valuable services of the regiment, while it breathes the true feelings of his heart for those he had commanded in so many hard fought fields, and whom he loved so well:

"On the 24th November, 1863, the Second Michigan with 150 men, charged the enemy's rifle-pits. The Major lost his leg and was mortally wounded through the hips; Adjutant Noble and Lieut. Galpin were killed; six Sergeants lost a leg each; the color-bearer was mortally wounded, and has since died; in all eighty-four were killed and wounded out of the small party,-about sixty per cent. Yet the remnant of the brave old regiment was in the bastion which the enemy tried to carry by assault on the morning of the 29th, and their courage and cheer were as great yesterday as when I took command of them two years ago a thousand strong.

There is no language that can exaggerate the behavior of these "braves." They will probably be almost unnoticed in Detroit, because they have ever been too proud to seek any demonstration. Yet I would pity any one's humanity who could look unmoved upon that remnant of a regiment, whose flag has area enough to bear the names of only a portion of their battles. Proud am I that I was ever associated with such heroes, and if there is any event of my life with which I am particularly satisfied, it is that I built Fort Sanders, and that protected by its parapet, the regiment I once had the honor to command hurled back, discomfited and demoralized, more than ten times their number of the best troops in the rebel service. There is something sublimely grand in the steady, quiet courage of those men of our "Second." They are all intelligent enough to know their danger, and always true and brave enough to face it. They never yet have failed in time of need, and they never will. I would ask no higher honor than to ride at their head through the streets of Detroit, for you know I am ashamed neither of them, their deeds, nor of my enthusiasm for them. I have written thus warmly about them because my feelings are wrought up, and I know you can appreciate them. If any of the wounded Second reach Detroit I beg of you to look after them as I know you can."

Rendezvousing at Mt. Clemens, it was ordered on the 4th of April, 1864, to proceed to Annapolis, Md., and join its corps, which in the meantime, had moved from East Tennessee to reinforce the Army of the Potomac. On the 22d the Regiment left Annapolis for Washington, and on the 5th of May, in command of Colonel Humphrey, crossed the Rapidan River and joined the army. Taking part with that army in the great campaign upon which it had just entered, the Second shared with it its sufferings, its privations and its glory. On the 6th of May it participated in the battle of the Wilderness, losing 6 killed and 32 wounded and missing. May 9th it marched to Fredericksburg via Chancellorsville. On the 10th, 11th and 12th it was in the battle of Spottsylvania Court House, where it lost 2 killed and 9 wounded, Captain James Farrand being one of the killed. Captain Farrand was in command of the regiment a part of the 12th, Colonel Humphrey having been placed temporarily in command of a brigade. While Farrand had command, a rebel brigade, under General Wilcox, advanced rapidly and unexpectedly, on a battery of four guns, 19th N. Y., killing or wounding every man before a gun could be fired, and taking possession of some of the guns. Farrand instantly called for volunteers from the Second, who manned the guns, putting in a double charge of canister to that already in, and with these guns, loaded to the muzzle, opened a terrific and destructive fire on the brigade with great slaughter, checking and driving it from the attack, saving the battery and preventing an overwhelming charge on the union troops in that immediate locality. General Willcox (Michigan) says in his report:

"On the 12th of May the main battle of Spottsylvania, my division marched in reserve to the corps until I was ordered up to attack on the left of the 1st division-as my left the Second Brigade-Colonel Humphrey Second Michigan now commanding the brigade was already skirmishing with the enemy. I moved up in echelon, Hartranft's brigade on the right and in advance. Found General Crittenden, commanding 1st division had refused his left, and I moved up Hartranft in line with his right.

Posted Twichell's Battery on my right-front and Roemer's Battery in rear of Humphrey's Brigade and reported to General Burnside, that I expected an advance of the enemy to attack and turn my left, now the extreme left of the Army of the Potomac. The order was reiterated for me to attack in front and in line with Crittenden, and was obeyed as promptly as Humphrey's Brigade could be moved up, but I took the precaution to advise Lieutenant Benjamin, Chief of Artillery, to mass batteries in rear of my left, which he promptly did, bringing up two additional batteries. I had no sooner advanced my troops in two lines when they met my attack in the woods on my right-front and brought up a field battery to an opening opposite my left centre and fired solid shot and canister on the troops and batteries.

"The latter replied vigorously, particularly Roemer's, and the troops partly changed front by my orders, and advanced handsomely along the whole line, until two columns of brigade each, charged upon the left batteries. A section of Wright's Artilery had its cannoneers shot down, and for a time was "hors de combat." At one time the enemy was within ten paces, but the Second Michigan supporting this battery, remanned the guns and with the aid of the canister of the other batteries repulsed the charge splendidly. The brave Captain Farrand commanding Second Michigan was killed. Barber's rebel brigade was completely scattered and its commander, Colonel Barber, with some 80 others, were captured."

On the 23d of May the regiment was engaged at Ox Ford, on the 23d and 24th at North Anna, and on the 30th at Tolopotomy, Lieut. Nelson Fletcher being among the killed of the 24th. On the 3d of June it was in the battle of Bethesda Church, losing two killed and 36 wounded, including Lieut. George S. Williams among the severely wounded, and who died of his wounds on the 15th following. From Bethesda Church the regiment marched to Coal Harbor, where it was engaged on the 7th. June 12th it crossed the Chickahoming river, and on the morning of the 14th, and during the night of the 15th, crossed to the south side of the James river and participated in the engagement before Petersburg on the 17th and 18th, losing on the 17th eight killed, including Capt. James Bradley, 74 wounded, and four missing. On the 18th the regiment was in command of Lieut. Colonel March, Col. Humphrey having command of a brigade, being specially assigned to it on the field. The loss of the Second on this day was 14 killed, 69 wounded, and two missing, Colonel March and Lieut. Sherman being among the wounded, the latter dying of his wounds on the 18th of August following.

During the attack which followed the springing of the mine on the 30th of July following, the Second, in command of Capt. John L. Young, lost six killed, 14 wounded, and 37 missing, Capt. Young and Lieut. John G. Busch being among the killed.

It belonged in Willcox's division, which receives the following notice in the Annual Cyclopedia.

"At length the Ninth corps was reformed after a fatal delay, and with General Potter's division on the right, and Ledlies' in the centre, and Willcox's on the left, under fire of two guns, began the charge. At every step the fire of the enemy in front and on each flank concentrated with greater fury upon them, and ploughed their ranks with greater slaughter. The charge was checked on the side of the crest, there was a halt, and finally the whole line, wavering under terrible odds, recoiled to the fort."

Withdrawing from in front of Petersburg, the regiment marched with its corps, to the Weldon railroad, and in the action of the 19th of August, on this road, the regiment lost one killed, two wounded, and two missing. In command of Lieut. Colonel March, Col. Humphrey being still in command of the brigade, it participated in the movement on the right flank of the rebel army, on the 30th of September, in the engagement near Poplar Spring Church, it lost seven in wounded and twelve missing. The regiment remained in camp from the 30th of September to October 27th, near "Peeble's House." On

the latter date, in the advance on the "Boydton Plank Road," it lost seven wounded and seven missing. On the 28th it returned to its camping ground near Peeble's House, and was employed in constructing fortifications, and on the usual picket duty, until the 29th, when it moved, with its corps, about ten miles to the right, on the old City Point and Petersburg R. R., where it relieved a part of the Second corps, at that point, and was engaged in the trenches assisting in the siege of Petersburg, and on the 25th of March, 1865, the regiment, in command of Captain J. C. Boughton, participated in the affair at Fort Steadman, sustaining a heavy loss.

In General Willcox's report of the attack on this fort, and the defense of Battery 9, in the same line of works, is the following:

"At a quarter past four o'clock on the morning of the 25th March, 1865, the enemy attacked the entrenchments held by the Third brigade of this division (1st, 9th corps). The brigade picket officer, Captain Burch, Third Maryland, reports that he visited the picket line at 4 o'clock of that morning, and saw that the men were on the alert. After visiting the line he returned to his headquarters in front of Fort Steadman and Battery No. 11. He states that in a few minutes after his return a man on the lookout gave notice that the enemy were approaching; at the same time the men on the post fired their pieces. One column moved to the right of Battery No. 10; a small column moved towards a point between Fort Steadman and Battery No. 11; a third column moved direct towards Steadman. These columns were preceded by a strong storming party, which broke through the pickets, clubbing their muskets, and made openings in the abatis. The trench guards made sufficient resistance to arouse the garrison of the enclosed works in the immediate neighborhood; but the column which struck the right of Battery No. 10 quickly succeeded in breaking through and effecting an entrance to that Battery, which is entirely open in the rear. This success gave them at once a great advantage over Fort Steadman, as the ground just in rear of Battery No. 10 is on a level with the parapet of the fort.

"The fort had also a comparatively small line of infantry parapet, particularly was this the case in front, which was cut up with embrasures for artillery. The garrison of the fort consisted of a detachment of the Fourteenth New York heavy artillery, under Major Randall, and made quite a spirited resistance; but were finally overpowered, and most of them captured.

"The commanding officer of the brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General A. B. McLaughlin, had reached Battery No. 11 from his headquarters before this, and given some directions about the disposition of the troops on the left flank.

"The guns and even the mortars in both Steadman and Battery No. 11 were used against the enemy. Detachments of the First Connecticut heavy artillery at the mortars behaved very handsomely. General McLaughlin was captured near the gorge of the fort, but whether after the enemy had got in, or while they were attacking is unknown. Captain Swords, ordnance officer on my staff, and division staffofficer of the day, also reached Fort Steadman from these headquarters before it was fully in the enemy's possession, and was captured at the fort."

"The right column, with the aid of troops from Steadman, now succeeded in gaining Battery No. 11. Their left column turned down the works to their left towards Battery No. 9, taking the 57th Massachusetts in the trenches in flank and rear, capturing a part of them. The remainder retired to the rear, reassembled, and afterwards did good work as skirmishers with Hartranft's troops. The Second Michigan fought the enemy on this flank, from their bomb-proofs and traverses, in the most spirited manner, until they were drawn in by order of their brigade commander (Brevet Colonel Ralph Ely) to Battery No. 9, which, though small, is an enclosed work.

"In pursuance of my orders. Colonel Ely deployed perpendicular to and to the rear of his intrenchments, a portion of the First Michigan sharp-shooters as skirmishers promptly taking them from the right of our line for this purpose. I also directed him to press the enemy on his left as much as possible. Finding themselves opposed in this direction, the enemy halted for more of their troops to come up.

"The enemy's skirmishers now came down the hill directly to the rear of Steadman, and moved toward my headquarters, the Friend House, the Dunn House battery, and in the direction of Meade's Station, and this for a time rendered my communication with the Third brigade long and circuitous. Meantime I had ordered out the Seventeenth Michigan, acting as an engineer regiment attached to my headquarters, and sent word to the commanding officers of the 200th and 209th Pennsylvania,

encamped between Meade's Station and Dunn House battery, to move respectively, one to the Friend House, and the other in front of the Dunn House battery. These regiments promptly appeared. Brigadier-General Hartranft, commanding the Third division, now came up in person, and I requested him to move his available force direct upon the fort. He promptly and gallantly took command of the two regiments already out, without waiting for the rest of his command. I ordered the Seventeenth Michigan to deploy as skirmishers on his right. This regiment, with only one hundred men in its ranks, under command of Major Mathews, moved forward at the same time with General Hartranft's line, capturing most of the enemy's skirmishers in their front, about twenty-five in number, and inclining to the right, connected with the skirmishers of Ely's brigade. While Hartranft was operating in rear of Steadman the enemy's force, which had moved towards Battery No. 9 and halted, was reinforced by Ransom's brigade, and opened an attack upon that battery. This attack was handsomely repulsed by my skirmishers and troops of the Second brigade in Battery No. 9, assisted by artillery, particularly one piece of Roemer's battery, under Major Roemer himself. The enemy attempted to retreat back to their own entrenchments, when they were charged by detachments of the Second Michigan, who captured some prisoners. Troops of the Twentieth and Second Michigan also threw themselves into the picket line of the Second brigade, and poured such a fire on the flank of the enemy that over 300 threw down their arms and surrendered themselves on the spot."

On the 3d of April the regiment was engaged in the capture of Petersburg, with slight loss, after which it moved to the South Side R. R., about eighteen miles from the city, and remained there until the 18th, when it embarked at City Point, in command of Colonel Snyder, and reaching Alexandria, remained there a few days, and moved into camp at Tannallytown, and on the 27th of May it was detached for duty in the city of Washington, when, on the 29th of July, it having been mustered out of service, started for Michigan, arriving at Detroit August 1, where it was paid off and disbanded.

The engagements of the regiments were at Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18, 1861. Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Siege of Yorktown, Va., April 4 to May 4, 1862. Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. Fair Oaks, Va., May 31 and June 1, 1862. Near Richmond, Va., June 18, 1862. Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862. Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 28, 29, 30, 1862. Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862. Fredericksburg, Va., December 12, 13, 14, 1862. Siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1863. Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863. Blue Spring, Tenn., October 10, 1863. Loudon, Tenn., November 14, 1863. Lenoir Station, Tenn., November 15,

1863. Campbell's Station, Tenn., November 16, 1863. Siege of Knoxville, Tenn., November 17 to December 5, 1863. Knoxville, Tenn., November 24, 1863. Fort Saunders, Tenn., November 29, 1863. Thurley's Ford, Tenn., December 15, 1863. Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 22, 1864. Near Knoxville, Tenn., January 24, 1864. Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, 7, 1864. Ny River, Va., May 9, 1864. Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 11, 12, 1864. Ox Ford, Va., May 23, 1864. North Anna, Va., May 24, 25, 1864. Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864. Bethesda Church, Va., June 2 and 3, 1864. Coal Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864. Petersburg, Va., June 17, 18, 1864. The Crater, Va., July 30, 1864. Weldon R. R., Va., August 19, 21, 1864. Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864. Poplar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 1864. Pegram Farm, Va., October 2, 1864. Boydton Road, Va., October 8, 1864. Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27, 28, 1864. Fort Steadman, Va., March 25, 1865. Capture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865. Siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865.

During the term of service of this regiment it had borne on its rolls 2,151, and its losses were killed in action, five officers, ninety-five men; died of

wounds, six officers, ninety-nine men; died of disease, four officers, one hundred and twelve men.

"Oh take our heroes, God we pray,

Baptized in freedom's name they come.
Far up the everlasting way,

We watch our loved ones going home."

NOTES.

Modesty in General Richardson was so predominant as to prejudice his own interest, and distrust in his own ability seemed to be a characteristic. An incident connected with his appointment to the Second Michigan confirms these assertions. When the Governor came to select the officers for the regiment, H. L. Chipman was to be the Lieut. Colonel, and Richardson the Major. Chipman having made the military profession a study from boyhood, and being well posted on the subject, and having had some practical experience while in command of an inde pendent company, preferred that the Colonel of the regiment should be a graduate of West Point. In order to meet his views on that point, the Governor decided to make Richardson the Colonel, which was perfectly satisfactory to Chipman. The Adjutant General was directed to send for Richardson, who duly made his appearance at the office. On being so informed by the General, Richardson became agitated to some extent, his face coloring up, his head dropping a little, casting his eyes upon the ground-was silent for a short time, then without raising his head said: "I did not expect anything higher in the regiment than the majority. I think it is all that I am capable of. I do not think I am fit to command a regiment of men, and would rather decline the Colonelcy."

This is the officer who not only made a very superior Colonel, but also a prominent and successful brigade and division commander, developing military qualifications for higher command, and it is generally believed that if he had lived but a very few months longer he would have been placed in command of the Army of the Potomac. Although during and immediately following the Peninsular campaign his outspoken demonstrations of the management of that disastrous part of the war, brought down upon him the displeasure of some in authority to such an extent as to compel him to leave his command, but was afterwarrds induced by his friends who interfered in his behalf to return to the field.

In the wars of other countries, have appeared and gained an undying fame women of enlarged philanthropy, with self-sacrificing natures, and a heroism amid pestilence and scenes of abhorrent carnage, more glorious than that which dares the cannon's mouth. Yet they are but few when compared with the women of our own country, who risked their lives in the battle, and devoted their services, and wasted their strength, in the same fields of labor in our late war, and Michigan was not without her examples. While many might be named, there is one who stands out as presenting the longest and most constant service.

Anna Etherage, a native of Detroit, was about 21 years of age when the war broke out. Her father, once a man of wealth, her early days were spent in the lap of luxury, with every wish gratified. But misfortune came and swept away his property. Broken in fortune and depressed in spirit, he removed to Minnesota, where he died, leaving Anna at the age of twelve, in comparative want. On the breaking out of the war, she was visiting her friends in Detroit, and at once volunteered, and went as a nurse with the Second Michigan Infantry to the field, serving with it for some time but afterwards became attached to the 5th Infantry, and continued her service until the war closed, returning with that regiment to the state on its muster out. She was furnished with a horse, side-saddle and saddle-bags, and at the commencement of a battle, she was accustomed to supply herself with lint, bandages, &c., mounts her horse, gallops to the front, passes under fire regardless of shot or shell, engages in the work of staunching blood and binding up wounds. On one occasion a wounded soldier was torn to pieces by a shell while she was binding up his wounds, and on many fields has her dress been shot through and through by bullets and fragments of shell. Yet she never flinched and never was wounded. She is of German descent, small of stature, fair complexion, but while in service much bronzed by exposure,