36

P'T. I.

P'D. II. сн. 1.

GOSNOLD'S VISIT.

9. In 1587, Raleigh again sent out a colony of one hundred and fifty adventurers to the same island, under Captain White. He soon returned to England to solicit supplies for the colony. Before he departed, his 1587. daughter, Mrs. Dare, gave birth to a female infant, the Roanoke first child of English parents born in America. The colony. infant was baptized by the name of Virginia.

Second

10. The attempts made by Raleigh for the relief of this colony were unremitted, but unsuccessful; and three years elapsed before he could procure the means of sending Captain White to their relief. It was then too late. Not one remained; nor, though repeatedly Raleigh's sought, has any clue to their fate ever been found. colony. Appalled and in danger of perishing himself, White returned, without leaving one English settler on the shores of America.

lost

Gosnold

1602. 11. In 1602, Bartholomew Gosnold, with thirty-two visits N. men, sailed from Falmouth, and steering due west, he England. was the first English commander who reached the country by this shorter and more direct course. He approached the coast near Nahant, then bearing to the south he discovered and named Cape Cod, which was the first ground in New England ever trod by English

men.

12. From Cape Cod he sailed round Nantucket, and discovered Martha's Vineyard. He then entered Buzzard's Bay, and finding a fertile island, he gave it, in honor of the Queen, the name of Elizabeth. Near its western shore, on a small island in a lake, he built a fort and store-house, and prepared to leave a small Natives colony. But the natives became hostile, and his intended settlers would not remain. Having freighted his vessel with sassafras root, then much esteemed in medicine, he hoisted sail and reached England with all

hostile.

9. What of the second? What name was given to the first native born English child?-10. Were attempts made to relieve this colony? Does any one know what became of Mrs. Dare, or her child, or any of the colony?-11. Give some account of Gosnold? Point out on the map his course? Tell where he approached. What discoveries he made?-12. At what place did he prepare to colonize? Was he successful in planting a colony?

grants

13. Henry IV., of France, in 1603, granted to the CH. I. Sieur de Monts, the country called Acadia, extending 1603. from the 40th to the 46th degree of north latitude. Henry The next year De Monts sailed from France, taking IV. Samuel Champlain as his pilot. He entered an exten- Acadia. sive bay, called it La Baye Francaise, [Bay of Fundy,] and on its eastern side, he founded Port Royal. He DeMonts discovered and named the rivers St. John and St. Croix, and sailed along the coast as far as Cape Cod.

founds

Port

Royal.

London

company

14. The English becoming alarmed at this encroachment on territory which they claimed, James I., the 1606. successor of Elizabeth, dividing the country into two districts nearly equal, granted the southern part, or first colony of Virginia, included between the 34th and 41st degrees, to a company of merchants called the London Company; and the northern or second colony of Virginia, included between the 38th and 45th degrees, to another corporation, called the Plymouth PlyCompany. The king vested these companies with a right of land along the coast, fifty miles each way, and extending into the interior one hundred miles from the place of settlement.

mouth

company.

Kenne

15. The Plymouth Company, in 1607, sent out Admiral Raleigh Gilbert, with a hundred planters, under Captain George Popham, the president of the company. SettleThey landed at the mouth of Kennebec river, where ment at they built and fortified a store-house. The sufferings bec. of the colony, through the winter, were severe. They 1607 lost their store-house by fire, and their president by death, and the next year returned to England, considering the country "a cold, barren, mountainous desert," where, in the quaint language of that period, they de clared, "they found nothing but extreme extremities."

12. What of his voyage in regard to time?-13. What was granted to De Monts? By whom? What voyage and discoveries did he make? Who accompanied him?-14. Between what two companies did the English now divide the country? What names give to each division? Trace the two divisions on Map III, unless you draw the Maps, and have one of your own to exhibit. 15. Whom did the Plymouth company send out? What was the success of the settlement at Kennebec ?

38

FIRST EFFECTUAL ENGLISH SETTLEMENT.

P'T. I. 16. Thus, after a period of one hundred and ten P'D. II. years, from the time that Cabot discovered North CH. II. America, and twenty-four years after Raleigh planted the first colony, there was not, in 1607, an Englishman settled in America.

Chesa

ed.

CHAPTER II.

First settlement of Virginia.

1. IN 1607, the London Company sent out Captain Christopher Newport, with three ships, and one hundred and five men, among whom was the navigator, Gosnold, and Captain John Smith, the Father of Virginia.

2. The fleet sailed by the West Indies, and being driven north of Roanoke in a storm, an accidental dispeake covery was thus made of the entrance of the Chesadiscover- peake bay, the boundaries of which were now named 1607 Capes Charles and Henry, in honor of the king's sons. 3. The adventurers sailed at once into the bay, and up the Powhatan river, to which they gave the name of the James. Upon its banks, fifty miles from its James- mouth, they fixed their residence, and raised a few May 13. huts. The place was called Jamestown, an appellation which it still retains, although nothing now remains but a few falling ruins.

town,

What a

4. The King of England, James I., had given the colonists a charter; that is a writing, made like a deed, which he signed, and to which the great seal of Encharter gland was affixed. These written instruments when made for the settlers, in a wise and righteous manner, gave them privileges which were of great value. But, in this case, the charter left with the king all the power to govern the country.

is.

16. In 1607 what might be said of English colonization CHAPTER II.-1. Whom did the London company send out? 2. What discovery was accidentally made? 3. What course did the fleet take? Where did the emigrants settle?-4. What is a charter? Did these emigrants receive a favorable charter ?

SMITH OBEYS HIS SUPERIORS.

39

P'D. II.

5. To the colonists no assurance was given, but the PTI. vague promise, that they should continue to be Englishmen. Religion was established by law, according CH. I. to the forms and doctrines of the church of England. No privThere was, for the present, no division of property; ileges to and for five years, all labor was to be for the benefit of tlers. the joint stock.

set

First

6. The government was to be administered by a council, nominated by the king, but to reside in the colony. As soon as the emigrants landed, the council was organized. They chose Edward Wingfield, their president president. They were envious of Captain Smith. He field, 2, Wingwas the proper person to be their head, because he had Smith. more talents and more zeal for the settlement, than any other man. But troubles gathered fast, and then they were glad to have Smith for a leader.

7. The neighboring Indians soon annoyed the colony by their petty hostilities. Their provisions failed, and Disasters. the scanty allowance to which they were reduced, as well as the influence of a climate to which they were not accustomed, gave rise to disease; so that the num- Aug. 22. ber of the colonists rapidly diminished. Sometimes Death of four or five died in a day, and there were not enough 1607. of the well, to give decent burial to the dead. Fifty perished before winter, among whom was the excellent Gosnold.

Gosnold.

8. The energy and cheerful activity of Smith, threw the only light, which glanced upon the dark picture. He so managed as to awe the natives, and at the same time to conciliate and obtain from them supplies of Excelfood; while, among the emigrants, he encouraged the lent manfaint hearted, and put in fear the rebellious. Winter at of Smith. length came, and with it, relief from diseases of climate, and plentiful supplies of wild fowl and game.

9. The London company, with an ignorance of geography, which even then was surprising, had given directions that some of the streams flowing from the

5. How was it about religion?-property? 6. What about the government? Who was chosen president?-7. What misfortunes befel the colony?-8. What can you say of the con. duct of Captain Smith? -9. What directions had Smith received? From whom?

agement

40

INDIANS CAPTURE SMITH.

PT. I. north-west should be followed up, in order to find a P'D. II. passage to the South Sea. Smith was superior to the CH. II. company in intelligence, but he knew the duties of a subordinate; and he therefore prepared to explore the can obey head waters of the river Chickahominy, which answeras well as ed as nearly as any one, to their description.

Smith

com

-mand.

1607.

an and

10. Powhatan, the chief of the savage confederacy on the waters of the James and its tributaries, had been visited by the colonists early after their arrival. His imperial residence, called from its beautiful location, Nonesuch, consisted of twelve wigwams near the Powhat- site of Richmond. Next to him in power was his brother, Opechacanough, who was chief of the Pabrother. munkies on the Chickahominy. Smith embarked in a barge on that river, and when he had ascended as far as possible in this manner, he left it, with the order that his party should not land till his return; and, with four attendants, he pursued his objects twenty miles farther up the river.

his

Indian!

11. The Indians who had watched his movements, fell upon his men, took them prisoners, and obliged them to discover the track of their captain. He, in pursuit of game, soon found himself hunted by swarms of savage archers. In this extremity he bound to his capture breast, as a shield, an Indian youth, who was with nim; and then he shot three Indians, wounded others, and kept the whole party at bay. Attempting to retreat to his canoe while yet watching his foe, suddenly he sank to his middle, in an oozy creek. The savages dared not even then touch him, till, perishing with cold, he laid down his arms and surrendered.

Smith

His ad

dress.

12. They carried him to a fire, near which, some of his men had been killed. By his Indian guide and interpreter, he then called for their chief. Opechacanough appeared, and Smith politely presented to him his pocket compass. The Indians were confounded at the motions of the fly-needle, which, on account of the

9. What did he know, and what do? 10. Whom had the colonists visited? Where? Who was chief of the Indians on the Chickahominy? What was the beginning of Smith's adventures on that river?-11. Relate the circumstances of his capture ?