Southern District of New York, ss. E IT REMEMBERED, That on the first day of November, is the forty-eighth said District, hath deposited in this office the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as author and proprietor, in the words following. to wit : “Remarks during a Journey through North America, in the years 1819, 1820, and 182). In a series of letters: with an appendix containing an account of several of the Inuian tribes, and the principle missionary stations, &c. also a letter to M. Jean Baptiste Say, on the comparative expense of free and slave labour. By A dam Hodgson, Esq. of Liverpool, Eng. Corrected, arranged, and published by Samuel Whiting." In conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled, “An Act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the time therein inentioned.” And also to an Act, entitled " an Act, supplementary to an Act, entitled an Act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned, and extending the beDefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." JAMES DILL, Clerk of the Southern District of New-York. J, SEYMOUR, printer, 49 John-street. gift Tappen Prest. Arsor: 2-9-1933 ADVERTISEMENT. In presenting to the American public the present volume, the Editor flatters himself that he is subserving the cause of truth, benevolence, and piety. The Letters of Mr. Hodgson, written during his extensive journeyings through this country, were originally published in the [London] Christian 06server. Emanating from a source so respectable, and communicated through a medium of such high authority, the publication of these Letters may be considered as the commencement of a new and better era, in the views and feelings of the people of Great Britain towards the United States—feelings, which every good man will rejoice to find are triumphing over the old and inveterate prejudices of other days. To these Letters, the Editor has added an Appendix, containing two other interesting documents from the same hand. The first is an account of the American Indians, or rather of those Tribes which the author visited in his tour, viz. the Creeks, the Choctaws, the Chickasaws, and the Cherokees; and an interesting view of the Missionary establishments at Elliot and Brainerd: this part of Mr. Hodgson's book will be read with high gratification by the friends of Missions to the Heathen ; and it is hoped also, with profit, by those who have been either indifferent or hostile to these benevolent efforts to civilize, and to christianize, the poor benighted and degraded children of the forest. The other document is “ a Letter to M. Jean Baptiste Say, on the comparative expense of Free and Slave labour." This letter involves a question of vast importance to the cause of Africa, and the emancipation of the millions of her wretched and injured sons. The facts and reasonings adduced by Mr. Hodgson, must have a powerful tendency to correct some . of those false premises and worse deductions which constitute the strong hold of Negro Slavery, and which do still oppose the principal obstacles in the way of universal emancipation. On the whole, it is presumed that the present volume will be received with peculiar favour by the American public. The writer is a partner of a mercantile house of extensive business, liberal views, and great respectability, in Liverpool. And those who shall read what he has here written, will not require to be told that he is a scholar, a philanthropist, and a Christian. a NEW-YORK, Nov. 1, 1823. CONTENTS. LETTER 1. Philadelphia. Emigration, to the United States, to Canada difficulties and expenses-governmental grants of land-fees of office hardships of new settlers, their gradual improvement, &c. LETTER 2. Philadelphia, Canada, its importance, soil, scenery, climate- comparison with Southern habits-state of New-York. LETTER 3. Norfolk. Emigration-- Birkbeck's settlement erroneous esti. 24 LETTER 4. Norfolk. Birkbeck's settlement-error corrected-manufac- tures-Ohio, its advantages, produce, and value of lands—Chillicothe, boarding-school--depreciation of real estate-provisions_labour-value of slaves at Norfolk. 32 LETTER 5. New-York. Journey from Baltimore-York-face of the coun- try-buildings-Germans-stage-driver-cheapness of labour-Creek Val. ley-value of estates--Susquehannah-Lancaster-Birkbeck-Philadel- phia. 40 LETTER 6. New-York. Religion and morals of the United States—The- ological Institution at Andover-Hartford-New-Haven-Yale College Dr. Morse-Dr. Worcester--Bishop White-Sunday-school for blacks at Baltimore-preaching in capitol at Washington-tomb of Gen. Washing- ton-Judge Washington-Colonization Society-Christian slaves---Miss Smelt-negro funeral and sermon-Clarke's Bible-- Divine service in the woods Missionary settlement at Brainerd and Yaloo Busha-Mr. Kings- bury-midnight scene-a comparison-style of preaching-influence of a missionary spirit-New-Orleans-a contrast. 48 LETTER 8. Salem. Unitarianism--Dr. Morse's pamphlet---Chapels-Bos- ton-reasons of the extension of Unitarianism--opposing influence- Rev. Mr. Dwight--Dr. Jarvis-Cambridge College, &c. 66 LETTER 9. Salem. Morals and manners of the United States, diversity of-intemperance--female decorun--crimes, contrasted-Custom-house- bribes, unknown--smuggling insolvent laws-lotteries--gambling shops profanity-beauties of the Mississippi scenery, contrasted with its moral pollutions--a New-England town. 73 LETTER 10. Philadelphia. American character-revolutionary heroes-- political characters--ladies-lower classes-coldness of manners-variety inquisitiveness--spitting--profusion at meals--kindness and hospitality --false ideas of American character--power of Christian sympathy-Ca- nada and United States, a contrast. 81 LETTER 11. Charleston. Missouri question---Alexandria--Occoquan- Fredericksburgh-Richmond-inns--landlords--log- houses--slave popula- tion--reflections—the Capitol-Petersburgh--description of a souihern innetobacco-Virginia estates-Raleigh-Fayetteville--Charleston-- mail coach--misrepresentations of English travellers--face of the country ---clearing land-turpentine-lar pits-view of Charleston. 96 LETTER 12. Charleston. Rice plantation of Gen.- · negro cabins--- habits and treatment of slaves-views--society-faces-suminer excur- sions--yellow fever--sale of slavesleflections--Humboldt's Travels, ex- tract. 115 LETTER 13. Mobile. Charleston-Sabbath-slaves, their customs---prin sons-prisoners--murderer of Dr. Ramsay--Mrs. Ramsay---Col. Laurens -Savannah-fire-donations-Augusta, face of the countryhotel---COM- pany-cotton plantation--reflections—journey to New-Orleans-country in-schools-books -tare-Ogechee river~ Sabbath-negro worship Milledgeville--great freshet-prisoners--employment of slaves--Fort Hawkins-Oakmulgee-Creek Indians—gangs of slaves--Flint river--Te- cumseh, his influence over the Creek Indians in the late war-reflections- Lime Creek-emigrants_crossing rivers—Point Comfort—bad roads--Fort Dale library-Indian murders-Murder Creek-road to Blakely—public schools-solitary barren-hurricane-swamps-night scenes-fire fjes LETTER 14. Natchez. Blakely and Mobile-prospective wealth of Ala. bama-men and manners-treatment of slavesấyellow fever-passage to New-Orleans,bay of St. Louis-the Mississippi -population and manners of New Orleans--boarding-house-punishment of slaves--improving state of morals--passage to Natchez-views_mouths of the Mississippi-alli- gators-planters and sawyers-arrival at Natchez-boarding-house-fo- rest trees-state of society-shooting slaves--reflections. LETTER 15. Natchez. Slave trade-reflections difficulties of emancipa- tion--increase of slaves-preaching to slaves-instruction of slaves pro- hibited-African schools at the north-expense of raising cotton, corn, to- bacco, rice, sugar, indigo-East India cotton. LETTER 16. Richmond, Va. Journey from Mississippi-Chickasaw Na- tion-Big Spring--difficulties of entertainment-rapid improvements Tennessee river- fall of the price of lands-Athens-Cambridge-Hunts. ville-Sabbath-Cumberland mountain-Cherokee Nation-settlers and incidents-Brainerd-tavern library-Kingston-Sabbath-preaching in the woods-Knoxsville-Ray's tavern. LETTER 17. Richmond. East Tennessee~contemplated canals---Allegha- ny mountains-Kanawa river-titled innkeepers-interesting scenery Roanoke-Salem-incidents of a night-valley of the Shenandoah-James river-natural bridge-features of slavery-Waynesborough-Blue Ridge --Rock-Fish-Gap-Charlotte's Ville-anecdote of the revolution-Monti- cello-Mr. Jefferson arrival at Richmond. LETTER to the Editor of the Christian Observer. Concluding packet of let- ters from America-motives to their publication-evils of slavery-Sunday school for slaves, and opposition of wbites, in Maryland-reply of the De- laware Indians to missionaries--cutting reproof. LETTER 18. Portsmouth, N. H. Portland-bar-room politicians--reflec- tions on legislation and government-incompetency of legislators-safety of experimentising-popular opinion, its evils--maiden speeches in Congress intelligence and skill of that body--a contrast. LETTER 19. Hartford, Conn. Portland-boarding-house-company--Sab- bath-public worship--scenery-Saco-snow-drifts— Portsmouth-winter views--harbour--Supreme Court Judge's charge--general appearance- Newburyport--good inn--church-yard-Salem--rocky region--Ipswich Marblehead--general characteristics of the Americans--thanksgiving and Christmas-trade and wealth of Salem--Boston--Northampton—Hartford --Valley of Connecticut river--autumnal scenery--transparency of the atmosphere--extremes of temperature. LETTER 20. Hartford. Cornwall--Missionary school-burying ground-- Obookiah--morning worship-state of the school--improvement of pupils Housatonic river--reflections--Sharon-schools--colleges-Webster's Ora- tion, extracts--observance of the Sabbath-Pleasant Valley-a caucus-- Poughkeepsie--the Hudson--Catskill mountains--fine scenery--last Sab- bath in America--passage through the Highlands--magnificent scenery-- |