History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1880: Negroes as Slaves ... - George Washington Williams - Google Books

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The Unity of the Human Family re-affirmed. God gave all Races of Men Civilization.-

The Antiquity of the Negro beyond Dispute. — Idolatry the Cause of the Degradation

of the African Races. He has always had a Place in History, though Incidental. —

Negro Type caused by Degradation. - Negro Empires an Evidence of Crude Ability for

Self-Government. - Influence of the two Christian Governments on the West Coast upon

the Heathen.-Oration on Early Christianity in Africa. The Duty of Christianity to

evangelize Africa

SLAVERY IN THE COLONIES.

THE COLONY OF VIRGINIA.

Introduction of the First Slaves." The Treasurer" and the Dutch Man-of-War. - The

Correct Date. The Number of Slaves. Were there Twenty, or Fourteen? - Litiga-

tion about the Possession of the Slaves. Character of the Slaves imported, and the

Character of the Colonists. Race Prejudices. - Legal Establishment of Slavery. —

Who are Slaves for Life. - Duties on Imported Slaves. - Political and Military Prohibi-

tions against Negroes. - Personal Rights. - Criminal Laws against Slaves. - Emanci-

pation. How brought about. — Free Negroes. - Their Rights. — Moral and Religious

Training.- Population. - Slavery firmly established

THE COLONY OF NEW YORK.

Settlement of New York by the Dutch in 1609. - Negroes introduced into the Colony, 1628.

- The Trade in Negroes increased. - Tobacco exchanged for Slaves and Merchandise.

-Government of the Colony. - New Netherland falls into the Hands of the English,

Aug. 27, 1664. — Various Changes. - New Laws adopted. — Legislation. - First Repre-

sentatives elected in 1683.-In 1702 Queen Anne instructs the Royal Governor in

Regard to the Importation of Slaves. - Slavery Restrictions. Expedition to effect the

Conquest of Canada unsuccessful. - Negro Riot. -Suppressed by the Efficient Aid of

Troops. Fears of the Colonists. - Negro Plot of 1741.- The Robbery of Hogg's

House. - Discovery of a Portion of the Goods. The Arrest of Hughson, his Wife,

and Irish Peggy.—Crimination and Recrimination. The Breaking-out of Numerous

Fires. The Arrest of Spanish Negroes. The Trial of Hughson. - Testimony of

Mary Burton.- Hughson hanged. The Arrest of Many Others implicated in the Plot.

-The Hanging of Cæsar and Prince. Quack and Cuffee burned at the Stake. - The

Lieutenant-Governor's Proclamation. Many White Persons accused of being Conspira-

tors.- Description of Hughson's Manner of swearing those having Knowledge of the

Plot. - Conviction and Hanging of the Catholic Priest Ury. The Sudden and Unex-

pected Termination of the Trial. —New Laws more stringent toward Slaves adopted

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THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETTS.

The Earliest Mentions of Negroes in Massachusetts. - Pequod Indians exchanged for

Negroes. - Voyage of the Slave-Ship "Desire" in 1638. — Fundamental Laws adopted.

- Hereditary Slavery. - Kidnapping Negroes. - Growth of Slavery in the Seventeenth

Century. Taxation of Slaves. - Introduction of Indian Slaves prohibited. The Posi-

tion of the Church respecting the Baptism of Slaves.-Slave Marriage.- Condition of

Free Negroes. Phillis Wheatley the African Poetess. Her Life.-Slavery recognized

in England in Order to be maintained in the Colonies. - The Emancipation of Slaves. -

Legislation favoring the Importation of White Servants, but prohibiting the Clandestine

bringing-in of Negroes.-Judge Sewall's Attack on Slavery. — Judge Saffin's Reply to

THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETTS, -CONTINUED.

The Era of Prohibitory Legislation against Slavery.- Boston instructs her Representatives

to vote against the Slave-Trade. Proclamation issued by Gov. Dummer against the

Negroes, April 13, 1723. — Persecution of the Negroes. - "Suing for Liberty."— Let-

ter of Samuel Adams to John Pickering, jun., on Behalf of Negro Memorialists. — A

Bill for the Suppression of the Slave-Trade passes. Is vetoed by Gov. Gage, and fails

to become a Law

THE COLONY OF MARYLAND.

Maryland under the Laws of Virginia until 1630. — First Legislation on the Slavery Question

in 1637-38. Slavery established by Statute in 1663.- The Discussion of Slavery.—

An Act passed encouraging the Importation of Negroes and White Slaves in 1671. —

An Act laying an Impost on Negroes and White Servants imported into the Colony.

- Duties imposed on Rum and Wine. Treatment of Slaves and Papists. - Convicts

imported into the Colony. - An Attempt to justify the Convict-Trade. - Spirited Replies.

- The Laws of 1723, 1729, 1752. Rights of Slaves. Negro Population in 1728.

Increase of Slavery in 1756. — No Efforts made to prevent the Evils of Slavery. — The

Revolution nearing. New Life for the Negroes

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The Territory of Delaware settled in part by Swedes and Danes, anterior to the Year 1638.-

The Duke of York transfers the Territory of Delaware to William Penn. - Penn

grants the Colony the Privilege of Separate Government. - Slavery introduced on the

Delaware as early as 1636.- Complaint against Peter Alricks for using Oxen and

Negroes belonging to the Company. - The First Legislation on the Slavery Question in

the Colony. - An Enactment of a Law for the Better Regulation of Servants. - An Act

restraining Manumission

THE COLONY OF CONNECTICUT

The Founding of Connecticut, 1631-36.- No Reliable Data given for the Introduction of

Slaves. Negroes were first introduced by Ship during the Early Years of the Colony.

"Committee for Trade and Foreign Plantations." - Interrogating the Governor as to

the Number of Negroes in the Colony in 1680.- The Legislature (1690) passes a Law

pertaining to the Purchase and Treatment of Slaves and Free Persons. — An Act passed

by the General Court in 1711, requiring Persons manumitting Slaves to maintain them.-

Regulating the Social Conduct of Slaves in 1723. - The Punishment of Negro, Indian,

and Mulatto Slaves, for the Use of Profane Language, in 1630. - Lawfulness of Indian

and Negro Slavery recognized by Code, Sept. 5, 1646. — Limited Rights of Free

Negroes in the Colony. - Negro Population in 1762. -Act against Importation of

Slaves, 1774
252

THE COLONY OF RHODE ISLAND.

Colonial Government in Rhode Island, May, 1647. An Act passed to abolish Slavery in

1652, but was never enforced. An Act specifying what Times Indian and Negro Slaves

should not appear in the Streets. An Impost-Tax on Slaves (1708). — Penalties

imposed on Disobedient Slaves. - Anti-Slavery Sentiment in the Colonies receives Little

Encouragement. - Circular Letter from the Board of Trade to the Governor of the

English Colonies, relative to Negro Slaves. - Governor Cranston's Reply. - List of

Militia-Men, including White and Black Servants. Another Letter from the Board

of Trade. An Act preventing Clandestine Importations and Exportations of Passen-

gers, Negroes, or Indian Slaves. - Masters of Vessels required to report the Names and

Number of Passengers to the Governor. - Violation of the Impost-Tax Law on Slaves

punished by Severe Penalties. Appropriation by the General Assembly, July 5, 1715,

from the Fund derived from the Impost-Tax, for the paving of the Streets of Newport.

An Act passed disposing of the Money raised by Impost-Tax. - Impost-Law repealed,

May, 1732.- An Act relating to freeing Mulatto and Negro Slaves passed 1728. — An

Act passed preventing Masters of Vessels from carrying Slaves out of the Colony, June

17, 1757. Eve of the Revolution. An Act prohibiting Importation of Negroes into

the Colony in 1774. — The Population of Rhode Island in 1730 and 1774

THE COLONY OF NEW JERSEY.

New Jersey passes into the Hands of the English. - Political Powers conveyed to Berkeley

and Carteret. Legislation on the Subject of Slavery during the Eighteenth Century.

The Colony divided into East and West Jersey. - Separate Governments. - - An Act

concerning Slavery by the Legislature of East Jersey. — General Apprehension respect-

ing the rising of Negro and Indian Slaves. - East and West Jersey surrender their

Rights of Government to the Queen. - An Act for regulating the Conduct of Slaves.-

Impost-Tax of Ten Pounds levied upon each Negro imported into the Colony. - The

General Court passes a Law regulating the Trial of Slaves. - Negroes ruled out of the

Militia Establishment upon Condition. - Population of the Jerseys in 1738 and 1745

THE COLONY OF SOUTH CAROLINA.

The Carolinas receive two Different Charters from the Crown of Great Britain. - Era of

Slavery Legislation. — Law establishing Slavery. —The Slave Population of this Prov-

ince regarded as Chattel Property. — Trial of Slaves. Increase of Slave Population. -

The Increase in the Rice-Trade. - Severe Laws regulating the Private and Public Con-

duct of Slaves. - Punishment of Slaves for running away. - The Life of Slaves re-

garded as of Little Consequence by the Violent Master Class. — An Act empowering

two Justices of the Peace to investigate Treatment of Slaves. - An Act prohibiting the

Overworking of Slaves. - Slave-Market at Charleston. - Insurrection. - A Law authoriz-

ing the carrying of Fire-Arms among the Whites. - The Enlistment of Slaves to serve in

Time of Alarm. - Negroes admitted to the Militia Service. - Compensation to Masters

for the Loss of Slaves killed by the Enemy or who desert. - Few Slaves manumitted.

From 1754-76, Little Legislation on the Subject of Slavery. Threatening War between

England and her Provincial Dependencies. The Effect upon Public Sentiment

THE COLONY OF NORTH CAROLINA.

The Geographical Situation of North Carolina favorable to the Slave-Trade. - The Locke

Constitution adopted. — William Sayle commissioned Governor. - Legislative Career of

the Colony. The Introduction of the Established Church of England into the Colony.

-The Rights of Negroes controlled absolutely by their Masters. An Act respecting

Conspiracies. The Wrath of Ill-natured Whites visited upon their Slaves. An Act

against the Emancipation of Slaves. — Limited Rights of Free Negroes.

THE COLONY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.

The Provincial Government of Massachusetts exercises Authority over the State of New

Hampshire at its Organization. - Slavery existed from the Beginning. The Governor

releases a Slave from Bondage. - Instruction against Importation of Slaves. Several

Acts regulating the Conduct of Servants. - The Indifferent Treatment of Slaves. - The

Importation of Indian Servants forbidden. An Act checking the Severe Treatment of

Servants and Slaves. — Slaves in the Colony until the Commencement of Hostilities

THE COLONY OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Organization of the Government of Pennsylvania. - The Swedes and Dutch plant Settle-

ments on the Western Bank of the Delaware River. The Governor of New York seeks

to exercise Jurisdiction over the Territory of Pennsylvania. - The First Laws agreed

upon in England. - Provisions of the Law. - Memorial against Slavery draughted and

adopted by the Germantown Friends. - William Penn presents a Bill for the Better

Regulation of Servants. An Act preventing the Importation of Negroes and Indians.

-Rights of Negroes. - A Duty laid upon Negroes and Mulatto Slaves. - The Quaker

the Friend of the Negro.- England begins to threaten her Dependencies in North

America. The People of Pennsylvania reflect upon the Probable Outrages their

Negroes might commit

THE COLONY OF GEORGIA.

Georgia once included in the Territory of Carolina. The Thirteenth Colony planted in

North America by the English Government. Slaves ruled out altogether by the Trus-

tees. The Opinion of Gen. Oglethorpe concerning Slavery.-Long and Bitter Discus-

sion in Regard to the Admission of Slavery into the Colony.—Slavery introduced. —

History of Slavery in Georgia

Part EEE.

THE NEGRO DURING THE REVOLUTION.

MILITARY EMPLOYMENT OF NEGROES.

The Colonial States in 1715. - Ratification of the Non-Importation Act by the Southern

Colonies.-George Washington presents Resolutions against Slavery, in a Meeting at

Fairfax Court-House, Va.- Letter written by Benjamin Franklin to Dean Woodward,

pertaining to Slavery. Letter to the Freemen of Virginia from a Committee, concern-

ing the Slaves brought from Jamaica.· Severe Treatment of Slaves in the Colonies

modified. Advertisement in "The Boston Gazette" of the Runaway Slave Crispus

Attucks. The Boston Massacre. Its Results. - Crispus Attucks shows his Loyalty.

- His Spirited Letter to the Tory Governor of the Province. Slaves admitted into the

Army. The Condition of the Continental Army. - Spirited Debate in the Continental

Congress, over the Draught of a Letter to Gen. Washington. - Instructions to discharge

all Slaves and Free Negroes in his Army. - Minutes of the Meeting held at Cambridge.

-Lord Dunmore's Proclamation. - Prejudice in the Southern Colonies. Negroes in

Virginia flock to the British Army. - Caution to the Negroes printed in a Williamsburg

Paper. The Virginia Convention answers the Proclamation of Lord Dunmore.

Gen. Greene, in a Letter to Gen. Washington, calls Attention to the raising of a Negro

Regiment on Staten Island.Letter from a Hessian Officer. - Connecticut Legislature

on the Subject of Employment of Negroes as Soldiers. Gen. Varnum's Letter to Gen.

Washington, suggesting the Employment of Negroes, sent to Gov. Cooke. - The Gov-

ernor refers Varnum's Letter to the General Assembly. - Minority Protest against

enlisting Slaves to serve in the Army. - Massachusetts tries to secure Legal Enlistments

of Negro Troops. - Letter of Thomas Kench to the Council and House of Representa-

tives, Boston, Mass.- Negroes serve in White Organizations until the Close of the

American Revolution. Negro Soldiers serve in Virginia. - Maryland employs Negroes.

-New York passes an Act providing for the Raising of two Colored Regiments. - War

in the Middle and Southern Colonies. - Hamilton's Letter to John Jay. Col. Laurens's

Efforts to raise Negro Troops in South Carolina. — Proclamation of Sir Henry Clinton

inducing Negroes to desert the Rebel Army. - Lord Cornwallis issues a Proclamation

offering Protection to all Negroes seeking his Command. - Col. Laurens is called to

France on Important Business. His Plan for securing Black Levies for the South

upon his Return. - His Letters to Gen. Washington in Regard to his Fruitless Plans. ·

Capt. David Humphreys recruits a Company of Colored Infantry in Connecticut. -

Return of Negroes in the Army in 1778

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