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was deliberate, and exerted a happy influence on his division.

Lieutenant Butt fought his gun with activity, and during the action was gay and smiling.

The marine corps was well represented by Captain Thom, whose tranquil mien gave evidence that the hottest fire was no novelty to him. One of his guns was served effectively and creditably by a detachment of the United Artillery, of Norfolk, under the command of Captain Kevill. The muzzle of their gun was struck by a shell from the enemy, which broke off a piece of the gun, but they continued to fire as if it was uninjured.

It is now due that I should mention my personal staff. To that gallant young officer Flag Lieutenant Minor, I am much indebted for his promptness in the execution of signals; for re newing the flag-staffs when shot away-being thereby greatly exposed; for his watchfulness in keeping the confederate flag up; his alacrity in conveying my orders to the different divisions; and for his general cool and gallant bearing.

My aid, Acting Midshipman Rootes, of the navy, Lieutenant Forrest, of the army, who served as a volunteer aid, and my clerk, Mr. Arthur St. Clair, Jr., are entitled to my thanks for the activi ty with which my orders were conveyed to the different parts of the ship. During the hottest of the fight, they were always at their posts, giving evidence of their coolness. Having reflag-ship, immediately under my notice, I come now to a no less pleasing task, when I attempt to mark my approbation of the bearing of those serving in the other vessels of the squadron.

Midshipmen Foute, Marmaduke, Littlepage, Craig, and Long redered valuable services. Their conduct would have been creditable to older heads, and gave great promise of future useful-ferred to the good conduct of the officers in the ness. Midshipman Marmaduke, though receiving several painful wounds early in the action, manfully fought his gun until the close. He is now at the hospital.

Paymaster Semple volunteered for any service, Commodore John R. Tucker, of the Patrick and was assigned to the command of the powder Henry, and Lieutenants Commanding J. N. Bardivision, an important and complicated duty, ney, of the Jamestown, and W. A. Webb, of the which could not have been better performed. Teazer, deserve great praise for their gallant conSurgeon Phillips and Assistant Surgeon Gar- duct throughout the engagement. Their judg nett were prompt and attentive in the discharge ment in selecting their positions for attacking of their duties; their kind and considerate care the enemy was good; their constant fire was deof the wounded, and the skill and ability dis-structive, and contributed much to the success played in the treatment, won for them the esteem of the day. The "general order," under which and gratitude of all who came under their charge, the squadron went into action, required, that in and justly entitled them to the confidence of of the absence of all signals, each commanding offificers and crew. I beg leave to call the attention cer was to exercise his own judgment and disof the department to the case of Doctor Gar-cretion in doing all the damage he could to the nett. He stands deservedly high in his profes- enemy, and to sink before surrendering. From sion, is at the head of the list of assistant sur- the bearing of those officers, on the eighth, I am geons, and there being a vacancy, in consequence fully satisfied that that order would have been of the recent death of Surgeon Blacknall, I carried out. should be much gratified if Doctor Garnett could be promoted to it.

Commander Tucker speaks highly of all under him, and desires particularly to notice that LieuThe engines and machinery, upon which so tenant-Colonel Cadwallader, St. George Noland, much depended, performed much better than commanding the post at Mulberry Island, on was expected. This is due to the intelligence, hearing of the deficiency in the complement of experience, and coolness of Acting Chief-Engineer the Patrick Henry, promptly offered the services Ramsey. His efforts were ably seconded by his of ten of his men as volunteers for the occasion, assistants Tynan, Campbell, Herring, Jack, and one of whom, George E. Webb, of the GreenWhite. As Mr. Ramsey is only Acting Chief-ville Guards, Commander Tucker regrets to say, Engineer, I respectfully recommend his promo- was killed.

tion to the rank of Chief; and would also ask Lieutenant Commanding Barney reports "evethat second Assistant Engineer Campbell may ry officer and man on board of the ship performbe promoted to First Assistant-he having per-ed his whole duty, evincing a courage and fearformed the duties of that grade during the en-lessness worthy of the cause for which we are gagement.

The forward officers, boatswain Hasker, gunner Oliver, and carpenter Lindsey, discharged well all the duties required of them. The boatswain had charge of a gun, and fought it well. The gunner was indefatigable in his efforts; his experience and exertions as a gunner have contributed very materially to the efficiency of the battery.

Acting Master Parrish was assisted in piloting the ship by pilots Wright, Williams, Clark, and Cunningham. They were necessarily much exposed.

fighting.

Lieutenant Commanding Webb specially notices the coolness displayed by Acting Master Face and third Assistant-Engineer Quinn, when facing the heavy fire of artillery and musketry from the shore, whilst the Teazer was standing in to cover the boat in which, as previously stated, Lieutenant Minor had gone to burn the Con gress. Several of his men were badly wounded.

The Raleigh, early in the action, had her gun-carriage disabled, which compelled her to withdraw. As soon as he had repaired damages as well as he could, Lieutenant Commanding

Alexander resumed his position in the line. He of such service by those persons as a breach of sustained himself gallantly during the remainder parole, and punish it accordingly, this governof the day, and speaks highly of all under his ment will resort to retaliatory measures as the command. That evening he was ordered to Nor-only means of compelling the observance of the folk for repairs. rules of civilized warfare.

The Beaufort, Lieutenant Commanding Parker, was in close contact with the enemy frequently during the day, and all on board behaved gallantly.

Lieutenant Commanding Parker expresses his warmest thanks to his officers and men for their coolness. Acting Midshipman Foreman, who accompanied him as volunteer aid, Midshipman Mallory and Newton, captain's clerk, Bain, and Mr. Gray, pilot, are all specially mentioned by him.

On the twenty-first instant, I forwarded to the department correct lists of the casualties on board all the vessels of the squadron, on the eighth; none, it appears, occurred on the ninth. While in the act of closing this report, I received the communication of the department, dated twenty-second instant, relieving me temporarily of the command of the squadron for the naval defences of James River. I feel honored in being relieved by the gallant Flag-Officer Tatnall.

I much regret that I am not now in a condition to resume my command, but trust that I shall soon be restored to health, when I shall be ready for any duty that may be assigned to me. Very respectfully,

Hon. S. R. MALLORY,

FRANKLIN BUCHANAN,
Flag-Officer.

Secretary of the Navy.

Doc. 7.

OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE.

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC.

GENERAL LEE ΤΟ GENERAL MCCLELLAN,

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, July 21, 1862. ( To Major-General George B. McClellan, Commanding Army of the Potomac :

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your
obedient servant,
R. E. LEE,
General Commanding.

GENERAL HALLECK TO GENERAL MCCLELLAN.
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
WASHINGTON, August 13.

Major-General George B. McClellan, Command-
ing Army of the Potomac :

GENERAL: I have just received from the Adjutant-General's office your letter of July thirtieth, inclosing a letter from General R. E. Lee of July twenty-first. The letters of General Dix and Major Wood will furnish you with the proper information for a reply to General Lee's complaints in regard to the treatment of prisoners at Fort Monroe. The Government of the United States has never authorized any extortion of oaths of allegiance or military paroles, and has forbidden any measures to be resorted to tending to that end. Instead of extorting oaths of allegiance and paroles, it has refused the application of several thousand prisoners to be permitted to take them and return to their homes in the rebel States. At the same time this Government claims, and will exercise the right to arrest, imprison, or place beyond its military lines, any person suspected of giving aid and information to its enemies, or of any other treason able act. And if persons so arrested voluntarily take the oath of allegiance, or give their military parole, and afterward violate their plighted faith, they will be punished according to the laws and usages of war. You will assure General Lee that no unseemly threats of retaliation on his part will deter this Government from exercising its lawful rights over both the persons and property of whatsoever name or character. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief, U. S. Army.

GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HALLECK.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE C. S.,
NEAR RICHMOND, August 2.

To the General Commanding the Army of the
United States, Washington:

GENERAL: It has come to my knowledge that many of our citizens, engaged in peaceful avocations, have been arrested and imprisoned because they refused to take the oath of allegiance to the United States, while others, by hard and harsh treatment, have been compelled to take an oath not to bear arms against that Government. GENERAL: On the twenty-ninth of June last, I have learned that about one hundred of the I was instructed by the Secretary of War to in latter class have been released from Fortress quire of Major-General McClellan as to the truth Monroe. This government refuses to admit the of alleged murders committed on our citizens by right of the authorities of the United States to officers of the United States army. The cases of arrest our citizens and extort from them their Wm. B. Mumford, reported to have been murderparole not to render military service to their | ed at New-Orleans, by order of Major-General B. country, under the penalty of incurring punish- F. Butler, and Colonel John Owen, reported to ment in case they fall into the hands of your forces. I am directed by the Secretary of War to inform you that such oaths will not be regarded as obligatory, and persons who take them will be required to render military service.

Should your Government treat the rendition

have been murdered in Missouri, by order of Major-General Pope, were those referred to. I had the honor to be informed by Major-General McClellan that he had referred these inquiries to his Government for a reply. No answer has as yet been received. The President of the con

federate States has since been credibly informed warfare, and that all excesses will be duly pun. that numerous other officers of the army ished. In regard to the burning of bridges, etc., of the United States, within the Confederacy, have been guilty of felonies and capital offences which are punishable by all laws, human and divine.

within our lines, by persons in disguise as peaceful citizens, I refer you to my letter of the twenty-second of January last, to General Price. I think you will find the views there expressed as not materially differing from those stated in your lives of innocent persons, I know of no modern authority which justifies it, except in the extreme case of a war with any uncivilized foe, which has himself first established such a barbarous rule. The United States will never countenance such a proceeding unless forced to do so by the barbarous conduct of an enemy who first applies such a rule to our own citizens. Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

I am directed by him to bring to your notice a few of those. The best authenticated news-letter. In regard to retaliation by taking the papers received from the United States announce as a fact that Major-General Hunter has armed slaves for the murder of their masters, and has thus done all in his power to inaugurate a servile war, which is worse than that of the savage, inasmuch as it superadds other horrors to the indiscriminate slaughter of ages, sexes, and conditions. Brigadier-General Phelps is reported to have initiated at New-Orleans the example set by Major-General Hunter on the coast of SouthCarolina. Brigadier-General G. W. Fitch is stated in the same journal to have murdered in cold blood two peaceful citizens, because one of his men, while invading our country, was killed by some unknown person while defending his home.

I am instructed by the President of the confederate States to repeat the inquiry relative to the cases of Mumford and Owen, and to ask whether the statements in relation to the action of Generals Hunter, Phelps, and Fitch are admitted to be true, and whether the conduct of these generals is sanctioned by their Government. I am further directed by his Excellency to give notice that in the event of not receiving a reply to these inquiries within fifteen days from the delivery of this letter, that it will be assumed that the alleged facts are true and are sanctioned by the Government of the United States.

H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief U. S. Army.

}

GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HALLECK.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE C. S.,
NEAR RICHMOND, VA., Aug. 2, 1862.
To the General Commanding the U. S. Army,
Washington:

GENERAL: In obedience to the order of his Excellency the President of the confederate States, I have the honor to make you the following communication:

On the twenty-second of July last a cartel for a general exchange of prisoners was signed by Major-General John A. Dix, on behalf of the United States, and by Major-General D. H. Hill, on the part of this government. By the terms of that cartel it is stipulated that all prisoners of war hereafter taken shall be discharged on parole until exchanged. Scarcely had the cartel been In such an event, on that Government will signed when the military authorities of the rest the responsibility of the retributive or retali- United States commenced a practice, changing atory measures which shall be adopted to put an the character of the war from such as becomes end to the merciless atrocities which now char-civilized nations into a campaign of indiscrimi acterize the war against the confederate States. nate robbery and murder. I am, most respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, General Commanding.

GENERAL HALLECK TO GENERAL LEE.
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
WASHINGTON, August 7,

General Lee, Commanding, etc.:
GENERAL: Your letter of July sixth was re-
ceived at the Adjutant-General's office on the
fourteenth, but supposing from its indorsement
that it required no further reply, it was filed
without being shown to the President or Secre-
tary of War.

I learn to-day for the first time that such letter had been received, and hasten to reply.

A general order issued by the Secretary of War of the United States, in the city of Washington, on the very day that the cartel was signed in Virginia, directs the military commanders of the United States to take the property of our people for the convenience and use of the army without compensation.

A general order issued by Major-General Pope, on the twenty-third of July last, the day after the date of the cartel, directs the murder of our peaceful citizens as spies, if found quietly tilling their farms in his rear, even outside of his lines.

And one of his Brigadier-Generals, Steinwehr, has seized innocent and peaceful inhabitants to be held as hostages, to the end that they may bo No authentic information has been received in murdered in cold blood if any of his soldiers are relation to the execution of either John Owen or killed by some unknown persons whom he Mumford; but measures will be immediately designates as "bushwhackers." Some of the taken to ascertain the facts of these alleged exe-military authorities seem to suppose that their cutions, of which you will be duly informed. end will be better attained by a savage war in I need hardly assure you, General, that, so which no quarter is to be given and no age or sex far as the United States authorities are concern-is to be spared, than by such hostilities as are ed, this contest will be carried on in strict ac-alone recognized to be lawful in modern times. cordance with the laws and usages of modern We find ourselves driven by our enemies by

steady progress toward a practice which we abhor, and which we are vainly struggling to avoid.

Under these circumstances, this government has issued the accompanying general order, which I am directed by the President to transmit to you, recognizing Major-General Pope and his commissioned officers to be in the position which they have chosen for themselves-that of robbers and murderers, and not that of public enemies, entitled, if captured, to be treated as prisoners of war. The President also instructs me to inform you that we renounce our right of retaliation on the innocent, and will continue to treat the private soldiers of General Pope's army as prisoners of war; but if, after notice to your Government that they confine repressive measures to the punishment of commissioned officers who are willing to participate in these crimes, the savage practices threatened in the orders alluded to be persisted in, we shall reluctantly be forced to the last resort of accepting the war on the terms chosen by our enemies, until the voice of an outraged humanity shall compel a respect for the recognized usages of war. While the President considers that the facts referred to would justify a refusal on our part to execute the cartel by which we have agreed to liberate an excess of prisoners of war in our hands, a sacred regard for plighted faith which shrinks from the semblance of breaking a promise precludes a resort to such an extremity, nor is it his desire to extend, to any other forces of the United States the punishment merited by General Pope and such commissioned officers as choose to participate in

the execution of his infamous order.

I have the honor to be very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. E. LEE, General Commanding.

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campaign, at all necessary. But having been prompted in self-defence to publish my own report, immediately on observing in a daily journal an extract from that officer's report reflecting on my division, published in advance of the official document printed by order of Congress, and having subsequently discovered in the latter further statements injurious to myself and my command, I was led to open a correspondence with several general officers who served in that campaign. This correspondence has but recently closed. It has brought to light some interesting facts, and I have taken the earliest leisure I could devote to the matter to lay these developments before my countrymen. The services of my division have been either misinterpreted or misunderstood; and consequent misrepresentations, as discreditable to the author as unjust to myself, have been issued to the world in every form of publication by the hundred thousand copies. It is an unpleasant task to revert to this subject, for before the war I had entertained no other feelings than those of amity for General McClellan, and confidence in his ability and integrity. When, however, assertions are made which in my judgment are unsupported by facts, it becomes my duty to "rectify the record." proceed: General McClellan, in his official report, (House Rep. Ex. Doc. No. 15, page 137,) quotes from and indorses General Heintzelman's report, with respect to the operations of my di vision in the battle of Nelson's Farm, Glendale or New-Market Cross-Roads, as variously called rather freely, considering that Heintzelman was all the time in my rear, separated by a strip of pine forest from my battle-ground, where he could, from personal observation, know absolutely nothing of what was passing in my division.

I now

One of these quotations is the following: "General Heintzelman states that about five o'clock P.M., General McCall's division was attacked in large force, evidently the principal attack; that in less than an hour the division gave way.'

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In order to expose the error here promulgated it is only necessary to cite General McClellan himself. On the same page and the following one of his report, (pp. 137-8,) he makes this statement: "General Sumner says of this battle:

'The battle of Glendale was the most severe action since the battle of Fair Oaks. About 3 (three) o'clock P.M., the action commenced, and after a furious contest, lasting till after dark, the enemy was routed at all points and driven from the field.'"

Now it is known beyond the possibility of a cavil that my division was engaged with the enemy, single-handed, for two hours before either Sumner or Hooker saw the enemy at all; for it was not until about 5 (five) P.M. when Seymour's brigade of my division was forced back on Sumcommands of either of these officers became enner's right and partially on Hooker, that the gaged. That these troops received the shock handsomely, no one has denied; though General Sumner told me in Washington about the early

part of November, 1862, that he believed General Hooker's division would have been driven in by the impetuosity of the enemy, had he not sent the best regiment of his corps (Colonel Owen, Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania volunteers) to the support of that General. This en passant. But what makes the official report of General Heintzelman appear a little singular is the fact that General Hooker, who commanded a division of Heintzelman's corps, in his official report to Heintzelman himself, makes this statement: | "About three o'clock the enemy commenced a vigorous attack on McCall." (See REBELLION RECORD, Vol. V. p. 260.) Thus, both Sumner and Hooker being in my immediate vicinity, and their unasked testimony as to the hour at which | my division was attacked agreeing with my own official report, it is rendered patent that my division was attacked at three o'clock P.M., and not at five o'clock P.M., as reported by General McClellan.

sion, was captured in my presence, I rode to the centre of the division in order to bring up a sufficient force to recover the battery which still lay upon its own ground, some of the guns overturned and surrounded by forty odd dead horses; but I found the centre so hotly engaged as to demand all my attention and solicitude until the attack at that point should be repelled, which in a short time I had the satisfaction to witness, with the capture of the standard of the Tenth Alabama. In the mean time Randall's battery was recaptured by Lieutenant-Colonel Bollinger, of the Seventh, "after one of the guns had been turned upon him and its contents fired into his ranks." (See his-Bollinger's-testimony in my printed report.) And I now assert that the division was not compelled to give way, as stated by General McClellan.

On the same page with the foregoing (137) General McClellan states: "General McCall's troops soon began to emerge from the woods into With respect to my division having given way the open field. Several batteries were in position in less than an hour, I need only say that, as the and began to fire into the woods over the heads testimony of every officer commanding a regi- of our own men in front. Captain De Russy's ment and many others of the division proving battery was placed on the right of General Sumthe assertion to be unfounded, has been pub- ner's artillery, with orders to shell the woods." lished heretofore in my report, I shall now only It is necessary, in order that the foregoing refer to the frank and manly testimony of Gen-statement may be understood, to explain to the eral Meade, in a letter to me, dated Camp Warren-reader that it is a quotation from General Heintzton, Virginia, November seventh, 1862: elman's report, (Heintzelman himself having 'placed De Russy's battery,") and refers to an earlier part of the action, when Seymour's brigade of my division fell back on Sumner, and before Randall's battery was attacked. Indeed, McClellan's report of this battle is rather obscure and unintelligible to one not present; but the reader is recommended to compare the above from McClellan's report, page 137, with Heintzelman's report in the COMPANion Volume RebelLION RECORD, p. 276.

66

It was only the stubborn resistance offered by our division, (the Pennsylvania reserves,) prolonging the contest till after dark, and checking till that time the advance of the enemy, that enabled the concentration during the night of the whole army on James River, which saved it." (See printed report.)

It is thus rendered equally patent that my division did not give way in less than an hour, but fought till night put an end to the battle.

The foregoing are my grounds for declaring the aforesaid passage in General McClellan's report to be not in accordance with facts.

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The history of this affair is as follows: When Seymour's brigade was driven in, the greater part were re-formed by their colonels in rear There is another passage in General McClel- of their own ground; the lesser part fell back lan's report the one immediately preceding that on Generals Sumner and Hooker, carrying with just discussed-in which he makes it appear that them some (200) two hundred prisoners just "my division was reluctantly compelled to give taken by them. On the strength of this display way before heavier forces accumulated upon of retiring forces, General Hooker reported offithem," and quotes my report. Whether my re- cially that McCall's "whole division was comport was misquoted or miscopied I cannot pre-pletely routed," etc. On the same data, General tend to say; but I certainly did not intend to convey that idea. What I did mean to convey is this: That the two regiments (Fourth and Seventh) of Meade's brigade, in support of Randall's battery 66 were reluctantly compelled to give way before heavier force accumulated upon them." And this will appear to every impartial reader when he reads in the next sentence of my report these emphatic words: "The centre of my division was still engaged." This sentence General McClellan ignores and omits, and of course the impression intended to be left on the public mind is, that I had stated in my report that my division was compelled to give way. This was not my intention, certainly. The truth is, hen Randall's battery, on the right of the divi

Sumner told me in Washington, early in November, 1862: "I saw your men coming out of the woods; but in a few minutes I saw they were stragglers, and I thought no more about it." Sumner was a brave and honorable man; and he would have scorned to say more or less than the truth. Peace to his ashes, in the name of God, amen!

In reference to this stage of the battle, when the enemy, following the left portion of Seymour's men, fell upon Sumner and Hooker, the latter states in his report that he "rolled the enemy back, and passing Sumner's front, they were by him hurriedly thrown over on to Kearny.' The gallant General might have said, without much stretch of the hyperbole, that the

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