438; the Chase faction, 439-441; national convention of, 1864, 446-449; gloomy prospects of, 462-466; success in elec- tions of, 1864, 469, 470 Retaliation, rebel threats of, 350, 351; cabinet action on Fort Pillow massacre, 352; conversation between Lincoln and Frederick Douglass about, 352 Reynolds, John, governor of Illinois, issues call for volunteers for Black Hawk War, 31, 32, Richmond, Virginia, becomes capital of Confederate States, 207; panic in, at ru- mors of evacuation, 481; high prices in, 481; excitement created by Blair's visits, 481, 482; alarm at Grant's advance, 500; surrender of, April 3, 1865, 510; burning of, 515, 516
Rich Mountain, Virginia, battle of, July 11, 1861, 225
Riney, Zachariah, teacher of President Lincoln, 6
Roanoke, the, Union steam frigate, in fight between Monitor and Merrimac,
Robinson, E., defeated for Illinois legisla- ture, 1832, 34 Rodgers, John,
States navy, takes part in Port Royal expedition, 245, 246 Romine, Gideon, merchant at Gentry- ville, 9
Rosecrans, William S., brevet major- general United States army, success at Rich Mountain, 225; succeeds Buell in Kentucky, 380; battle of Murfreesboro, 380; Iuka and Corinth, 380; drives Bragg to Chattanooga, 385; Chattanooga and Chickamauga, 386-388; relieved from command, 388, 389; dilatory movements delay reconstruction in Tennessee, 428 Russell, Lord John, British minister for foreign affairs, interview with Charles Francis Adams, 211
Rutledge, Anne, engagement to Lincoln, 54; death of, 54
Savannah, Georgia, occupied by Sherman, December 21, 1864, 412
Schofield, J. M., brevet major-general,
general-in-chief, United States army, ordered to join Sherman, 414; joins Sher- man, 417
Schurz, Carl, major-general United States Volunteers, United States senator, Secre- tary of the Interior, asks permission to take part in presidental campaign, 444 Scott, Dred, case of, 108, 109 Scott, Robert E., tendered cabinet ap- pointment, 164
Scott, Winfield, lieutenant-general United
States army, warning to Lincoln about plot in Baltimore, 172; charged with safety of Washington, 172; attempt to reinforce Anderson, 178; advises evacu- ation of Sumter, 183; orders Washington prepared for a siege, 194; report to Presi- dent Lincoln, 194, 195; offers Lee com-
mand of seventy-five regiments, 196; orders Lyon to St. Louis, 202; loyalty of, 208; occupies Cairo, Illinois, 210; mili- tary problem before, 210; plan of cam- paign, 215, 216, 231, 232; refuses to credit news of defeat at Bull Run, 228, 229; welcomes McClellan to Washington, 250; quarrel with McClellan, 251, 252; retirement of, 251-253; rank as lieutenant- general, 393; attends Lincoln's funeral in New York, 547
Seaton, William W., mayor of Wash- ington, approves Lincoln's bill abolishing slavery in District of Columbia, 87 Secession, South Carolina, Florida, Mis- sissippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas join the movement, 175, 176; action of central cabal, 177; sentiment in Maryland, 193, 194; Virginia passes ordi- nance of, 194; Tennessee, North Caro- lina, and Arkansas join the movement, 200; sentiment in Delaware, 201; Kentucky, 201; in Missouri, 201-204; numerical strength of, 204. See Confed- erate States of America
Seddon, James A., member of Congress, Confederate Secretary of War, resigna- tion of, 501
Sedgwick, John, major-general United States Volunteers, crosses Rappahannock and takes Fredericksburg, 368, 369 Seven Days' Battles, 302, 306, 307 Seward, Augustus H., brevet colonel United States army, stabbed by Powell, alias Payne, 541
Seward, Frederick W., Assistant Secre- tary of State, visits Lincoln in Philadel- phia, 172; wounded by Powell, alias Payne, 540, 541
Seward, William H., United States sena- tor, Secretary of State, desires reëlection of Douglas to United States Senate, 125; candidate for presidential nomination, 1860, 144; votes for, in Chicago conven- tion, 149-151; accepts cabinet appoint- ment, 163; transmits offers of cabinet appointments, 164; suggestions to Lin- coln about journey to Washington, 168: warning to Lincoln about plot in Balti- more, 172, 173: meets Lincoln at railway station in Washington, 174; appointed Secretary of State, 182; reply to Confed- erate commissioners, 183; reply to Judge Campbell, 183; memorandum of April 1, 1861, 184-187; opinion of Lincoln, 187; despatch of May 21, 211; friendship for Lord Lyons, 247; despatch in Trent affair, 249; at gathering of officials to discuss news of Monitor and Merrimac, 296; goes to New York with President's letter, 307; Lincoln tells him of coming emanci- pation proclamation, 332; suggests post- ponement of emancipation proclamation, 332; attitude toward the French in Mexico, 451, 452; agrees with President against making proffers of peace to Davis, 463; proclaims ratification of Thirteenth Amend- ment, 475; goes to Hampton Roads, 483;
relations with Montgomery Blair, 488; plot to murder, 535; attacked by Powell, alias Payne, 540, 541 Seymour, Horatio, governor of New York, opposition to the draft, 355-357; correspondence with Lincoln, 356; noti- fies McClellan of his nomination, 468 Shepley, G. F., brigadier-general United States Volunteers, military governor of Louisiana, orders election for members of Congress, 422; orders registration of loyal voters, 422, 423 Sheridan, Philip H., lieutenant-general, general-in-chief, United States army, operations in Shenandoah valley, 403, 404; succeeds McClellan, 470; in Shen- andoah valley, 502; reaches City Point, 506; advance to Five Forks, 507; reports situation to Grant, 507; battle of Five Forks, 508; ordered to get on Lee's line of retreat, 509, 510; despatch to Grant, 511; captures Appomattox Station, 512; despatch to Grant, 512
Sherman, John, member of Congress, Secretary of the Treasury, United States senator, candidate for Speaker of the House of Representatives, 141 Sherman, William Tecumseh, lieuten- ant-general, general-in-chief United States army, sent to Nashville, 254; succeeds An- derson, 254; interview with Cameron, 255; asks to be relieved, 255; in operations about Vicksburg, 381, 382; reaches Chat- tanooga, 389; in battle of Chattanooga, 390, 391; conference with Grant, 395; master in the West, 395; Meridian cam- paign, 405, 406; concentrates troops at Chattanooga, 406; march on Atlanta, 408, 468; truce with Hood, 408; divides his army, 409; march to the sea, 410- 412; telegram to President Lincoln, 412; proposes to march through the Carolinas, 414; from Savannah to Goldsboro, 414- 417; visit to Grant, 417; march north- ward, 502; visit to Lincoln and Grant, 506; admiration for Grant and respect for Lee, 520; enters Raleigh, 521; re- ceives communication from Johnston, 521 meetings with Johnston, 521, 522; agreement between them, 522; agree- ment disapproved at Washington, 523; report to Grant, 523, 524; receives John- ston's surrender, 524; effect of his march through the South, 524; sent against E. Kirby Smith, 526; soldiers of, in grand review, 528
Shields, James, United States senator, brigadier-general United States Volun- teers, at Springfield, Illinois, 52; auditor of Illinois, 65; challenges Lincoln to a duel, 66-68; ordered to form junction with McDowell and Frémont, 306 Short, James, buys Lincoln's surveying instruments and restores them to him, 36 Simpson, M., Bishop of the Methodist
Church, oration at Lincoln's funeral, 548 Slavery, agitation in Illinois, 45, 46; Lin- coln-Stone protest, 47; Lincoln's bill to
abolish, in District of Columbia, 85-87; repeal of Missouri Compromise, 94, 95; Peoria debate of Lincoln and Douglas, 96-98; Lincoln's Chicago banquet speech, 106, 107; Dred Scott case, 108-112; pro- slavery reaction, 113; slavery agitation in Kansas, 113-117; Lincoln's "House divided against itself" speech, 119, 120, 127, 128; Lincoln-Douglas joint debate, 121-125; John Brown raid, 134, 135; Lincoln's speeches in Kansas and the East, 136-140; pro-slavery demands of Democratic leaders, 141, 142; attitude of political parties upon, in 1860, 152, 153; corner-stone" theory of the Confederate States, 179; dream of the conspirators, 197, 204; dread of slave insurrections in the South, 220, 221; action of Union commanders about, 220-223; Frémont's proclamation, 236-238; Lincoln to Brown- ing about Frémont's proclamation, 238- 240; President's interview with border State delegations, 257, 258, 324, 325; refer- ences to, in Cameron's report, 320; in Lincoln's message of December 3, 1861, 321, 322; Delaware offered compensated abolishment, 322, 323; Lincoln's special message to Congress, March 6, 1862, 323, 324; President's letter to McDougall, 324; Congress passes bill for compensated emancipation in District of Columbia, 325, 326; bill in Congress to aid emanci- pation in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, 326; Lincoln revokes Hunter's order, 327, 328; measures relating to, in Con- gress, 1862, 329; President's second in- terview with border State delegations, 329-331; Lincoln reads first draft of emancipation proclamation to cabinet, 331, 332; President's interview with Chicago clergymen, 337-339; President issues preliminary emancipation procla- mation, 339-341; annual message of De- cember 1, 1862, on, 341, 342; President issues final emancipation proclamation, 342-346; President's views on, 346, 347; arming of negro soldiers, 348-350; in- structions from War Department about slaves, 349; contest over slavery clause in new Louisiana constitution, 423; slavery abolished in Louisiana, 426; abolished in Arkansas, 427; abolished in Tennessee, 429; abolished in Missouri, 434; abol- ished in Maryland, 435, 436; attitude of Democratic party on, 437, 438; Republi- can national platform favors constitutional amendment abolishing, 446; fugitive- slave law repealed, 457; constitutional amendment prohibiting, in United States, 471-476; public opinion on, in certain States, 473; two constitutional amend- ments offered during Lincoln's term, 475, 476; Lincoln's draft of joint resolution offering South $400,000,000, 493; decline in value of slave property in the South, 501; effect on Lincoln's character, 551. See Emancipation and Negro soldiers
Slidell, John, minister to Mexico, United States senator, Confederate commissioner to Europe, capture of, 246-249; last in- structions from Confederate Secretary of State to, 501, 502
Smith, Caleb B., member of Congress, Secretary of the Interior, judge United States District Court, appointed Secretary of the Interior, 182; signs cabinet protest, 311, 312
Smith, E. Kirby, Confederate general, commands forces west of the Mississippi, 525; surrender of, 526, 527 Smith, Melancton, rear-admiral United States navy, at gathering of officials to discuss fight between Monitor and Mer- rimac, 296
Smith, William F., brevet major-general United States army, service at Chatta- nooga, 389
Spain, joint expedition to Mexico, 451 Spangler, Edward, imprisoned for com- plicity in Booth's plot, 544 Speed, James, Attorney-General, pointed Attorney-General, 491 Speed, Joshua F., intimacy with Lincoln, 53; Lincoln's letters to, 64, 65, 68; mar- riage, 65
Spottsylvania, Virginia, battle of, May 8- 19, 1864, 398, 399 Springfield, Illinois, its ambition, 26; first newspaper, 26; becomes capital of Illinois, 45, 52; in 1837-39, 53; revival of business in, 61; society in, 62; Lin- coln's speech of farewell at, 169; funeral honors to Lincoln in, 547, 548
Stanley, Edward, member of Congress, appointed military governor of North Caro- lina, 420
Stanton, Edwin M., Attorney-General, Secretary of War, succeeds Cameron as Secretary of War, 289; his efficiency, 289, 290; interview with the President, 293, 294; at gathering of officials to dis- cuss news of Monitor and Merrimac, 296; conveys President's reply to McClellan's plan of campaign, 298; indignation at McClellan, 311; draws up and signs memorandum of protest against continu- ing McClellan in command, 311; instruc- tion about slaves, 349; faith in Hooker, 370 anxiety for Lincoln during Early's raid, 403; order regulating raising of colored troops, 435; orders suppression of two New York newspapers and arrest of their editors, 453, 454; agrees with President against making proffers of peace to Davis, 463; relations with Mont- gomery Blair, 488; sends Halleck's letter to President, 488; shows Lincoln Grant's despatch transmitting Lee's overtures, 503; disapproves Sherman's agreement with Johnston, 523; at Lincoln's death-bed, 540 Star of the West, merchant vessel, un- successful attempt to reinforce Fort Sum- ter, 178
Steele, Frederick, brevet major-general United States army, marches from Helena
to Little Rock, Arkansas, 427; assists re- construction in Arkansas, 427 Stephens, Alexander H., member of Congress, Confederate Vice-President, correspondence with Lincoln, 165, 166; elected Vice-President Confederate States of America, 179; "corner-stone" theory, 179; signs military league, 197; appointed peace commissioner, 482; at Hampton Roads conference, 482-485
Stevens, Thaddeus, member of Congress, criticism of joint resolution offering com- pensated emancipation, 325
St. Lawrence, the, in fight between Monitor and Merrimac, 280
Stone, Charles P., brigadier-general United States Volunteers, report about danger to Lincoln in Baltimore, 172, 173 Stone, Dan, member of Illinois legislature, protest with Lincoln against resolutions on slavery, 47.
Stone, Dr. Robert K., at Lincoln's death- bed, 539, 540.
Stringham, Silas H. rear-admiral United States navy, commands Hatteras expe- dition, 245
Stuart, John T., major Illinois Volunteers, member of Congress, reënlists as private in Black Hawk War, 33; elected to Illi- nois legislature in 1832, 34; reëlected in 1834, 43; encourages Lincoln to study law, 44; at Springfield, Illinois, 52; elected to Congress, 69, 70
Surratt, John H., in conspiracy to assas- sinate Lincoln, 534; deposits arms in tavern at Surrattsville, 536; escape to Canada, subsequent capture and trial, 544 Surratt, Mrs. Mary E., in conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln, 534; visits tavern at Surrattsville, 536; fate of, 541, 542, 544 Swaney, teacher of President Lincoln, 12 Swett, Leonard, favors Holt for Vice- President, 448
Taney, Roger B., chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, opin- ion in Dred Scott case, 109; action in Merryman case, 199, 200; death of, 490 Taylor, E. D., elected to Illinois legisla- ture in 1832, 34
Taylor, Richard, Confederate lieutenant- general, surrenders to Canby, 525, 527 Taylor, Zachary, twelfth President of the
United States, nominated for President, 80, 81; elected President, 87 Tennessee, the, Confederate ram, in bat- tle of Mobile Bay, 525 Tennessee, State of, joins Confederacy, 200, 204; military governor appointed for, 419; secession usurpation in, 420; delay of reconstruction in, 428; organization of State government and abolishment of sla- very, 429; public opinion in, regarding slavery, 473; ratifies Thirteenth Amend- ment, 475
Terry, Alfred H., brevet major-general United States army, communicates with Sherman, 416
Texas, State of, ratifies Thirteenth Amend- ment, 475
Thatcher, Henry K., rear-admiral United States navy, receives surrender of Far- rand, 525
Thirteenth Amendment, joint resolu- tion proposing, 471-475; ratification of, 475 Thomas, George H., major-general United States army, ordered to oppose Zollicoffer, 254; victory over Zollicoffer, 265; at battle of Chickamauga, 387; suc- ceeds Rosecrans at Chattanooga, 389; in battle of Chattanooga, 390, 391; sent by Sherman to defend Tennessee, 409; Franklin and Nashville, 410; threatens Confederate communications from Ten-
Thompson, Jacob, member of Congress, Secretary of the Interior, agent of Con- federate government in Canada, 361; his visionary plans, 361, 362; account at Montreal Bank, 544
Thompson, Samuel, colonel Illinois Vol- unteers, commands regiment in Black Hawk War, 32
Tod, David, minister to Brazil, governor of Ohio, declines nomination for Secretary of the Treasury, 457
Todd, Mary, see Lincoln, Mary Todd Totten, Joseph G., brevet major-general United States army, at gathering of offi- cials to discuss news of fight of Monitor and Merrimac, 296
Treat, Samuel H., United States district judge, at Springfield, Illinois, 52 Trent Brothers, buy store of Lincoln and Berry, 36
Trent, the, British mail-steamer, overhauled by the San Jacinto, 246
Trumbull, Lyman, member of Congress, United States senator, at Springfield, Illinois, 52; elected to United States Senate, 1855, 100
Turnham, David, lends Lincoln "Re- vised Statutes of Indiana," 14
Usher, John P., Secretary of the Trea- sury, resigns from cabinet, 492 Vallandigham, Clement L., member of Congress, interview with John Brown, 134; arrest and banishment of, 358; head of Knights of Golden Circle, etc., 360, 361; at Democratic national convention, 467,468
Van Bergen, sues Lincoln for debt, 36, 41 Vandalia, Illinois, removal of State capital from, to Springfield, 45, 52
Van Dorn, Earl, Confederate major- general, defeat at Pea Ridge, 271 Varuna, the, sunk in expedition against New Orleans, 285 Vicksburg, Mississippi, fortifications of, 287; surrender of, July 4, 1863, 376, 383; situation of 381; operations against, 381- 383 Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ire-
land, proclamation of neutrality, 211; kindly feelings toward United States, 247 Vienna Station, ambush at, 214 Virginia, State of, passes ordinance of secession, 194; in the Confederacy, 204; ratifies Thirteenth Amendment, 475
Wade, Benjamin F., United States sena- tor, signs Wade-Davis manifesto, 456 Walker, Leroy Pope, Confederate Sec- retary of War and brigadier-general, speech at Montgomery, 197
Walker, Robert J., United States sena- tor, Secretary of the Treasury, appointed governor of Kansas, 114; letter to Bu- chanan, 114, 115; resigns, 117 Warren, Gouverneur K., brevet major- general United States army, attacked by Lee, 507
Washburne, Elihu B., member of Con- gress, minister to France, meets Lincoln at railway station in Washington, 174 Washington City, cutoff from the North, 194-197 communication restored, 197; fortifications of, 208, 209; threatened by Early, 403; grand review of Union army in, 527-529
Washington, George, first President of the United States, rank of lieutenant- general, 393; size of his armies compared with Lee's, 524; his place in United States history. 555
Weitzel, Godfrey, brevet major-general United Slates army, receives surrender of Richmond, 510; sets about work of relief, 516
Welles, Gideon, Secretary of the Navy, appointed Secretary of the Navy, 182; approves course of Captain Wilkes, 246; at gathering of officials to discuss news of fight between Monitor and Merrimac, 296; refuses to sign cabinet protest, 311, 312; Lincoln tells him of coming emanci- pation proclamation, 332
West Virginia, State of, formation of, 200,
201; true to the Union, 204; effect on, of McClellan's campaign, 225; admission to the Union, 418; slavery in throttled by public opinion, 473
Whig Party, first national convention of, 28; nominates Henry Clay, 28; conven- tion of 1860, 143, 144
White, Albert S., member of Congress, United States senator, judge of District Court of Indiana, reports bill to aid eman- cipation in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, 326
Whitesides, Samuel, general Illinois Volunteers, reënlists as private in Black Hawk War, 33
Wide Awakes, origin and campaign work of, 155, 156
Wilderness, Virginia, battle of, May 5, 6, 1864, 398
Wilkes, Charles, rear-admiral United States navy, capture of the Trent, 246-
Wilmington, North Carolina, occupation of, February 22, 1865, 525 Wilson, James H., brevet major-general United States army, cavalry raid, and defeat of Forrest, 524, 525 Wilson's Creek, Missouri, battle of, Au- gust 10, 1861, 235
Wise, Henry A., minister to Brazil; governor of Virginia, Confederate briga- dier-general, desires Douglas's reëlection to United States Senate, 126; interview with John Brown, 134 Worden, John L., rear-admiral United States navy, commands the Monitor, 282 Wright, Horatio G., brevet major-gen-
eral United States army, sent to Wash- ington, 403; in recapture of Fort Sted-
man, 505, 506; in assault at Petersburg, 508, 509
Yates, Richard, member of Congress, governor of Illinois, United States sena- tor, Lincoln advocates his reëlection, 96; commissions Grant, 265; appoints J. F. Jaquess colonel of volunteer regiment, 461
Yorktown, Virginia, siege of, April 5 to May 3, 1862, 301
Zollicoffer, Felix K., member of Con- gress, Confederate brigadier-general, in eastern Kentucky, 254; defeated by Thomas, 265
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