Table showing the territory possessed by the United States at the adoption of the Constitution, in which the institution of slavery now exists, viz :

The area of the territory of the United States now comprises 3,210,572 square miles; of which 2,366,428 are free, and 844,144 are slaveholding.

Since the adoption of the Constitution the area of new territory acquired by the United States is 2,446,089 square miles; of which 1,983,491 are free, and 462,598 are slaveholding.

Table showing the free territory acquired by the United States since the adoption of the Constitution, viz:

Table showing the slaveholding Territory acquired by the United States since the

States.

Louisiana

Arkansas.

Missouri..

Florida.....

adoption of the Constitution, viz:

Thus it appears by the irrefragable evidence of facts and figures, that after the magnanimous cession of Virginia in 1784, and the adoption of the Ordinance of 1787, the largest portion of the area of territory belonging to the Union has been free. And of the territory since acquired, three-quarters have been reserved for the institution of freedom.

And the same is true in regard to the balance of political power. At the adoption of the Constitution there were seven free States, or States which have since abolished slavery; and six slaveholding States. There are now sixteen free States and fifteen slaveholding States.

And since the adoption of the Constitution the balance of political power in Congress has generally remained with the free States as will be seen by the following table:

A portion of Minnesota was embraced in the cession of Virginia and is covered by the Ordinance of 1787.

We class these States as free. The establishment of slavery in them depends upon the decision of the people, precisely as in New Mexico and Utah.

APPORTIONMENTS OF REPRESENTATIVES.

329

Table showing the apportionments of Representatives of the several States in Congress under the Constitution, and the various Censuses, from 1800 to 1850, inclusive.

In the Senate the relative political power of free and slaveholding States, at the same dates, of the apportionment of Representatives, was as follows, viz:

There are now six organized territories in the Union, all of which, we have no doubt, will come in free. Thus the balance of political power was with the free States at the adoption of the Constitution, is now, and in all probability will be, as long as the Republic shall exist.

In connection with this subject it is proper to remark, that the North has never given up a foot of land to slavery, while the South has surrendered to freedom as much territory, originally slave, as would now more than equal the area of all the slave States. In the first place, the slave States gave up their rights in the Northwestern Territories by the Ordinance of 1787; and they also surrendered the whole Louisiana purchase, except Louisiana, Arkansas, and Missouri. This vast Territory, surrendered to freedom, embraced an area of nearly 1,000,000 square miles, and includes the State of Iowa, and the Territories of Kansas, Nebraska, Oregon, Washington, and Minnesota. The repeal of the Missouri Compromise opens to the actual settlers of Nebraska and Kansas the settlement of the question as to the establishment of slavery in those Territories. The present indications are, that they will both be admitted as free States.

As to the Presidents of the United States, there have been fourteen in the whole, viz:

From free States.
John Adams,
John Q. Adams,
Martin Van Buren,

Wm. H. Harrison,

Millard Fillmore,

Franklin Pierce.

From slave States.

George Washington,
Thomas Jefferson,
James Madison,
James Monroe,
Andrew Jackson,
John Tyler,
James K. Polk,

Zachary Taylor.

Of these, the first five were elected on account of their great services in the Revolution. The remaining nine may be considered as of the generation succeeding that of the Revolution; and of these, five are from the free States, and four from the slave States.

And in connection with this matter, it is proper to remark that John Tyler, a slaveholder, and Zachary Taylor, another slaveholder, who, just before his election, bought a plantation with two hundred slaves, were voted for, and elected by the free Abolition States par excellence-by Massachusetts, Vermont, Ohio, &c.-States which have been constantly denouncing slavery, and two of which have nullified the Fugitive Slave law. And it should also be remembered, that Wm. H. Seward, Charles Sumner, Henry Wilson, and others of the prominent Abolitionists and loud-mouthed denouncers of slavery, advocated the election of, and voted for, both John Tyler and Zachary Taylor! Consistent jewels they are, and marvelously honest men.

Taking the two Presidents from the slave States who were elected by the free Abolition Whig States, and we have six Presidents from the slave States, and seven elected by the free States.

Again the Abolitionists are constantly asserting that the South enjoys all the offices of the Government, while the North enjoys but an inconsiderable part of them in comparison with its population. In this matter they are guilty of ignorant or willful misrepresentation, as in all other matters touching the relations of the North and South.

Attached to the public offices at Washington in 1852, (we have no later data,) there were about seven hundred and fifty office-holders, including Secretaries, heads of bureaus, and clerks. Of these, the free States furnished at least one-half.

On the other hand, in the North are the great Custom-houses, Post Offices, and Sub Treasuries. In the three great Custom-houses of Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, there were, in 1852, one thousand one hundred and twenty-three persons employed-several hundred more than the whole number attached to the Government at Washington. And, since 1852, the Custom-house officers in the free States have been increased.* These are all enjoyed by the citizens of the free States. There are many hundreds more attached to the large Post Offices, and other institutions of the General Government located in the free States.

In the number of offices and amount of salaries under the General Government, taking the whole Union together, the citizens of the free States have greatly the advantage over the citizens of the slave States. In the benefits arising from the collection of the revenue, the advantage is greatly on the side of the free States.

From the foundation of the Government to 1852, the cost of collecting the national revenue was about $53,000,000. Of this sum, $43,000,000 was expended in the free States, and only $10,000,000 in the slave States.

In the benefits arising from the expenditures of the General Government, the free States have greatly the advantage over the Southern.

In four years, commencing with 1833, and ending with 1837, the whole expenditure of the General Government was $102,000,000; of which sum, $65,000,000 were expended in the free States, and only $37,000,000 were expended in the slave States. An accurate calculation of all the expenditures of the General Government, from its foundation to the present time, except, perhaps, in war, would exhibit a similar result.

In the benefits arising from the fishing bounties, the advantage is altogether on the side of the free States, and mainly of abolitionized and seditious Massachusetts. From the adoption of the Constitution to 1852 the amount paid out for bounties to fishermen, is, in round numbers, $11,000,000. Of this sum the South received less than $200,000, the remainder all going to the free States.

In the expenditures for fortifications upon the seaboard, the advantage is on the side of the free States. The Federal Government

During the financial year ending June 30, 1852, the number of persons employed in the three Custom-houses of Boston, New York, and Philadelphia was one thousand three hundred and sixty-three. The whole number employed during the same year in the whole Union was two thousand nine hundred and thirty-four; of whom two thousand two hundred and eighty-seven were employed in the free States, and six hundred and forty-seven were employed in the slave States. During the same year the whole cost of collecting the revenue was $3,356,106; of which $2,679,137 was expended in the free States, and $676,969 was expended in the slave States. See Guthrie's Report of the Finances for 1854-'5; Sen. Doc. No. 2, 1st session, 34th Congress.

had, up to 1852, expended $838 76 for every mile of sea-coast in the free States, and only $545 17 for every mile in the slave States.

The Lighthouse system exhibits similar results. The whole sum appropriated by Congress for lighthouses, beacons, &c., in the United States, up to the year 1854 inclusive, was $2,226,078; of which $1,190,473 was for the free States, and $1,035,605 for the slave Statesthe latter possessing much the largest extent of sea-coast.

The Internal improvement system exhibits very much greater incongruities. From the foundation of the Federal Government to 1845, (the latest data within our reach,) there had been expended for roads, harbors and rivers, exclusive of the Ohio and Mississippi, (which are common to the free and slave States,) the sum of $15,201,223. Of this sum $12,743,407 was expended in the free States, and only $2,757,816 in the slave States. The expenditures since then and the amount of public land appropriated to the construction of railroads in the free States, would exhibit a far greater inequality between the advantages derived by the two sections, from such expenditures and appropriations. The specific facts are not at our command at present, or we would give them.

The Pension system seems to be equally beneficial to the free States, and detrimental to the slave States. From 1791 to 1838, inclusive, the whole sum paid out for Revolutionary pensions alone, by the General Government, was $35,598,964; of which sum the free States received $28,262,597; the slave States receiving only $7,336,367.

The whole sum paid out by the Government for pensions of all kinds during the four years ending in 1837, was $10,598,152; of which sum the free States received $8,010,152, and the slave States $2,598,101. And of the $8,010,152, paid out in the free States, New England, the fountain head of treasonable abolitionism, received $3,924,911, or nearly one half.*

If we had the public documents from the foundation of the Government to the present time, to which we could appeal, the results which we could show, would be still more striking. We should then be able to present such an array of figures and facts, showing the immense benefits and advantages resulting from the Union to the North, in comparison with those received by the South, as would confound and overwhelm the renegade preachers and promoters of ill-blood between the North and South-stamping upon their brazen foreheads in indellible letters of infamy the hypocrisy, the misrepresentation, the falsehood, and the TREASON, of which they are guilty.

But, we have not the means at hand, but which we know exists, to recapitulate all the advantages which the free States enjoy over the South, through the instrumentality of the Union. Among those advantages we will merely refer to the great navy yards, the National Mint, marine hospitals, &c.

For many of our statistical facts we are indebted to a pamphlet of great research and ability, entitled, "The Union, Past and Future," published at Washington in 1850; to which we refer readers for a vast amount of interesting information bearing upon the relations of the two great sections of the Union, the North and the South.