lincoln Re-elected in 1840-Partisan Remodeling
of the Supreme Court-Lincoln Declines Further Service in the Legislature--
His Position as a Statesman at the Close of this Period-Tribune of the People, 47
CHAPTER
VI.
Mr. Lincoln's Law Studies-His Perseverance under Adverse Circumstances-
Licensed to Practice in 1836-His Progress in his Profession-His Qualities as
an Advocate-A Romantic and Exciting Incident in his Practice-Reminiscence
of his Early Life-Secures an Acquittal in a Murder Case, in Spite of a Strong
Popular Prejudice Against the Prisoner Affecting Scene Mr. Lincolu
Removes to Springfield in 1837-Devotes Himself to his Profession, Giving up
Political Life-His Marriage-Family of Mrs. Lincoln-Fortunate Domestic Relations-His Children and their Education-Denominational Tendencies- Four Year's Retirement.....
CHAPTER VII.
Mr. Lincoln's Devotion to Henry Clay-Presidential Nominations of 1844-The
Campaign in Illinois-Mr. Lincoln makes an Active Canvass for Clay-John
Ca'houn the Leading Polk Elector-The Tariff Issue Thoroughly Discussed-
Method of Conducting the Canvass-Whigs of Illinois in a Hopeless Minority-
Mr. Lincoln's Reputation as a Whig Champion-Renders Efficient Service in
Indiana-Mr. Clay's Defeat, and the Consequences-Mr. Lincoln a Candidate for
Congressman in 1846-President Polk's Administration-Condition of the Coun-
try-Texas Annexation, the Mexican War, and the Tariff-Political Character
of the Springfield District-Lincoln Elected by an Unprecedented Majority-
His Personal Popularity Demonstrated.......
CHAPTER VIII.
The Thirtieth Congress-Its Political Character-The Democracy in a Minority
in the House-Robert C. Winthrop Elected Speaker-Distinguished Members in
both Houses-Mr. Lincoln takes his Seat as a Member of the House, and Mr.
Douglas for the first time as a Member of the Senate, at the same Session-Mr.
Lincoln's Congressional Record that of a Clay and Webster Whig-The Mexi-
can War-Mr. Lincoln's Views on the Subject-Misrepresentations-Not an
Available Issue for Mr. Lincoln's Opponents-His Resolutions of Inquiry in
Regard to the Origin of the War-Mr. Richardson's Resolutions Indorsing
the Administration-Mr. Richardson's Resolutions for an Immediate Dis-
continuance of the War-Are Voted Against by Mr. Lincoln-Resolutions
of Thanks to Gen. Taylor-Mr. Henley's Amendment, and Mr. Ashmun's Addi-
tion thereto-Resolutions Adopted without Amendment-Mr. Lincoln's First
Speech in Congress, on the Mexican War-Mr. Lincoln on Internal Improve-
ments-A Characteristic Campaign Speech-Mr. Lincoln on the Nomination of
Gen. Taylor; the Veto Power; National Issues; President and People; Wil-
mot Proviso; Platforms; Democratic Sympathy for Clay; Military Heroes and
Exploits; Cass a Progressive; Extra Pay; the Whigs and the Mexican War;
Democratic Divisions-Close of the Session-Mr. Lincoln on the Stump-Gen.
Taylor's Election-Second Session of the Thirtieth Congress-Slavery in the
District of Columbia-The Public Lands-Mr. Lincoln as a Congressman-He
Retires to Private life.......
CHAPTER IX.
Mr. Lincoln in Retirement for Five Years-Gen. Taylor's Administration-The
Slavery Agitation of 1850-The Compromise of Clay and Fillmore-The "Final
Settlement" of 1852-How, and by Whom it was Disturbed-Violation of the
Most Positive Pledges-The Kansas-Nebraska Bill-Douglas, the Agitator-
Popular Indignation and Excitement-Mr. Lincoln Takes part in the Canvass
of 1854-Great Political Changes-The Anti-Nebraska Organization--Springfield
Resolutions of 1854-Results of the Election-A Majority of Congressmen and
of the Legislature Anti-Nebraska-Election of United States Senator to Suc-
ceed Gen. Shields-Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Trumbull-A Magnanimous Sacrifice-
Mr. Trumbull Elected..
X.
The Republican Party Organized-Their Platform Adopted at Bloomington-The
Canvass of 1856-Mr. Lincoln Sustains Fremont and Dayton-His Active Labors
on the Stump-Col. Bissell Elected Governor of Illinois-Mr. Buchanan Inau-
gurated-His Kansas Policy-Mr. Douglas Committed to it in June, 1857-John
Calhoun his Special Friend-The Springfield Speech of Douglas-Mr. Lincoln's
Reply.......
62
68
72
119
127
CHAPTER XI.
The Lecompton Struggle-The Policy of Douglas Changed-He Breaks with the
Administration and Loses Caste at the South-Republican Sympathies-Douglas
Falters, but Upposes the English Bill-Passage of that Measure-Democratic
State Convention of Illinois-Douglas Indorsed, and Efforts for his Re-election
Commenced-The Democratic Bolt-Meeting of the Republican State Conven-
tion in June-Mr. Lincoln Named as the First and Only Choice of the Republi-
cans for Senator-His Great Speech Before the Convention at Springfield-Doug-
las and Lincoln at Chicago-Speeches at Bloomington and Springfield-Unfair
ness of the Apportionment Pointed Out by Mr. Lincoln-He Analyzes the
Douglas Programme-Seven Joint Debates-Douglas Produces a Bogus Plat-
form, and Propounds Interrogatories" Unfriendly Legislation "-Lincoln
Fully Defines his Position on the Slavery Question-Result of the Canvass-The
People for Lincoln; the Apportionment for Douglas-Public Opinion.................................. 141
CHAPTER XII.
Mr. Lincoln in Ohio-His Speech at Columbus-Denial of the Negro Suffrage
Charge-Troubles of Douglas with his "Great Principle "-Territories not
States-Doctrines of the Fathers-His Cincinnati Speech-" Shooting Over the
Line"-What the Republicans Mean to Do-Plain Questions to the Democracy-
The People Above Courts and Congress-Uniting the Opposition-Eastern Tour-
The Cooper Institute Speech-Mr. Bryant's Introduction-What the Fathers
Held--What will Satisfy the Southern Democracy-Counsels to the Republi-
cans-Mr. Lincoln Among the Children....
XIII.
The Republican National Convention at Chicago-The Charleston Explosion-
"Constitutional Union " Nominations-Distinguished Candidates Among the
Republicans-The Platform-The Ballotings-Mr. Lincoln Nominated-Unpar-
alleled Enthusiasm-The Ticket Completed with the Name of Senator Hamlin-
Its Reception by the Country--Mr. Lincoln's Letter of Acceptance-Result of the
Canvass -His Journey to Washington-Speeches at Springfield and Indianopolis. 190
PART II.
Commencement of President Lincoln's Administration-Retrospect and Sum-
mary of Public Events-Fort Sumter....
CHAPTER I.
CHAPTER II.
The Loyal Uprising-The Border Slave States-Summary of Events-Battle of
Bull Run.....
227
CHAPTER III.
Extra Session of Congress-President Lincoln's Message-Rebel Affairs at Rich-
mond........
CHAPTER V.
CHAPTER IV.
Military Reorganization-Resume of Events to the December Session of Con-
gress-Action in Regard to "Contrabands" and Slavery.
Military Events-Inaction on the Potomac-Western Campaign-Capture of New
Orleans...
............................................................... ................... .....
182
197
The President's Message, December, 1861-Proceedings of Congress-Emancipa-
tion-Confiscation-Messages and Addresses of Mr. Lincoln....................... ............................................. 293
CHAPTER VI.
254
274
320
Military Events in the East-The Peninsular Campaign.......
Campaign of the Army of Virginia-Withdrawal of the Army of the Potomac
from the Peninsula-First Invasion of Maryland-McClellan Superseded......... 384
A New Era Inaugurated-Emancipation-Message of the President-Last Session
of the Thirty-seventh Congress....
PART III.
CHAPTER X.
Summary of Military Movements in the West-Army of the Potomac-General
Hooker Superseded-Gen. Meade takes Command-Battle of Gettysburg........... 437
XI.
The Popular Voice in 1863-First Session of the Thirty-eighth Congress--Am-
nesty Proclamation-Message-Orders, Letters, and Addresses-Popular Senti-
ment in 1864-Appointment of Lieutenant General Grant-Opening of the
Military Campaigns of 1864-Conclusion....
451
A new Epoch of the War.-Lieutenant-General Graut in the East.-Campaign
of the Army of the Potomac from the Rapidan to Petersburg.-The Wilder-
ness.-Spottsylvania Court House.-The orth Anna.-Cold Harbor.-Across
the James.-Sheridan's Grand Raid.-Sigel and Hunter in the Shenandoah Val-
ley. The Army of the James.-Averill and Crook in South-western Virginia.-
Combined Armies before Petersburg..................................................
The Campaign in Georgia.—From Chattanooga to Marietta.-Early Movements
of Sherman and Thomas.-Capture of Dalton.-Battle of Resacca.-Retreat of
Johnston.-Slight Engagements.-Occupation of Kingston.-Destruction of
Rebel Works at Rome.-Advance to Cassville.-Battle near Dallas and Powder
Spring. Occupation of Acworth and Big Shanty.-Attempts on Sherman's
line of Communications. -Kenesaw Mountain.-Battle of Nickojack Creek.-
Pause at Marietta.-Louisiana and Arkansas.-Another Invasion of Kentucky.-
Movements of the Navy..............................
Mr. Lincoln's Administration in issue before the People.-Disadvantages of the
Hour.-Opposition in Official Quarters, and on the Uniou side in Congress -The
"Radical" Movement.-Recapitulation of the Administration Policy in regard
to Virginia and Missouri.—Mr. Lincoln's Method with the Insurrectionary
States.-Gen. Fremont's Military Administration in Missouri.-His Removal.-
Personality of the Missouri Feud.-How Mr. Lincoln Regarded it.-His Letter
to Gen. Schofield.-His Reply to the Demands of the "Radical" Committee.-
The Situation in Louisiana.-Military Governorship in Tennessee.-State Re-or-
ganization in Arkansas.-Factious Opposition.-Uprising of the People for Mr.
Lincoln.-The Baltimore Convention.-The Nominations.-Responses of Mr.
Lincoln.-Address of the Methodist General Conference.-The President's
Reply......
335
410
485
518
531
Congress.-The Constitutional Amendment prohibiting Slavery.-Its Defeat in
the House.-Repeal of the Fugitive Slave Laws.-New Bureaus Established.-
Other Important Legislation.—“ Reconstruction."-Opposition to the Presi-
dent's Policy.-The Davis Bill.-Disagreement of the two Houses thereon.-Its
Final Passage.-The President withholds his Signature.-His Proclamation on
the Subject.-The Wade-Davis Manifesto.-Letters of Mr. Lincoln in regard to
Matters in New Orleans and St. Louis.-President Lincoln's Speech at the Phil-
adelphia Fair.-A Democratic National Convention Called and Postponed.-
Clay, Thompson and other Conspirators in Canada.-The Greeley Negotiations
with them.-President Lincoln's Action in the Case.-North-western Conspi-
racy. The Chicago Nominations and Platform, 1864............................... ....................................... 559
Military Operations before Petersburg and Richmond, from June to November,
1864.-Gen. Hunter's Campaign.—Movements in the Shenandoah Valley.
Early's Invasion of Maryland.-His Demonstration against Washington.-His
Retreat up the Valley, and Second Advance to the Potomac.-Burning of
Chambersburg-Successes of Gen. Averill.-Battle of Moorfield.-Gen. Sheri-
dan takes Command in the Valley.-Admiral Farragut before Mobile.-Brilliant
Naval Victories.-Movements of Sheridan.-Important Successes in the Val-
ley.-Thanksgiving Proclamation of President Lincoln..
Gen. Sherman's Campaign in Georgia.-From Marietta to Atlanta.-Passage of
the Chattahoochee.-Rousseau's Raid.-Battles before Atlanta.-Heavy losses
of the Kebels after Hood Succeeds Johnston.-Cavalry expeditions under Stone-
man and McCook.-Their Failure.-Operations around Atlanta.-Kilpatrick's
Raid. Sherman's Army on the Macon Railroad.-Battle of Jonesboro.-Cap-
ture of Atlanta.-Rebel Raids.-Hood's operations in Sherman's Rear.—Price's
Invasion of Missouri.-General Results of the South-western Campaigns......... 604
The Presidential Canvass of 1864 concluded.-Spirit of the Opposition.-The
North-western Conspiracy.-The Issue Concerning the Habeas Corpus and Mili-
tary Arrests.-Letters of Mr. Lincoln on these Subjects.-Efforts of the Rebel
Cabal in Canada to influence the Election.-The State Elections of September
and October.-The Voice of the Soldiers.-The Presidential Vote.-The Presi-
dent's Gratitude to the Army and Navy.-Maryland a Free State.-Mr. Lincoln's
Speech to Marylanders.-Cipher Dispatches, and Schemes of the Canadian
Cabal.-Affairs in Tennessee.-The Canvass in New York.
...
Second Session of the Thirty-Eighth Congress.-President Lincoln's last Annual
Message.-Cabinet Changes.-Mr. Blair withdraws, and Gov. Dennison becomes
Postmaster-General.-Mr. Speed Succeeds Judge Bates, as Attorney-General.-
Death of Chief Justice Taney.-Mr. Chase his Successor.-Our Relations with
Canada. The Reciprocity Treaty to Terminate.-Call for 300,000 more Sol-
diers.-Amendment of the Constitution Prohibiting Slavery, Concurred in by
the House.-Popular Rejoicing.-The Rebel Treatment of Union Prisoners.-
Retaliation Discussed in the Senate, but Repugnant to Public Sentiment.-The
Wharncliffe Correspondence.-Testimony of Goldwin Smith.-Peace Memorial
from Great Britain.-Correspondence Thereon.-Congratulatory Address of the
Workingmen of Great Britain.-Speech of Mr. Lincoln in Reply to the Swe-
dish Minister.-Speech of Mr. Lincoln on the Death of Edward Everett.-Polit-
ical affairs in Tennessee, Louisiana and Arkansas.-Abortive Peace Negotia-
tions. Full Details of the Hampton Roads' Conference.-Rebel accounts of the
Same.-Affairs in Richmond.-Close of the Thirty-Eighth Congress.-Creation
of the Bureau of Freedmen, and other Legislation......
Winter Campaigns of 1864-5.-Movement of Sherman from Atlanta to Savannah.
-Fort McAllister Carried by Assault.-Communication Opened with Admiral
Dahlgren's Fleet.-Savannah Occupied by Sherman.-Movements of Hood and
Beauregard.-Campaign in Tennessee.-Battle of Franklin.-The Armies Before
Nashville.-Raid of Stoneman and Burbridge.-Battle of Nashville.-Defeat
and Rout of Hood's Army.-Movements Against Wilmington.-Failure of the
585
622
665
First Attack on Fort Fisher.-Success of the Second Expedition.-Fort Fisher
Captured by Terry and Porter.-Movements of the Army Before Petersburg.
Sherman's Campaign in the Carolinas.-Capture of Charleston and Wilming-
ton.-Advance of Schofield and Terry on Goldsboro-Battles of Averysboro and
Bentonville.-Occupation of Goldsboro and Union of the Three Armies in North
Carolina.-Movements in Virginia.-Conference at City Point...............................................................
CHAPTER X
Close of President Lincoln's First Term.-Order to Gen. Grant in regard to Peace
Negotiations. The Fourth of March.-Inauguration Ceremonies.-Mr. Lin-
coln's Second Inaugural Address.-Contrasts.-Cabinet Changes.-Indisposi-
tion of the President.-His Speech at the National Hotel on Negro Soldiers in
the Rebel Armies.-He Visits Gen. Grant's Headquarters.-The Military Situa-
tion.-Conference with his Chief Generals.-Movement of the Forces under
Meade and Sheridan.-Fighting near Dinwiddie Court House.-Sheridan's Vic-
tory at the Five Forks.-Attack of Wright and Parke on the Lines before Peters-
burg. The Sixth Corps Carry the Enemy's Works.-Petersburg Evacuated.-
Pursuit of the Enemy.-Richmond Taken.-Dispatches of Mr. Lincoln.-The
Nation's Joy.—Lee's Army Closely Pressed.-Captures at Sailor's Creek.—Sur-
render of Lee.-Mr. Lincoln at Richmond.-His Visit to the City Point Hospi-
tal.-His Return to Washington.-Peace Rejoicings.-Speeches of Mr. Liu-
coln.-Important Proclamatious.-Demand on Great Britain for Indemnity.-
Closing Military Movements.-Reduction of the Army.-Mr. Lincoln's Last
Meeting with His Cabinet.-Celebration at Fort Sumter............................................. 753
Last Days of Mr. Lincoln.-His Assassination.-Attack on Mr. Seward.-Remains
of Mr. Lincoln lying in State.-Obsequies at Washington.-Removal of the
Remains to Springfield, Illinois.-Demonstrations along the route.-Obsequies
at Springfield.-The Great Crime, its authors and abettors.-The Assassin's
End.-The Conspiracy.-Complicity of Jefferson Davis.-How assassins were
trai..ed to their work.--Tributes and Testimonials.-Mr. Lincoln as a Lawyer.-
Incidents and Reminiscences.-Additional Speeches.-Letter to Gov. Hahn, on
Negro Suffrage.-Letter to Mrs. Gurney.-Letter to a Widow who had lost five
Sous in the War.-Letter to a Centenarian.-A Letter written in early life.-
A Speech made in 1839.-Letter to Mr. Choate, on the Pilgrim Fathers.-Letter
to Dr. Maclean, on receiving the Degree of LL.D.-Letter to Gov. Fletcher, of
Missouri, on the restoration of order.-A message to the Miners.-Speech at
Independence Hall in 1861.-Concluding remarks.......
790
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