CALLS OF THE PRESIDENT FOR TROOPS.

From the Annual Cyclopedia, 1865, the following is taken:

"From returns made by the Provost Marshal General, it appears that the aggregate quotas charged against the several states under all the calls made by the President from April 15, 1861, to April 15, 1865, amounted to 2,759,049; and that the aggregate number of men credited on the several calls and put into the service during the same period was 2,656,553, leaving a deficiency on all calls, when the war closed, of 102,496, which would have been obtained in full if recruiting and drafting had not been discontinued. This number does not embrace the 'emergency men' put into the service at various times during the summer of 1863, amounting to upward of 120,000 men, who served periods of two or three weeks.

"The following tables, furnished to Congress by the Secretary of War, in compliance with a resolution of the House of Representatives adopted in December, 1865, give the latest official information with respect to the number of volunteers called for by the President at various periods:"

*The final credit allowed Michigan by the Provost Marshal was 90,048.

The following is taken from the same work made up from the Provost Marshal General's report:

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"The recorded number of deserters was 268, 530, although the Provost Marshal General considers that about one-fourth of these were subsequently accounted for. More than 76,000 were arrested, but probably as many as 125,000 different enlistments failed to yield soldiers to the army, although they led to their entry upon the official records. "In general, the manufacturing states, as, for instance, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York and New Jersey rank high in the column of desertion; and this result is to be attributed to the fact that such states are dotted with towns and cities.

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"It appears beyond dispute that the crime of desertion is especially characteristic of troops from large cities, and of the districts which they supply with recruits. The ratio per thousand of deserters to credits throughout the loyal states is 62.51. * "The respectable and industrious part of this population did, indeed, produce a mass of faithful troops, but with these were mixed a vast number of adventurers unworthy of any country, who had no affection for the republic, and only enlisted for money."

GOVERNOR CRAPO'S WELCOME TO RETURN

ING TROOPS.

With the surrender of the rebel army, under General Lee, on the 9th of April, 1865, and the subsequent surrender of General Johnston's army in the same month, the war which had been waged against the Union ended, and soon after the troops belonging to the various States began to leave the field. The Michigan troops being among the first to receive orders, the Twentieth Regiment arrived in the State June 4th, 1865, and others followed in succession up to June 10th, 1866, when the Third and Fourth Regiments of Infantry reached the State, being the last belonging to the State to leave the field. On the 14th of June, 1865, Governor Crapo issued the following Proclamation of welcome and thanks to the returning Michigan troops, which properly belongs to the military history of the State, and is therefore inserted herein: Michigan Soldiers-Officers and Men:

In the hour of National danger and peril, when the safety-when the very existence of your country was imperilled, you left your firesides, your homes and your families, to defend the Government and the Union. But the danger is now averted, the struggle is ended, and victory-absolute and complete victory-has perched upon your banners. You have conquered a glorious peace, and are thereby permitted to return to your homes and to the pursuits of tranquil industry, to which I now welcome you! And not only for myself, but for the people of the State, do I tender you a most cordial greeting.

Citizen Soldiers! Recognized by the institutions of the land as freemen -as American citizens, that proudest of all political distinctions-and possessing, in common with every citizen, the elective franchise, which confers the right to an exercise of the sovereign power, you had become so identified and engrossed with the National enterprise and prosperity derived from the untrammeled privileges of Republican freedom, that the enemies of those institutions, in their ignorance of the principles upon which they are founded, madly and foolishly believed that you were destitute of manhood. They supposed you had become so debased by continued toil as to be devoid of every noble impulse. They imagined that you were cowards and cravens, and that by the threatenings alone of a despotic and tyrannical oligarchy you could not only be subdued, but robbed of your inheritance of freedom-of your birthright of liberty-those glorious and priceless legacies from your patriotic sires.

Through the vilest treachery and the foulest robbery, these wicked and perjured men, whom their country had not only greatly benefitted and favored, but highly honored, believed that by despoiling your country of its reputation, of its treasures, of its means of protection and defense, they had ensured your degradation and defeat.

Fatal mistake! and terrible its consequences to those wicked and forsworn men, as well as to their deiuded and blinded votaries!

Soldiers! You have taught a lesson, not only to the enemies of your country, but to the world, which will never be forgotten. With your brave comrades from every loyal State in this great and redeemed Union, you have met these vaunting and perjured traitors and rebels face to face, upon the field of battle, in the front of strongly fortified intrenchments, and before almost impregnable ramparts; and by your skill and valor-your persistent efforts and untiring devotion to the sacred cause of freedom, of civilization, and of mankind-you have proved to those arch criminals, and their sympathizers, that it is not necessary for men to be serfs and slaves in order to be soldiers, but that in the hands of free and enlightened citizens, enjoying the advantages and blessings conferred by free institutions, the temple of Liberty will ever be safe, and its escutcheon forever unsullied.

Although you return to us bearing honorable marks of years of toil, of hardship, of privation, and of suffering-many of you with bodies mutilated, maimed and scarred-mourning the loss of brave comrades ruthlessly slain on the field of battle, tortured to death by inches, or foully murdered in cold blood, not with the weapon of a soldier, but by the lingering pangs of starvation and exposure -yet you will in the future enjoy the proud satisfaction of having aided in achieving for your country her second independence-in vindicating the national honor and dignity-in overthrowing that despotic and unholy power which has dared to raise its hideous head on this continent for the purpose of trampling upon and destroying that inalienable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which is the birthright of all-and finally, in placing the Union, established by the blood of our fathers, upon an imperishable foundation. You will also possess the rich inheritance of meriting the continued plaudits, and of enjoying the constant gratitude of a free people, whose greatness you have preserved in its hour of most imminent peril.

In the name of the people of Michigan, I thank you for the honor you have done us by your valor, your soldierly bearing, your invincible courage, everywhere displayed, whether upon the field of battle in the perilous assault, or in the deadly breach; for your patience under the fatigues and privations and sufferings incident to war, and for your discipline and ready obedience to the orders of your superiors. We are proud in believing that when the history of this rebellion shall have been written, where all have done well, none will stand higher on the roll of fame than the officers and soldiers sent to the field from the loyal and patriotic State of Michigan.

VOLUNTEER SURGEONS.

Notwithstanding the medical department of the Government exercised all its accustomed foresight and made judicious use of its immense resources with advanced preparations to meet coming emergencies, there were times during the war when great battles came thick and fast, when rebel bullets felled men like the grain in harvest, that it failed in supplying a sufficiency of surgeons in the field, and extreme suffering threatened the sick and wounded. This deficiency, however, was readily and cheerfully made up by the voluntary service of the medical men of the land. The surgeons of Michigan were not behind in the humane work, and without fee or proffer of reward, never failed, although at a great sacrifice, in promptly and substantially responding to the emergency.

The following extract from a report made in 1864 by Dr. Joseph Tunnicliff, of Jackson, then State agent at Washington, to the Adjutant General, sets forth their readiness for this service:

"The Potomac Army, under command of Lieutenant General Grant, crossed the Rapidan May 5, 1864, and from that day onward to about the 10th day of June, there occurred a nearly continuous succession of battles, so frequent that it is a common remark of the soldiers returned from that campaign that it seemed to them like one continuous battle.

"Certain it is that the entire region, from the Rapidan to Coal Harbor, was a continuous battle ground. Three hundred thousand men in daily and nightly conflict for thirty-five days, produced of necessity a host of wounded, who demanded from not only the Government but the people every possible assistance.

"Not only the government ambulances and wagons, but every other possible means of transportation which could be devised were resorted to by the sick and wounded to reach Fredericksburg, the newly established base and depot of supplies.

"On the 12th day of May I received from you, General, on behalf of the Governor, the following telegram:

"To J. Tunnicliff, Jr., Michigan State Agent:

"The Governor directs that you make every exertion to take care of the Michigan wounded soldiers. Employ sufficient assistance to do so, and use what money may be necessary. Should you need any number of assistants from the state, inform by telegraph, and acknowledge the receipt of this dispatch by telegraph.'