straight against their chins because they had not anything under them. With the former Admiral of the Russian fleet a doorkeeper in the American Embassy, and that same admiral was on his flagship at Messina at the time of the earthquake. Men and women are stripped naked in order to make examinationseverywhere no balanced budgets, except in Britain; everywhere the exchange either so low that you can not buy from anybody else, or so high that nobody can buy from you. Yet, on the other hand, these people are sincerely desirous of peace. They are sick and tired of war, and rumors of war and preparations for war. If they only can get a chance they want to work out their own social, economic and political salvation, and I believe they will, if, I say it to you very frankly, America is somehow or other willing to do her share at the present moment.

The people of the rest of the world are aware of America as they could not possibly have been aware of her before 1914. We are recognized as the only disinterested nation. We have no harmful ambitions. We have no militarism, as that term ought to be defined. We are not afraid of any other one nation, protected as we are by our vast resources and two oceans: We are regarded, therefore, everywhere, as the one nation that can be trusted to carry out its good intentions, and as the one nation that has the highest of ideals. That is the fact wherever you go, and may I tell you, in closing, of just one interview which I had which I shall never forget because it illustrates so much of what I am saying to you tonight.

I was asked one December afternoon to be the guest at a tea in a beautifully appointed apartment in Cairo. You might have thought you were in Paris, London, or New York, except that all of the appointments were oriental. The men who had been invited to meet me were all of them graduates of American institutions in that part of the world and I had visited those three great American institutions, and may I say just a word or two about them, because I cannot let this address go by without paying a tribute to those great institutions which now for sixty years have been American in spirit, language, equipment and in everything that goes to make an institution properly effective the American College for Women in Constantinople is the finest equipped I have ever seen for the education of women anywhere. These women are influential all through the Near

East-one of them was chairman of the Albanian Commission at Paris.

The Bulgarian women are among the most influential women everywhere, and that beautiful institution looking over into Asia is one of the great signal towers and great melting pots for all that part of the world.

I went one night to spend the night at Robert College on the banks of the Bosphorous.

I was born out on the prairies of Illinois where anything that was fifty years old was so old we went around to put our name on it. I. a Western boy, went one night and slept in one of the faculty homes at Robert College. There had been a snow storm and snow had fallen on the European and Asian side of the Bosphorous, and I looked out of my window that night as I went to sleep and gazed upon towers that were just as good as the day they were built, but these towers were built by Mohammed the Conqueror, 50 years before Columbus started out to discover America. I tell you what must it mean to men of twenty nationalities, coming from all of those countries of the Near East from an area as wide as the whole area of America East of the Mississippi, to study in those surroundings with all of the history from the days of Xerxes. It is the American institution that stands at the gateway of the Near East, giving the training to all that part of the world, as you go down from that American University at Beyreuth. It has trained practically all of the physicians and surgeons in that region, for wherever we went, there were graduates of this American Institution, secretaries, or governors, heads of hospitals, physicians, always heads of the educational establishments in all of that part of the world.

I tell you if that part of the world is to be regenerated, it must be by the influence of these American institutions.

At Cairo there had been invited the graduates of these American institutions. One was in the Surgeon-General's office, another was very high in the educational administration of the Egyptian government, two of them owners of the paper which had the largest circulation in the Arab speaking world. The things they said that afternoon about America were kind beyond belief It made me very happy in a way, it made me very proud that they thought of America as they did and they made

me very anxious as to whether we were going to be able to be what they thought or said we already were.

We spent the afternoon-the Washington Conference was at its height. They pointed out if they could only have a conference of the Near East, called at the initiative of America, it would be an ideal thing. They said these ideals have been given to us by your Americans, we have the highest admiration for America, her ideals, her disinterestedness. At the same time a report which had been made by Mr. Charles R. Crane, with respect to what they wanted in that part of the world, was still in the archives of the State Department at Washington and had never been published. We Americans had lost very much because we had not accepted a mandate for that part of the world.

I am not discussing the League of Nations; I am not advocating that. If there was a time for America to have taken that mandate, that time has long since passed. That was the beginning of the second part of our interview.

They were orientals-very subtle. They did not use the brutal Anglo-Saxon I am using, but I understood them, and before that interview was over, I found this feeling of elation and pride giving way to a feeling of defeat instead, and responsibility, for they said: "Was America touched by the war? You gave 100,000 men, did you not, to the Allied cause? Britain gave a million, Italy gave 500,000, France gave one and one-half million, Russia two million." They said: "Were your resources touched?" They said: "It hardly seems possible to us that your resources could really have been drawn upon by this great Allied warfare in which you were engaged," and they said: "It looks to us as if at the end of this war in which you said you were as deeply concerned as was any country in the world, at the end of this war, it looks to us as if you closed your eyes and turned your back and went back to the isolation of your untouched resources and your unparalleled security and left the rest of the world to clean up after the war was over. They said: "America is now the best loved nation in this part of the world. You have invested one hundred years of your missionary activities, you have invested sixty years in these great American institutions, the work that you have done in these relief agencies is beyond our belief, but if you are going to turn your back and

refuse to carry your share of the responsibility instead of being the best beloved of all the nations of the world, you will be something else."

My beloved countrymen, I came back to this country of mine which I love so dearly, and which has such a marvelous opportunity at the present time, deeply concerned that we shall not go back to our isolation, that we shall not think that our problems are so difficult and so complicated that we have not enough money and enough influence and enough men and women to give intelligent direction and leadership in a part of the world that needs it so desperately and desires it so much, and I tell you that if we turn our back and refuse to bear intelligently our part of the responsibility, we shall be refused in Europe and in the Near East the greatest opportunity that any nation, I believe, ever had in the whole history of the world.

THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 22

9:00 o'clock Presbyterian House

Board of Directors Meeting

9:30 o'clock

Amphitheater

Mrs. Thomas G. Winter and Mrs. W. S. Jennings, Presiding.

BUSINESS SESSION

Invocation. Rev. J. B. Horton, Chautauqua.

Reports of Convention Committees:

*Credentials, Elections and Badges.

Mrs. Samuel Horner.

*Rules and Procedures. Mrs. Addison E. Sheldon.

*Resolutions. Mrs. Gardner Cowles.

Biennial Program. Mrs. Florence C. Floore.

Local Biennial Board. Mrs. George Thatcher Guernsey.

Reports of Officers:

Recording Secretary. Mrs. Adam Weiss.

Corresponding Secretary. Mrs. George W. Plummer.
Treasurer. Mrs. Benjamin B. Clark.

Auditor. Mrs. H. A. Guild.

President's Report. Mrs. Thomas G. Winter.

Greetings from Honorary Presidents. Mrs. Charles Henrotin, Mrs. Charles H. Denison, Mrs. Philip N. Moore, Mrs. Percy V. Pennybacker, Mrs. Josiah Evans Cowles

Reports of Committees:

Executive. Mrs. George W. Plummer.

Membership. Mrs. John L. Ruhl.

Transportation. Mrs. Felix T. McWhirter.

Greetings from Affiliated Organizations.

Reports of Committees:

Printing. Mrs. John T. Mason.

Finance. Mrs. John W. Watzek.

Report of Foreign Correspondent. Mrs. Dimies T. S. Denison.
Mid-Biennial Council:

Council Committee. Mrs. Elmer O. Leatherwood.
Council Program. Mrs. Charles Jacobson.

Greetings from National Council of Women. Mrs. Philip N.
Moore.

Greetings from National League of Women Voters. Mrs. Maud Wood Park.

* See business of convention.

REPORT OF MRS. FLORENCE C. FLOORE, PROGAM CHAIRMAN BIENNIAL CONVENTION, CHAU

TAUQUA, NEW YORK, JUNE 20-30, 1922

The object of the program as presented to the Board of Directors and adopted by them is-not to entertain and please the delegate body; not to be merely dramatic; not to strive to appear well constructed and thought out to the world at large, but to unite, through the officers, department chairmen and delegates at the Biennial, the members of the General Federation. The object of the program includes more than this. It is, through inspiration and information, to impress upon these united women the great need at this time for their concerted effort and to bring before them the important work that stands waiting for this organization.