supersede the Laws of particular States, 155. Pine-barren Acts, Paper money; Debts; executing the Laws, 157. Cognizance of Contro- versies, 159. Federal Laws conflicting with those of the States; Legisla- tion on Individuals instead of States; Treaties; Ends of the Constitution accomplished by a paramount Judiciary, .
Powers granted, &c., 182. Operation on Paper Money; its great Deprecia- tion; legal Tender, &c.,.....
Securities, no Power to interfere with them,.
Opposed to the previous Question; conditional Ratification alarming, Against standing out, and for Adoption,
Mr. GOUDY- for certain Rules to govern the Proceedings, Powers of Congress; Tendency to destroy the State Governments, Mr. JAMES GALLOWAY -
Laws supreme; Obligation of Contracts; Redemption of Securities,
Congress; Apprehension that it may perpetuate
Nature of Government; People may model it as they please,
Constitution not a Compact, &c,..
Further Remarks on the Necessity of fully debating the proposed Con- stitution,
Mr. HARDIMAN - Defence, where to apply,
Mr WHITMILL HILL-Requisition; Taxes, to be paid in Money Loans,.......
MI IREDELL-Full and fair Discussion necessary,.
Senatorial Term; Powers of the Senate; Reference to British Government, 35
Elections; Control by general Government; executive, legislative, and
the Military; his Council, their Opinion to be given in Writing; Ex- ample of England, 108. Responsibility; Pardon; Impeachment,.. Sovereignty of the States; Inequality of Suffrage in making Treaties, 125. Bribes; Impeachment, not proper to render the Senate liable to it; Usage of discussing Treaties in the British Parliament, 126. Surrender of Terri- tory without an Act of Parliament; relative Influence of the two Houses of Parliament, 123. Rulers should be watched; Amendments proposed by the four States,. 130
No Danger from the Apprehension of Aristocracy; Commons an Overmatch for King and Lords,...
Senate's Power ought to counteract that of the House, to preserve State Sovereignty, 133. Choice of President and Senators; Mode of nominat- ing; Approval of the Senate; Influence of the House preponderating, 134 Trial by Jury; the best; its Omission owing to the Difficulty of establishing a uniform Mode, 144. Old Confederation; Quotas; Debts; Supreme Court; Stamp Act; Bill of Rights, absurd and dangerous, Juries may be either in superior or inferior Courts,.. Trial by Jury; omitted from the Difficulty of the Case, in the Convention, arising from the different Modes that obtain in the States,. Jury Trial further noticed; Constitution should define Authority, so as to leave no Doubt; Congress claiming Power not given, a Usurpation,...... 170 Slaves, emancipated in some of the Northern States; "Persons," escaping, shall be delivered up to those entitled to Service; Reasons why the Northern Delegates objected to the word "Slave" being mentioned in the Constitution,
Amendments may be made; Suffrage in the Senate; Compromise on Slavery, &c.,....
Three Fourths may call a Convention to amend,.
Laws consistent with the Constitution binding on the People; Powers
Page. usurped; Powers intended to be given, legal without new Authority, &c., 179 Paper Money not affected, 185. Relative Importance of the Northern and Southern States,
Replies to general Objections,
Exclusive Legislation; States will stipulate; Insult to Congress in 1783; Powers enumerated, excluded from all others; Abuse of Power; Non- Adoption out of the Union; State of the Union in 1776; anticipates the Interest of the First Congress; Importance of framing the first Code of Laws,...
"Nine,' sufficient to establish the Constitution; Disadvantages in not joining the Union under the Constitution,. His Resolution for Yeas and Nays,.. Religion; Tests; Persecutions; its Toleration in America; Sacrament in Great Britain; Office open to all Religions; Guaranty explained; Presi dent must be a Native; Form of an Oath; governed by the Religion of the Person taking it; Case of an East Indian, a Gentoo, in Charles II.'s Time,
Moves for Ratification and subsequent Amendments, Gor. JOHNSTON - Vice-President's Vote defended, Representative accountable only to his Constituents, Impeachment; Removal; Disqualification, State Officers amenable to the Courts of Law,. Amendments; no Danger apprehended,
Powers; no Parallel between Congress and Parliament, Taxation, in Kind,
Treaties; Difference between Confederation and Constitution,
Fallacy of the Opinion that the Pope, or a Foreigner, may be chosen President; Religion,
Mr. WILLIE JONES for putting the Question upon the Constitution im- mediately,
Reasons for this Proposition,.
Ratification; wished to be out of the Union,.
Though no Share in the new Appointments, common Interest with Virginia; Jefferson, he stated, wished Ratification only to preserve the Union; Office Expectants, their Bias, &c.,.
Against Adoption; moved the previous Question; refuses to withdraw his Motion, Mr. LANCASTER- his Apprehensions for Constitutional Amendments, 212. Elections; President's conditional Negative; Two Thirds very rarely will agree to a Law; Appeals; Armies; Religion; Papists or Mahometans may occupy the Chair; Disqualification in the States; would oppose Adoption,
Mr. LOCKE-Constitution grants unlimited Powers, 168. Necessity of Pine- barren Acts; expedient to make Paper Money a legal Tender,. Opposes the Adoption,.
Mr. LENOIR - President's Treaty-inaking Power, a legislative Act, Convention exceeded its Powers; Reasons for opposing,.
Mr. MACLAINE-Distinction between a Monarchy and Republic,.
"We, the People," proper,
Constitution a Blank till adopted,
Vice-President's casting Vote,..
Biennial Elections defended,
Vice-President's Powers,..
Misdemeanors, by great State Officers, how redressed?
States, their Interests connected; Trial by Jury,
Power in the People, not in the States; Distinction between Law and Fact; Federal Jurisdiction limited,...
State and Federal Courts,.
Money Bills; Paper Money; Depreciation, though ultimately good,
Trial by Jury; further Explanations,
State Sovereignty not in Danger from Congress,.
Taxes will be inconsiderable; Congress will have Credit abroad; Adoption
will bring out Specie,.....
Trade, its Resources; Loans,
Mr. M'DOWALL-Elections; Control over Taxation, opposed to its Surrender to the general Government,..
Taxes; Consequence of Ambiguity,.
Bill of Rights essential; Elections,.
Mr. MILLER-Presidential Powers, a Defect in the Constitution,.
Mr. PERSON - for previous Question,....
Mr. PORTER-Money Clause, whence does the Power originate?. Treaty-making Power in the President and Senate,..
Treaties; House of Representatives ought to have a Vote in making them,.. 118
Mr. SHEPHERD- for full Discussion,...
Mr. SPAIGHT (a Member of the Federal Convention) — Taxes, whether paid to State or Federal Government, no Difference,.
Judiciary; Federal Convention unanimous in keeping separate the Federal and State Governments,
Trial by Jury; in the Federal Convention, considerable Time taken to investigate the Subject,
Convention, denies that it exceeded its Powers,.
Senate responsible to State Legislatures; Federal Constitution favorable to Trial by Jury; Religion, no Power over it; an Infidel will never be chosen for Office; Amendments; exclusive Legislation; Liberty of the Press; Census; Requisitions done away,..................
Mr. SPENCER- Governors, Servants of the People,. Objections to the new Form of Government, Refractory States; Elections, ..
Taxes, Interference between the States and the Federal Government; Objections,.
Executive Power; standing Council of one Member from each of the States, &c.,
Treaties should have the Sanction of all the Senate; Aristocracy should be guarded against,
Judiciary, Objections to the System,.
Preamble, "We, the People; " Oath, 153. Trial by Jury,.
Contends for a Bill of Rights; Power, Jurisdiction, and Right, not given up, remain in the States; objects to a Revision of Facts by Federal Court, and concurrent Jurisdiction dangerous,.
Mr. JOSEPH TAYLOR — Wording, “We, the People,” an assumed Power,.. 23
Appointments; Rights parted with,.
Impeachment, does it reach Collectors?
Elections, their Control in vague Terms, Electors, Objections to the Power,.
Mr. WILSON-wished Exclusion of Popish Priests from Office,...
YEAS AND NAYS, at large, on Amendment,
CLOSING PROCEEDINGS-"neither to ratify nor reject the Constitution," adopted by a large Majority,.....
ROBERT BARNWELL-for a limited Discussion, 263. Defence of the Con- stitution, 291. President's Responsibility; Treaties; Congressional Pay; Paper Medium; Trial by Jury; Preferences; Importation of Negroes; Carrying Trade; pleased with the Clause relative to Slaves,..... PIERCE BUTLER (one of the Members of the Federal Convention) — Im- peachment; Senate; Peace and War,..........
Mr. PATRICK CALHOUN — Religion; too great a Latitude allowed,.... PATRICK DOLLARD (in Convention) — his Constituents, to a Man, opposed to the Constitution for Want of a Bill of Rights, Com. GILLON-satisfied with the Doings of the Convention; in Favor of American Bottoms,.
Hon. RALPH IZARD-Right of Kings to make Treaties,
Mr. RAWLINS LOWNDES-Senate and the old Confederation; Constitution and Laws paramount; Presidential Powers,.. Treaties contrary to Law not valid; Eulogium on the Confederation, 271. New Government an Experiment; no adequate Advantage; Slavery,.... 272 Importation of Negroes, 272. Evils apprehended from the Laws of Congress; local Legislature; Fears for the Fate of the Southern States,.... Defence of the Confederation; Powers of the President; Representation; Senators; Commercial Advantages enjoyed by the Eastern States; Taxes; Congressional Pay; recommends another Convention, Explains his Argument on Treaties; Checks; limiting the Importation of Negroes an Evil; Navy to come from the East; Taxes; Expense of the Government; Presidential Powers; the "Well-born; "preparatory Plan for a Monarchy; Constitution ruinous to the Liberty of America,............. 308 Mr. JAMES LINCOLN opposes the Constitution, as an aristocratic Govern- ment; President may hold his Office for Life; Liberty of the Press forgotten; Bill of Rights essential,
Col. MASON-thanks Mr. Lowndes for his Opposition to the Constitution,... 316 Mr. JOHN MATTHEWS-denies the Efficiency of the Confederation, JUDGE PENDLETON - Impeachment,...
Only three States sanctioned the Importation of Negroes, CHARLES PINCKNEY (a Member of the Federal Convention)
a Member of the Federal Convention; Condition of the Country at the Close of the War; Defects of the Confederation, &c., 253. Necessity of a Government to operate on the People; Compromise; rapid Glance at different Parts of the System,...
President's Power; Responsibility, Observations on the System (before the Convention May 12.) But one Government in Europe that provides for civil Rights, 318. People Servants; Rulers supreme; Ireland; the Netherlands; America taught the Rights of Man, 319. Primogeniture, 320. Peopled classed; commercial foreign Trade, Root of public Distress; mechanical; agricultural, 321. Merchants; Mediocrity a leading Feature; Division into States; East- ern, 322. Middle; Maryland and the Southern States; Outline of the Legislation of Pennsylvania; Georgia; Maryland, 323. New York, Massachusetts, 325. Foreign Governments; Évils of a Republic, 326′
Constitution represents States as well as Governments; three principal Forms of Government considered,. CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY (a Member of the Federal Conven- tion) — Treaties, where to be lodged; President, the Power of proposing Treaties,
Objections answered; Treaties not repugnant to Laws; Mode of voting in Senate, &c.,. . .
Treaty of Peace, on its Promulgation; Recognizances discharged; Case of Love for Murder, .
Explanations on Treaties; paramount under the Confederation, 277. Vattel and Burlamaqui quoted; South Carolina interested in the Sacredness of Treaties; properly lodged in the Senate and President,.... Abuse of Power; Impeachment; Things under the Confederation pictured; The "three fifths," 230. Representation, 233. Sufferings of the Eastern States in the Cause of Independence; Negroes necessary in Cultivation for South Carolina; Compromise; Security against Emancipation; Fugi- tives recoverable,
Independent before the Treaty of Peace; replies to Mr. Lowndes's Objec- tions; Powers voted for the general Good; Elections; Representatives; Senate; Presidential Elections; Foreign Influence to be guarded against; commercial Preferences; Judiciary,.
Replies to Mr. Lincoln's Objections; Policy of the Reeligibility of the President; General Government, no Powers but what are expressly granted; Reasons why a Bill of Rights was not inserted,.. (In Convention) - 10th Sec. Art. 1. Money; Credit with Foreigners,..
On the Restrictive Clauses; Paper
Mr. PRINGLE (Speaker) - Treaty-making belongs to the executive Depart- ment; President and Senate do not possess legislative Power,.. DAVID RAMSAY-Treaties superior to local Laws,. Continental Debt; old Confederation dissolved,.
Hon. JACOB READ Confederation; Congress; its Efficiency farcical; Instances,.
Hon. JOHN RUTLEDGE (a Member of the Federal Convention) - Treaties paramount; their Mode of Ratification in England, and Operation in America, 267. Difficulties in '82 because nine States did not attend,..... 268 Treaties, the paramount Law; Eulogium on the Constitution,.. 311 Hon. EDWARD RUTLEDGE-Weakness of the Confederation; defends the Constitution, 274. Taxes, in Favor of the South; $10 a head on Negroes equivalent to 5 per cent. on Importations; all Free taxed; only two fifths of the Slaves taxed,.
Federal Convention did not exceed its Powers; Navigation; Exclusion from West India Trade, &c.,.. Gen. SUMPTER (in Convention) — moved an Adjournment, to give further Time for Consideration; rejected, yeas, 89; nays, 135, ALEXANDER TWEED (in Convention) - denies the Restrictions of his Con- stituents; open to Conviction; Reform needed; Importance of the Con- stitution,
QUESTION To assemble at Charleston the 12th of May; ayes, 76; nays, 75,.
RATIFICATION, (in Convention;) yeas, 149; nays, 73, CONGRESS of 1765. Note- List of Delegates and Extract from the Jour- nal, 341. Extract from Ramsay on Ratification,
ABOLITION. Right of Petition. H. R. January, 1836. — Cushing, ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS. June, 1798. — E. Livingston, Tazewell, 440. Report, 1799,
VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS of 1798, pronouncing the Sedition Laws to be un- constitutional, and defining the Rights of the States, drawn by Mr. Madison, 50% VOL. IV. B
« PreviousContinue » |