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by you. To the blacks we say: This cup of liberty which these, your old masters, hold to your lips we will dash from you, and leave you to the chances of gathering the spilled and scattered contents in some vague and undefined when, where, and how. If this course, discouraging and paralyzing both white and black, has any tendency to bring Louisiana into proper practical relations with the Union, I have so far been unable to perceive it. If, on the contrary, we recognize and sustain the new government of Louisiana, the converse of all this is made true. We encourage the hearts and nerve the arms of the 12,000 to adhere to their work, and argue for it, and proselyte for it, and fight for it, and feed it, and grow it, and ripen it to a complete success. The colored man, too, in seeing all united for him, is inspired with vigilance, and energy, and daring, to the same end. Grant that he desires the elective franchise, will he not attain it sooner by saving the already advanced steps toward it than by running backward over them? Concede that the new government of Louisiana is only to what it should be as the egg is to the fowl, we shall sooner have the fowl by hatching the egg than by smashing it.

Again, if we reject Louisiana we also reject one vote in favor of the proposed amendment to the national Constitution. To meet this proposition it has been argued that no more than three-fourths of those States which have not attempted secession are necessary to validly ratify the amendment. I do not commit myself against this further than to say that such a ratification would be questionable, and sure to be persistently questioned, while a ratification by three-fourths of all the States would be unquestioned and unquestionable. I repeat the question: Can Louisiana be brought into proper practical relation with the Union sooner by sustaining or by discarding her new State government? What has been said of Louisiana will apply generally to other States. And yet so great peculiarities pertain to each State, and such important and sudden changes occur in the same State, and withal so new and unprecedented is the whole case that no exclusive and inflexible plan can safely be prescribed as to details and collaterals. Such exclusive and inflexible plan would surely become a new entanglement. Important principles may and must be inflexible. In the present situation, as the phrase goes, it may be my duty to make some new announcement to the people of the South. I am considering, and shall not fail to act when satisfied that action will be proper.

April 12, 1865.- TELEGRAM TO GENERAL G. WEITZEL.

WASHINGTON, D. C., April 12, 1865. MAJOR-GENERAL WEITZEL, Richmond, Virginia:

I have seen your despatch to Colonel Hardie about the matter of prayers. I do not remember hearing prayers spoken of while I was in Richmond; but I have no doubt you have acted in what appeared to you to be the spirit and temper manifested by me while there. Is there any sign of the rebel legislature coming together

on the understanding of my letter to you? If there is any such sign, inform me what it is; if there is no such sign, you may with draw the offer.

A. LINCOLN.

April 12, 1865.-TELEGRAM TO GENERAL G. WEITZEL. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 12, 1865. MAJOR-GENERAL WEITZEL, Richmond, Virginia:

I have just seen Judge Campbell's letter to you of the 7th. He assumes, as appears to me, that I have called the insurgent legisla ture of Virginia together, as the rightful legislature of the State, to settle all differences with the United States. I have done no such thing. I spoke of them, not as a legislature, but as "the gen tlemen who have acted as the legislature of Virginia in support of the rebellion." I did this on purpose to exclude the assumption that I was recognizing them as a rightful body. I dealt with them as men having power de facto to do a specific thing, to wit: "To withdraw the Virginia troops and other support from resistance to the General Government," for which, in the paper handed Judge Campbell, I promised a specific equivalent, to wit: a remission to the people of the State, except in certain cases, of the confiscation of their property. I meant this, and no more. Inasmuch, however, as Judge Campbell misconstrues this, and is still pressing for an armistice, contrary to the explicit statement of the paper I gave him, and particularly as General Grant has since captured the Vir ginia troops, so that giving a consideration for their withdrawal is no longer applicable, let my letter to you and the paper to Judge Campbell both be withdrawn, or countermanded, and he be notified of it. Do not now allow them to assemble but if any have come, allow them safe return to their homes.

A. LINCOLN.

INDEX

INDEX

A B C schools, the President at, I, 639.
Abingdon, Va., movements at, II, 428.
Abolitionism, the right way to regard, I, 12;
tendency of doctrines or, to increase the
evils of slavery, 642.

Abolitionist, Lincoln declared an, I, 218.
Abolitionists, extremists among, I, 174;
Southern recruits among, 186, 288; opposi-
tion to Kansas-Nebraska bill, 279; recruit-
ing from Whig and Democratic parties,
279, 322, 336, 365, 400-403; platform in Il-
linois in 1854, 279, 280; charged by Douglas
with using aliases, 338, 339, 404; compact
for the election of Lincoln as U. S. sena-
tor, 340; Douglas's charges against South-
ern, 366; Douglas charges revolutionary
principles against, 396; oppose the com-
promise measures of 1850, 399; carry the
Illinois legislature in 1854, 401, 403; declare
for no more slave States, 468; the party
bounded by geographical lines, 470; power
in Illinois, 492; assert equality of negroes
and whites, 495.

Abolition of slavery, schemes for compen-
sated, II, 91, 129, 130; scheme for gradual,
129, 130; the President accused of carrying
on war for sole purpose of, 562.
"Abraham Lincoln: a History," II, 568.
Absterdam projectile, the, II, 494.
Accomac County, Va., renewal of allegiance
in, II, 104; excepted from declaration of
Virginia's state of rebellion, Jan. 1, 1863,
288; question of exemption of, from Eman-
cipation Proclamation, 327; rebels paroled
in, by Gen. Dix, 394, 395.

Acquisition of territory, constitutional
power of, II, 102.

Acts of incorporation, power of Congress to
pass, I, 31.

Adams, Charles Francis, suggested for Cab-
inet position, I, 661; proposed as Minis-
ter to Great Britain, II, 24; text of diplo-
matic despatch from Secretary Seward
to, May 21, 1861, with the President's cor-
rections, 48-51; ordered to decline inter-
course with British government as long
as it holds intercourse with enemies of
the United States, 49; correspondence re-
garding the Trent affair, 120; despatch
from, regarding publications presented to
the Library of Congress, 281; instruction
from Secretary Seward to, regarding
meeting of the President with Confed-
erate commissioners at Hampton Roads,
650, 651.

Adams, Christopher, candidate for position
in Bureau of Construction, II, 44.
Adams, Brig.-Gen. D. W., wounded at
Chickamauga, II, 412.

Adams, Green, letter to, regarding_special
force in Kentucky, II, 293.

Adams, J. H., supports Lincoln for U. S.
senatorship, I, 213.

Adams, John, relative cost of his administra-
tion, 1, 32; supporter of the Declaration
of Independence, II, 366; death, 366.
Adams, John Quincy, cost of his administra-
tion, I, 32; appropriations for internal im-
provements under, 124, 125; position in

679

regard to powers of Congress over public
improvements, 127; appoints Clay Secre-
tary of State, 170; renomination for Presi-
dency, 222.

Adams County, Ill., the Hanks family in, I,
596, 639.

Addison, John, letter to, I, 159.

Adjutant-general, the President's objec-
tions to being accompanied by him, II,
117, 118.

"Admiral P. Tordenskiold," bark, recom-
mendation of appropriation for, for dam-
ages connected with the blockade, II, 262.
Admiralty, awards of damages in, II, 448.
Admission of States into Union, Lincoln's
position as to, 1, 306, 307.

Africa, return of negroes to, I, 175, 187, 235;
correspondence with Portugal regarding
cotton cultivation in, II, 128; communica-
tion with, 269. See also AFRICAN SLAVE-

TRADE.

"Africa," the, attempted seizure of Mr.
Fauchet by commander of, II, 278.
African slave-trade, forbidden, I, 187, 194,
202, 203, 501, 504, 540, 565, 587, 615; not to-
tally suppressed, 193; declared piracy,
194; specious reasoning of the trader in
regard to, 197; provisions of U. S. Consti-
tution in regard to, 202, 253, 565; protec-
tion of the home industry, 245; Douglas's
position in regard to, 245, 555, 565, 566;
parity with Territorial slavery, 288; re-
vival of, by Douglas's popular sover-
eignty doctrine, 537, 538, 554-557, 564: early
public sentiment in regard to, 555, 556; re-
vival must be prevented, 574, 585, 586, 588,
593; period of extinguishment of, 587;
Democratic call for revival of, 607, 627
reopening of, condemned by Republican
National Convention of 1860, 636; a pecu-
liar "necessity," 649; suppression of, II,
101, 268; treaty with Great Britain for
suppression of, 178, 445; Liberia's share in
arrest of, 605. See also SLAVE-TRADE.
Agency, the Federal government's relation
to the States one of, II, 440.
Agricultural fairs, use of, I, 576, 577.
Agricultural reports, value of, II, 101.
Agricultural scrip, certified to States for
railroads, II, 611.

;

Agriculture, Calhoun's views on, 1, 73; Jack-
son's views on, 73; comparison of condi-
tions under free trade and protection, 90-
95; improvement of, 576, 577, II, 268; the
chemistry of, I, 578, 583; animal, man, and
steam power used in, 578-582; advantages
of education in, 582, 583; the mechanics
of, 583; Lincoln's early experience in, 597;
encouragement of, 637; the Chicago plat-
form of 1860 on, 679; lack of a bureau for,
II, 101; act to provide for colleges of, 313;
deficiency of laborers in, 447. See also
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE; HAM-

BURG.

Alabama, former ownership, by Georgia, of
territory now, I, 181, 601; ceded to Fed-
eral government, 601; provision as to
slavery in deed of cession of, 601; ob-
struction of U. S. laws in, II, 34; insur-

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