438; the Chase faction, 439-441; national
convention of, 1864, 446-449; gloomy
prospects of, 462-466; success in elec-
tions of, 1864, 469, 470
Retaliation, rebel threats of, 350, 351;
cabinet action on Fort Pillow massacre,
352; conversation between Lincoln and
Frederick Douglass about, 352
Reynolds, John, governor of Illinois,
issues call for volunteers for Black Hawk
War, 31, 32,
Richmond, Virginia, becomes capital of
Confederate States, 207; panic in, at ru-
mors of evacuation, 481; high prices in,
481; excitement created by Blair's visits,
481, 482; alarm at Grant's advance, 500;
surrender of, April 3, 1865, 510; burning
of, 515, 516

Rich Mountain, Virginia, battle of, July
11, 1861, 225

Riney, Zachariah, teacher of President
Lincoln, 6

Roanoke, the, Union steam frigate, in
fight between Monitor and Merrimac,

280

Robinson, E., defeated for Illinois legisla-
ture, 1832, 34
Rodgers, John,

rear-admiral United

States navy, takes part in Port Royal
expedition, 245, 246
Romine, Gideon, merchant at Gentry-
ville, 9

Rosecrans, William S., brevet major-
general United States army, success at
Rich Mountain, 225; succeeds Buell in
Kentucky, 380; battle of Murfreesboro,
380; Iuka and Corinth, 380; drives Bragg
to Chattanooga, 385; Chattanooga and
Chickamauga, 386-388; relieved from
command, 388, 389; dilatory movements
delay reconstruction in Tennessee, 428
Russell, Lord John, British minister for
foreign affairs, interview with Charles
Francis Adams, 211

Rutledge, Anne, engagement to Lincoln,
54; death of, 54

Savannah, Georgia, occupied by Sherman,
December 21, 1864, 412

Schofield, J. M., brevet major-general,

general-in-chief, United States army,
ordered to join Sherman, 414; joins Sher-
man, 417

Schurz, Carl, major-general United States
Volunteers, United States senator, Secre-
tary of the Interior, asks permission to
take part in presidental campaign, 444
Scott, Dred, case of, 108, 109
Scott, Robert E., tendered cabinet ap-
pointment, 164

Scott, Winfield, lieutenant-general United

States army, warning to Lincoln about
plot in Baltimore, 172; charged with
safety of Washington, 172; attempt to
reinforce Anderson, 178; advises evacu-
ation of Sumter, 183; orders Washington
prepared for a siege, 194; report to Presi-
dent Lincoln, 194, 195; offers Lee com-

mand of seventy-five regiments, 196;
orders Lyon to St. Louis, 202; loyalty of,
208; occupies Cairo, Illinois, 210; mili-
tary problem before, 210; plan of cam-
paign, 215, 216, 231, 232; refuses to
credit news of defeat at Bull Run, 228,
229; welcomes McClellan to Washington,
250; quarrel with McClellan, 251, 252;
retirement of, 251-253; rank as lieutenant-
general, 393; attends Lincoln's funeral in
New York, 547

Seaton, William W., mayor of Wash-
ington, approves Lincoln's bill abolishing
slavery in District of Columbia, 87
Secession, South Carolina, Florida, Mis-
sissippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana,
and Texas join the movement, 175, 176;
action of central cabal, 177; sentiment in
Maryland, 193, 194; Virginia passes ordi-
nance of, 194; Tennessee, North Caro-
lina, and Arkansas join the movement,
200; sentiment in Delaware, 201;
Kentucky, 201; in Missouri, 201-204;
numerical strength of, 204. See Confed-
erate States of America

in

Seddon, James A., member of Congress,
Confederate Secretary of War, resigna-
tion of, 501

Sedgwick, John, major-general United
States Volunteers, crosses Rappahannock
and takes Fredericksburg, 368, 369
Seven Days' Battles, 302, 306, 307
Seward, Augustus H., brevet colonel
United States army, stabbed by Powell,
alias Payne, 541

Seward, Frederick W., Assistant Secre-
tary of State, visits Lincoln in Philadel-
phia, 172; wounded by Powell, alias
Payne, 540, 541

Seward, William H., United States sena-
tor, Secretary of State, desires reëlection
of Douglas to United States Senate, 125;
candidate for presidential nomination,
1860, 144; votes for, in Chicago conven-
tion, 149-151; accepts cabinet appoint-
ment, 163; transmits offers of cabinet
appointments, 164; suggestions to Lin-
coln about journey to Washington, 168:
warning to Lincoln about plot in Balti-
more, 172, 173: meets Lincoln at railway
station in Washington, 174; appointed
Secretary of State, 182; reply to Confed-
erate commissioners, 183; reply to Judge
Campbell, 183; memorandum of April 1,
1861, 184-187; opinion of Lincoln, 187;
despatch of May 21, 211; friendship for
Lord Lyons, 247; despatch in Trent affair,
249; at gathering of officials to discuss
news of Monitor and Merrimac, 296;
goes to New York with President's letter,
307; Lincoln tells him of coming emanci-
pation proclamation, 332; suggests post-
ponement of emancipation proclamation,
332; attitude toward the French in Mexico,
451, 452; agrees with President against
making proffers of peace to Davis, 463;
proclaims ratification of Thirteenth Amend-
ment, 475; goes to Hampton Roads, 483;

relations with Montgomery Blair, 488;
plot to murder, 535; attacked by Powell,
alias Payne, 540, 541
Seymour, Horatio, governor of New
York, opposition to the draft, 355-357;
correspondence with Lincoln, 356; noti-
fies McClellan of his nomination, 468
Shepley, G. F., brigadier-general United
States Volunteers, military governor of
Louisiana, orders election for members of
Congress, 422; orders registration of
loyal voters, 422, 423
Sheridan, Philip H., lieutenant-general,
general-in-chief, United States army,
operations in Shenandoah valley, 403,
404; succeeds McClellan, 470; in Shen-
andoah valley, 502; reaches City Point,
506; advance to Five Forks, 507; reports
situation to Grant, 507; battle of Five
Forks, 508; ordered to get on Lee's line
of retreat, 509, 510; despatch to Grant,
511; captures Appomattox Station, 512;
despatch to Grant, 512

Sherman, John, member of Congress,
Secretary of the Treasury, United States
senator, candidate for Speaker of the
House of Representatives, 141
Sherman, William Tecumseh, lieuten-
ant-general, general-in-chief United States
army, sent to Nashville, 254; succeeds An-
derson, 254; interview with Cameron, 255;
asks to be relieved, 255; in operations
about Vicksburg, 381, 382; reaches Chat-
tanooga, 389; in battle of Chattanooga,
390, 391; conference with Grant, 395;
master in the West, 395; Meridian cam-
paign, 405, 406; concentrates troops at
Chattanooga, 406; march on Atlanta,
408, 468; truce with Hood, 408; divides
his army, 409; march to the sea, 410-
412; telegram to President Lincoln, 412;
proposes to march through the Carolinas,
414; from Savannah to Goldsboro, 414-
417; visit to Grant, 417; march north-
ward, 502; visit to Lincoln and Grant,
506; admiration for Grant and respect
for Lee, 520; enters Raleigh, 521; re-
ceives communication from Johnston,
521 meetings with Johnston, 521, 522;
agreement between them, 522; agree-
ment disapproved at Washington, 523;
report to Grant, 523, 524; receives John-
ston's surrender, 524; effect of his march
through the South, 524; sent against E.
Kirby Smith, 526; soldiers of, in grand
review, 528

Shields, James, United States senator,
brigadier-general United States Volun-
teers, at Springfield, Illinois, 52; auditor
of Illinois, 65; challenges Lincoln to a
duel, 66-68; ordered to form junction
with McDowell and Frémont, 306
Short, James, buys Lincoln's surveying
instruments and restores them to him, 36
Simpson, M., Bishop of the Methodist

Church, oration at Lincoln's funeral, 548
Slavery, agitation in Illinois, 45, 46; Lin-
coln-Stone protest, 47; Lincoln's bill to

575

abolish, in District of Columbia, 85-87;
repeal of Missouri Compromise, 94, 95;
Peoria debate of Lincoln and Douglas,
96-98; Lincoln's Chicago banquet speech,
106, 107; Dred Scott case, 108-112; pro-
slavery reaction, 113; slavery agitation
in Kansas, 113-117; Lincoln's "House
divided against itself" speech, 119, 120,
127, 128; Lincoln-Douglas joint debate,
121-125; John Brown raid, 134, 135;
Lincoln's speeches in Kansas and the
East, 136-140; pro-slavery demands of
Democratic leaders, 141, 142; attitude of
political parties upon, in 1860, 152, 153;
corner-stone" theory of the Confederate
States, 179; dream of the conspirators,
197, 204; dread of slave insurrections in
the South, 220, 221; action of Union
commanders about, 220-223; Frémont's
proclamation, 236-238; Lincoln to Brown-
ing about Frémont's proclamation, 238-
240; President's interview with border
State delegations, 257, 258, 324, 325; refer-
ences to, in Cameron's report, 320; in
Lincoln's message of December 3, 1861,
321, 322; Delaware offered compensated
abolishment, 322, 323; Lincoln's special
message to Congress, March 6, 1862, 323,
324; President's letter to McDougall, 324;
Congress passes bill for compensated
emancipation in District of Columbia,
325, 326; bill in Congress to aid emanci-
pation in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia,
Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri,
326; Lincoln revokes Hunter's order,
327, 328; measures relating to, in Con-
gress, 1862, 329; President's second in-
terview with border State delegations,
329-331; Lincoln reads first draft of
emancipation proclamation to cabinet,
331, 332; President's interview with
Chicago clergymen, 337-339; President
issues preliminary emancipation procla-
mation, 339-341; annual message of De-
cember 1, 1862, on, 341, 342; President
issues final emancipation proclamation,
342-346; President's views on, 346, 347;
arming of negro soldiers, 348-350; in-
structions from War Department about
slaves, 349; contest over slavery clause in
new Louisiana constitution, 423; slavery
abolished in Louisiana, 426; abolished in
Arkansas, 427; abolished in Tennessee,
429; abolished in Missouri, 434; abol-
ished in Maryland, 435, 436; attitude of
Democratic party on, 437, 438; Republi-
can national platform favors constitutional
amendment abolishing, 446; fugitive-
slave law repealed, 457; constitutional
amendment prohibiting, in United States,
471-476; public opinion on, in certain
States, 473; two constitutional amend-
ments offered during Lincoln's term, 475,
476; Lincoln's draft of joint resolution
offering South $400,000,000, 493; decline
in value of slave property in the South,
501; effect on Lincoln's character, 551.
See Emancipation and Negro soldiers

Slidell, John, minister to Mexico, United
States senator, Confederate commissioner
to Europe, capture of, 246-249; last in-
structions from Confederate Secretary of
State to, 501, 502

Smith, Caleb B., member of Congress,
Secretary of the Interior, judge United
States District Court, appointed Secretary
of the Interior, 182; signs cabinet protest,
311, 312

Smith, E. Kirby, Confederate general,
commands forces west of the Mississippi,
525; surrender of, 526, 527
Smith, Melancton, rear-admiral United
States navy, at gathering of officials to
discuss fight between Monitor and Mer-
rimac, 296

Smith, William F., brevet major-general
United States army, service at Chatta-
nooga, 389

ap-

Spain, joint expedition to Mexico, 451
Spangler, Edward, imprisoned for com-
plicity in Booth's plot, 544
Speed, James, Attorney-General,
pointed Attorney-General, 491
Speed, Joshua F., intimacy with Lincoln,
53; Lincoln's letters to, 64, 65, 68; mar-
riage, 65

Spottsylvania, Virginia, battle of, May 8-
19, 1864, 398, 399
Springfield, Illinois, its ambition, 26;
first newspaper, 26; becomes capital of
Illinois, 45, 52; in 1837-39, 53; revival
of business in, 61; society in, 62; Lin-
coln's speech of farewell at, 169; funeral
honors to Lincoln in, 547, 548

Stanley, Edward, member of Congress,
appointed military governor of North Caro-
lina, 420

Stanton, Edwin M., Attorney-General,
Secretary of War, succeeds Cameron as
Secretary of War, 289; his efficiency,
289, 290; interview with the President,
293, 294; at gathering of officials to dis-
cuss news of Monitor and Merrimac, 296;
conveys President's reply to McClellan's
plan of campaign, 298; indignation at
McClellan, 311; draws up and signs
memorandum of protest against continu-
ing McClellan in command, 311; instruc-
tion about slaves, 349; faith in Hooker,
370 anxiety for Lincoln during Early's
raid, 403; order regulating raising of
colored troops, 435; orders suppression
of two New York newspapers and arrest
of their editors, 453, 454; agrees with
President against making proffers of
peace to Davis, 463; relations with Mont-
gomery Blair, 488; sends Halleck's letter
to President, 488; shows Lincoln Grant's
despatch transmitting Lee's overtures, 503;
disapproves Sherman's agreement with
Johnston, 523; at Lincoln's death-bed, 540
Star of the West, merchant vessel, un-
successful attempt to reinforce Fort Sum-
ter, 178

Steele, Frederick, brevet major-general
United States army, marches from Helena

to Little Rock, Arkansas, 427; assists re-
construction in Arkansas, 427
Stephens, Alexander H., member of
Congress, Confederate Vice-President,
correspondence with Lincoln, 165, 166;
elected Vice-President Confederate States
of America, 179; "corner-stone" theory,
179; signs military league, 197; appointed
peace commissioner, 482; at Hampton
Roads conference, 482-485

Stevens, Thaddeus, member of Congress,
criticism of joint resolution offering com-
pensated emancipation, 325

St. Lawrence, the, in fight between
Monitor and Merrimac, 280

Stone, Charles P., brigadier-general
United States Volunteers, report about
danger to Lincoln in Baltimore, 172, 173
Stone, Dan, member of Illinois legislature,
protest with Lincoln against resolutions
on slavery, 47.

Stone, Dr. Robert K., at Lincoln's death-
bed, 539, 540.

Stringham, Silas H. rear-admiral United
States navy, commands Hatteras expe-
dition, 245

Stuart, John T., major Illinois Volunteers,
member of Congress, reënlists as private
in Black Hawk War, 33; elected to Illi-
nois legislature in 1832, 34; reëlected in
1834, 43; encourages Lincoln to study
law, 44; at Springfield, Illinois, 52;
elected to Congress, 69, 70

Surratt, John H., in conspiracy to assas-
sinate Lincoln, 534; deposits arms in
tavern at Surrattsville, 536; escape to
Canada, subsequent capture and trial, 544
Surratt, Mrs. Mary E., in conspiracy to
assassinate Lincoln, 534; visits tavern at
Surrattsville, 536; fate of, 541, 542, 544
Swaney, teacher of President Lincoln, 12
Swett, Leonard, favors Holt for Vice-
President, 448

Taney, Roger B., chief justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States, opin-
ion in Dred Scott case, 109; action in
Merryman case, 199, 200; death of, 490
Taylor, E. D., elected to Illinois legisla-
ture in 1832, 34

Taylor, Richard, Confederate lieutenant-
general, surrenders to Canby, 525, 527
Taylor, Zachary, twelfth President of the

United States, nominated for President,
80, 81; elected President, 87
Tennessee, the, Confederate ram, in bat-
tle of Mobile Bay, 525
Tennessee, State of, joins Confederacy,
200, 204; military governor appointed for,
419; secession usurpation in, 420; delay
of reconstruction in, 428; organization of
State government and abolishment of sla-
very, 429; public opinion in, regarding
slavery, 473; ratifies Thirteenth Amend-
ment, 475

Terry, Alfred H., brevet major-general
United States army, communicates with
Sherman, 416

Texas, State of, ratifies Thirteenth Amend-
ment, 475

Thatcher, Henry K., rear-admiral United
States navy, receives surrender of Far-
rand, 525

Thirteenth Amendment, joint resolu-
tion proposing, 471-475; ratification of,
475
Thomas, George H., major-general
United States army, ordered to oppose
Zollicoffer, 254; victory over Zollicoffer,
265; at battle of Chickamauga, 387; suc-
ceeds Rosecrans at Chattanooga, 389; in
battle of Chattanooga, 390, 391; sent by
Sherman to defend Tennessee, 409;
Franklin and Nashville, 410; threatens
Confederate communications from Ten-

nessee, 502

Thompson, Jacob, member of Congress,
Secretary of the Interior, agent of Con-
federate government in Canada, 361; his
visionary plans, 361, 362; account at
Montreal Bank, 544

Thompson, Samuel, colonel Illinois Vol-
unteers, commands regiment in Black
Hawk War, 32

Tod, David, minister to Brazil, governor
of Ohio, declines nomination for Secretary
of the Treasury, 457

Todd, Mary, see Lincoln, Mary Todd
Totten, Joseph G., brevet major-general
United States army, at gathering of offi-
cials to discuss news of fight of Monitor
and Merrimac, 296

Treat, Samuel H., United States district
judge, at Springfield, Illinois, 52
Trent Brothers, buy store of Lincoln and
Berry, 36

Trent, the, British mail-steamer, overhauled
by the San Jacinto, 246

Trumbull, Lyman, member of Congress,
United States senator, at Springfield,
Illinois, 52; elected to United States
Senate, 1855, 100

Turnham, David, lends Lincoln "Re-
vised Statutes of Indiana," 14

Usher, John P., Secretary of the Trea-
sury, resigns from cabinet, 492
Vallandigham, Clement L., member of
Congress, interview with John Brown,
134; arrest and banishment of, 358; head
of Knights of Golden Circle, etc., 360,
361; at Democratic national convention,
467,468

Van Bergen, sues Lincoln for debt, 36, 41
Vandalia, Illinois, removal of State capital
from, to Springfield, 45, 52

Van Dorn, Earl, Confederate major-
general, defeat at Pea Ridge, 271
Varuna, the, sunk in expedition against
New Orleans, 285
Vicksburg, Mississippi, fortifications of,
287; surrender of, July 4, 1863, 376, 383;
situation of 381; operations against, 381-
383
Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ire-

577

land, proclamation of neutrality, 211;
kindly feelings toward United States, 247
Vienna Station, ambush at, 214
Virginia, State of, passes ordinance of
secession, 194; in the Confederacy, 204;
ratifies Thirteenth Amendment, 475

Wade, Benjamin F., United States sena-
tor, signs Wade-Davis manifesto, 456
Walker, Leroy Pope, Confederate Sec-
retary of War and brigadier-general,
speech at Montgomery, 197

Walker, Robert J., United States sena-
tor, Secretary of the Treasury, appointed
governor of Kansas, 114; letter to Bu-
chanan, 114, 115; resigns, 117
Warren, Gouverneur K., brevet major-
general United States army, attacked by
Lee, 507

Washburne, Elihu B., member of Con-
gress, minister to France, meets Lincoln
at railway station in Washington, 174
Washington City, cutoff from the North,
194-197 communication restored, 197;
fortifications of, 208, 209; threatened by
Early, 403; grand review of Union army
in, 527-529

Washington, George, first President of
the United States, rank of lieutenant-
general, 393; size of his armies compared
with Lee's, 524; his place in United
States history. 555

Weitzel, Godfrey, brevet major-general
United Slates army, receives surrender
of Richmond, 510; sets about work of
relief, 516

Welles, Gideon, Secretary of the Navy,
appointed Secretary of the Navy, 182;
approves course of Captain Wilkes, 246;
at gathering of officials to discuss news of
fight between Monitor and Merrimac,
296; refuses to sign cabinet protest, 311,
312; Lincoln tells him of coming emanci-
pation proclamation, 332

West Virginia, State of, formation of, 200,

201; true to the Union, 204; effect on, of
McClellan's campaign, 225; admission
to the Union, 418; slavery in throttled by
public opinion, 473

Whig Party, first national convention of,
28; nominates Henry Clay, 28; conven-
tion of 1860, 143, 144

White, Albert S., member of Congress,
United States senator, judge of District
Court of Indiana, reports bill to aid eman-
cipation in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia,
Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri,
326

Whitesides, Samuel, general Illinois
Volunteers, reënlists as private in Black
Hawk War, 33

Wide Awakes, origin and campaign
work of, 155, 156

Wilderness, Virginia, battle of, May 5,
6, 1864, 398

Wilkes, Charles, rear-admiral United
States navy, capture of the Trent, 246-

249

Wilmington, North Carolina, occupation
of, February 22, 1865, 525
Wilson, James H., brevet major-general
United States army, cavalry raid, and
defeat of Forrest, 524, 525
Wilson's Creek, Missouri, battle of, Au-
gust 10, 1861, 235

Wise, Henry A., minister to Brazil;
governor of Virginia, Confederate briga-
dier-general, desires Douglas's reëlection
to United States Senate, 126; interview
with John Brown, 134
Worden, John L., rear-admiral United
States navy, commands the Monitor, 282
Wright, Horatio G., brevet major-gen-

eral United States army, sent to Wash-
ington, 403; in recapture of Fort Sted-

man, 505, 506; in assault at Petersburg,
508, 509

Yates, Richard, member of Congress,
governor of Illinois, United States sena-
tor, Lincoln advocates his reëlection, 96;
commissions Grant, 265; appoints J. F.
Jaquess colonel of volunteer regiment,
461

Yorktown, Virginia, siege of, April 5 to
May 3, 1862, 301

Zollicoffer, Felix K., member of Con-
gress, Confederate brigadier-general, in
eastern Kentucky, 254; defeated by
Thomas, 265