through want of coöperation from the French fleet. In 1779, he commanded an expedition against the Indians. He was afterwards a member of Congress, and for three years president of New Hampshire. In 1789, he was appointed a judge of the District Court, and continued in that office till his death, in 1795.

SULLIVAN, JAMES, was born at Berwick, Maine, in 1744, and, after passing the early part of his life in agricultural pursuits, adopted the profession of the law. He took an early part in the revolutionary struggle, and in 1775 was chosen a member of the Provincial Congress. In 1776, he was appointed a judge of the Superior Court. He was subsequently a member of Congress, a member of the executive council, judge of probate, and, in 1790, was appointed attorney-general. In 1807, he was elected governor of Massachusetts, and again in the following year, in the December of which he died. He was the author of a History of Land Titles, a History of the District of Maine, and an Essay on Banks. His rank at the bar was in the very first class, and in his private character he was distinguished for piety, patriotism, and integrity.

STARK, JOHN, a general in the army of the American revolution, was born in Londonderry, New Hampshire, in 1728. During the French war, he was captain of a company of rangers in the provincial service, in 1755, and was with Lord Howe when that general was killed, in storming the French lines at Ticonderoga, in 1758. On receiving the report of the battle of Lexington, he was engaged at work in his saw-mill; and, fired with indignation, seized his musket, and immediately proceeded to Cambridge. He was at the battles of Bunker's Hill and of Trenton, and achieved a glorious victory at Bennington. He rose to the rank of brigadier-general, and was distinguished throughout the war for enterprise and courage.

He died in 1822.

STEUBEN, FREDERICK WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, baron de, was a Prussian officer, aid-de-camp to Frederick the Great, and lieutenant-general in the army of that distinguished commander. He arrived in America in 1777, and immediately offered his services to the Continental Congress. In 1778, he was appointed inspector

general, with the rank of major-general, and rendered the most efficient services in the establishment of a regular system of discipline. During the war, he was exceedingly active and useful, and after the peace, he retired to a farm in the vicinity of New York, where, with the assistance of books and friends, he passed his time as agreeably as a frequent want of funds would permit. The state of New York afterwards gave him a tract of sixteen thousand acres in the county of Oneida, and the general government made him a grant of two thousand five hundred dollars per annum. He died in 1795, and, at his own request, was wrapped in his cloak, placed in a plain coffin, and hid in the earth, without a stone to tell where he was laid.

STANDISH, MILES, the first captain at Plymouth, New England, was born at Lancashire, in 1534, and accompanied Mr. Robinson's congregation to Plymouth, in 1620. His services in the wars with the Indians were highly useful, and many of his exploits were daring and extraordinary. He died in 1656.

TRUMBULL, JOHN, the author of McFingal, was born in Connecticut, in 1750, and was educated at Yale College, where he entered at a very early age. In 1772, he published the first part of his poem, the Progress of Dulness. In the following year, he was admitted to the bar in Connecticut, and, removing to Boston, continued his legal studies in the office of John Adams. He returned to his native state in 1774, and commenced practice at New Haven. The first part of McFingal was published at Philadelphia, in 1775: the poem was completed and published in 1782, at Hartford, where the author at that time lived. More than thirty editions of this work have been printed. In 1789, he was appointed state-attorney for the county of Hartford, and, in 1801, was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of Errors, and held this appointment till 1819. In 1820, a collection of his poems was published in two volumes, 8vo. In 1825, he removed to Detroit, where he died, in May, 1831.

TYLER, ROYALL, a lawyer and miscellaneous writer, was born in Boston, and graduated at Harvard College, in 1776. In 1790, he removed his residence to Vermont, and soon distinguished himself in his profession of

law. For six years he was an associate judge of the Supreme Court of that state, and for six years more chief justice. He was the author of several dramatic pieces of considerable merit; a novel, called the Algerine Captive; and numerous pieces, in prose and verse, published in the Farmers' Museum, when edited by Dennie. In addition to these, he published two volumes, entitled Vermont Reports. He died at Brattleborough, in 1825.

TILGHMAN, WILLIAM, an eminent jurist, was born in 1756, in Talbot county, on the eastern shore of Maryland. In 1772, he began the study of law in Philadelphia, but was not admitted to the practice of the profession till 1783. In 1788, and for some successive years, he was elected a representative to the legislature of Maryland. In 1793, he returned to Philadelphia, and pursued the practice of the law in that city till 1801, when he was appointed chief judge of the Circuit Court of the United States for the third circuit. After the abolition of this court, he resumed his profession, and continued in it till 1805, when he was appointed president of the Courts of Common Pleas in the first district of Pennsylvania. In the following year, he was commissioned as chief justice of the Supreme Court of that state. He died in 1827.

TUDOR, WILLIAM, a man of letters, was born in the state of Massachusetts, and was graduated at Harvard College, in 1796. He soon after visited Europe, and passed several years there. After having been some time a member of the legislature of his native state, he was appointed, in 1823, consul at Lima and for the ports of Peru. In 1827, he was appointed charge d'affaires of the United States at the court of Brazil. He died at Rio de Janeiro, in 1830. Mr. Tudor was the founder, and for two years the sole editor, of the North American Review. He was the author of Letters on the Eastern States, and a Life of James Otis, and left a number of volumes in manuscript, nearly prepared for the press.

WILLIAMS, OTHO HOLLAND, an officer in the American army, was born in Maryland, in 1748, served in various capacities during the revolutionary war, and fought at the battles of Guilford, Hobkirk's Hill, and the Eutaws. Before the disbanding of the army, he was made brigadier

general. For several years, he was collector at Baltimore. He died in 1794.

WINTHROP, JOHN, first governor of Massachusetts, was born at Groton, England, in 1587. He arrived, with the colonists, in Salem, in 1630, having a commission as their governor, and held this office, with the exception of six or seven years, till his death, in 1649. He kept a minute journal of the affairs of the colony, which has been publishe, and possesses much value.

WINTHROP, JOHN, son of the foregoing, was born in England, in 1605, and received his education at Cambridge. He came to Massachusetts in 1633, and, subsequently visiting England, returned, and established a colony at Saybrook, Connecticut. In 1657, he was chosen governor of that colony, and remained so till his death, in 1676. He was distinguished for his love of natural philosophy, and was one of the founders of the Royal Society of London.

WINTHROP, JAMES, a man of letters, was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1752, and was graduated at Harvard College. He was for twenty years librarian of that institution. His acquirements in the exact sciences, the ancient and modern languages, and in biblical and po-lite literature, were extensive. He died in 1821.

WHEELOCK, JOHN, was born at Lebanon, Con-necticut, in 1754. During the revolution, he held the commission of lieutenant-colonel, and obtained some military reputation. In 1779, he became president of Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, and, in 1782, visited Europe to obtain contributions for that seminary. He remained in that office for thirty-six years. His death took place in 1817.

WARREN, JOSEPH, a patriot of the American revolution, was born in Roxbury, near Boston, in 1741, and was graduated at Harvard College, in 1759. He pursued the profession of medicine, and, soon after commencing the practice, distinguished himself by his successful treatment of the small-pox. Early engaging in politics, he obtained great influence, and rendered efficient service by his writings and addresses. He was twice elected to deliver the oration in commemoration of the massacre on

the 5th of March. In June, 1775, the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts, of which he was at this time president, made him a major-general of their forces. At the battle of Bunker's Hill he fought as a volunteer, and was slain within a few yards of the breastwork, as he was among the last slowly retiring from it. He was a man of the most generous and intrepid spirit, much elegance of manners, and of commanding eloquence. His loss was deeply felt and regretted. In 1776, his remains were removed from the battle-ground, and interred in Boston.

WARREN, JAMES, was born at Plymouth, in 1726, and was graduated at Harvard College, in 1745. He took an early and active part in the cause of the colonies against the aggressions of the mother country, was a member of the General Court, proposed the establishment of committees of correspondence, and, after the death of General Warren, was appointed president of the Provincial Congress. He was afterwards appointed a major-general of the militia. On the adoption of the constitution of Massachusetts, he was for many years speaker of the House of Representatives. He died at Plymouth, in 1808.

WASHINGTON, BUSHROD, an eminent judge, was born in Westmoreland county, Virginia, and was educated at William and Mary's College. He pursued the study of the law in the office of Mr. Wilson, of Philadelphia, and commenced its practice with great success in his native county. In 1781, he was a member of the House of Delegates of Virginia. He afterwards removed to Alexandria, and thence to Richmond, where he published two volumes of the decisions of the Supreme Court of Virginia. In 1798, he was appointed an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and continued to hold this situation till his death, in November, 1829. He was the favorite nephew of President Washington, and was the devisee of Mount Vernon.

WINDER, WILLIAM H., an officer in the American army, was born in Maryland, in 1775, was educated for the bar, and pursued his profession in Baltimore with great success. In 1812, he received a colonel's commission, was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general, and served with.