Thefe are the dangers from without, but from within, he fhews that our Church is endangered by the coldnefs of its adherents, but ftill more "from enemies difguifed as friends; men who have crept into the fold in the garb of fhepherds, and have been entrusted with portions of the flock; men who lay claim to exclufive zeal, and tax all other paftors with neglect and perfidy ? Oftenfibly profeffing our articles of faith, but conftructively teaching heterodox opinions." He points out however the me thods, the peaceful and temperate methods, by which even thefe evils may be averted; and concludes a moft animated, and inftructive fermon, by pointing out one great advantage of our · Church, in the example and the attachment of its Sovereign. ART. 31. A Difcourfe occafioned by the Death of Elizabeth Prowfe, late of Wicken Park, Northamptonshire, delivered in Substance at Fulham Church, on Sunday, March 4, 1810, by the Rev. John O¬ven, M.A. Rector of Paglesham, Effex, and Curate and Lecturer of Fulham. 8vo. 25. Hatchard. 1810. The female, who was the fubject of this funeral fermon, was fifter to the much refpected Mr. Granville Sharp, of Fulham. The text is from Job v. 26. " Thou fhall come to thy grave in full age, like as a thock of corn cometh in his feafon. This is an animated, and, we doubt not, deferved tribute of praise and esteem, to the memory of a character, diftinguifhed, as the preacher obferves, by the three particulars of fulness of age, ripeness of character, and a happy tranfmiffion to glory. The reprefentation of the last moments of this female, is peculiarly interesting; and the confequent expoftulation of the preacher with the young, the rich and great, and the aged, is delivered in a very energetic and im. preffive manner. ART. 32. Adultery analyzed; an Inquiry into the Causes of the Prevalence of that Vice in thefe Kingdoms at the prefent Day; dedicated to a married Couple of fashionable Notoriety. By Philippus Philaretes, A. C. C. 8vo. 6s. Stockdale. 1810. The defign of this work is unexceptionably good, and entitled to the highest praife. To accomplish his purpofe, the author.first notices the immorality and bad example of too many in the higheft claffes of fociety, and urges the neceffity of employing, all the aids of religion and of reafon, to counteract their influence. His next object is to point out the importance of religious education, and the evils of modern boarding schools for young ladies. He next confiders the influence of modern manners on the female character, which muft neceffarily prepare it for feduction, animadverting alfo on the new philofophy, which tends to break down the barriers between virtue and vice. The two popular dramas of Pizarro and the Stranger, the tendency of the writings of Mrs. WolftoneEe 3 croft croft Godwin, and the life of that Lady by her husband, do not efcape without the fevere ftrictures of the author. A chapter is alfo employed in examination of the modes of modern courtship, which are reprobated as having a tendency to make the parties deceive one another. This introduces obfervations on the marriage union, on the criminality of the violation of the folemn contract, and the difference of the marriage ceremonies in different countries. Some falutary cautions are next found, on the conduct of married people to each other, and fome excellent remarks on adultery and divorce, the modes of punishing unfaithfulness to the married vow, and means of leffening this abominable vice. The whole is well calculated to promote the interefts of religion. The author adds the letters A. C. C. to his affumed title of Philippus Philaretes. What is intended by thefe letters is beyond our comprehenfion. ART. 33. English Rules of Syntax. GRAMMAR. Grammar taught by Examples rather than by As it is defirable that an introduction to a science should be made as eafy, as a knowledge of the fcience can make it, we are always glad to fee improvements fuggefted by fucceeding writers. upon every fubject. English Grammars innumerable have made. their appearance within the laft 20 years; fome of them reflecting the highest credit on the judgment and ability of their authors. The avowed motive for publishing the prefent is to remove the common difficulties. A child of ten, twelve, or fourteen years of age cannot be expected patiently to learn, or clearly to comprehend, what is meant by agent, fubject, objectby pronouns which are called relative, diftributive, and reciprocal-all which are confidered as indifpenfable towards attaining a grammatical knowledge. This author, therefore, undertakes to convey, not merely a general idea, but a practical knowledge, of English Grammar, without burdening the memory, or diftracting the mind of the learner with nice diftinctions or abftract terms.' We will now examine his pretenfions to teach with lefs labour to the learner than preceding writers on the fame fubject, He endeavours to fimplify the whole, fo as to make it level to the capacities of children. He directs the inftructor to teach the pupil a few pages, then by relearning them to fix them in his memory, and by repeated illuftration to render them intelligible, and to return to the beginning of the Grammar, and to the feveral intermediate parts of fpeech, three or four times, according to the application, the memory, and the quickness of the learner. The elementary elementary parts only are to be firft learned; the article, the fubftantive, the adjective, the verb, participle, &c. is each illuftrated and explained to the pupil, which illuftration is included between parenthefes. This is his method. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. "When the verb admits of doubt or uncertainty, if it he (is) accompanied by the conjunctions if, but, &c. it must be in the fubjunctive mood. (Vide Murray, chap. vi. fec. 8.). If the falt have loft its favor, wherewith fhall it be falted?' "It is not faid abfolutely that the falt has loft its favor; but it is enquired, if it have, where is its ufe? The verb have, in confequence of the doubt, is in the fubjunctive mood. Turn to the declenfion of the verb have, (p. 34,) and you will fee that it is the fubjunctive mood, prefent tenfe, fingular number, third perfon, and depends on the fubftantive falt.) "If a man have an hundred fheep, and one of them be gone aftray. (It is fuppofed that a man may have an hundred sheep, and that one of them may have gone aftray; the two verbs have and be are therefore in the fubjunctive mood.) "(Decline them (fee p. 33,) and you will fee that they are both the fubjunctive mood, prefent tenfe, third perfon, fingular number.)" We will now give an inftance, enclofed between crotchets, which the author confiders fo difficult as that it ought not to be learned until the pupils are able to apply the few rules contained in the book. A conjunction coming between two verbs requires them to be of the fame mood and tenfe, "[If thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there remembereft that thy brother hath ought against thee. (Decline the verb bring, and it will be the fubjunctive mood, prefent tenfe, fingular number, fecond perfon, in confequence of the conjunction if, and a doubt being implied. Decline remembereft, and it will be the indicative mood. But the verbs bring and remember ft must be of the fame mood and tenfe; therefore remembereft fhould be the fubjunctive mood as well as bring, The fentence then will be thus: If thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there remember that thy brother hath ought against thee. Decline the verb remember, to fee that it is the fubjunctive mood, present tense.") Vide Murray, rule xviii.] This paffage would certainly puzzle a learner who had not previously acquired a knowledge of cafe, perfon, mood, and tenfe. We would recommend it to our readers, if they would efti. mate the ufe and excellence of this treatife, to compare the inftances we have felected with the obfervations under the fame rules in other Grammars. This Grammar may be taught with effential advantage in pri vate families, in ladies' fchools, and in commercial, military, and nayal academics, where boys are not meant to learn the an cient languages. Ee 4 ART. 1 MISCELLANIES. ART. 34. A Letter, addreffed by Lieutenant-Colonel John Grey, to a Member of the House of Commons, on the Subject of the Liability of the Pay of the Officers of the Navy and Army to the Tax upon Property. 8vo. 40 pp. 1s. 6d. Carpenter. 1810. That the tax upon property and income muft prefs on the defenders of our country with great, though not perhaps with peculiar feverity, muit be admitted by all who are aware of the difproportion between their feanty pay and unavoidable expences: but that they have any pofitive right to an exemption from that tax, that they are not included within the purview and meaning of the act of parliament, as feems to be the opinion of this writer, is furely a very extravagant fuppofition. He even declares his determination to refufe payment, and try the queftion of right; but we truft he has not been fo ill advised as to perfevere in fo abfurd a refolve. His principal ground of argument arifes from the ftatute of firft William and Mary, granting a duty of one fhilling in the pound on the profits of perfonal property, and the incomes of public offices and employments. From the operations of that act, the pay of military officers in the army and navy was alone excepted. The obvious reply to fuch an argument is, that there is no fuch exception in the act of parliament now in quef. tion; and perhaps, if exemptions were once admitted, fome other claffes might claim them on grounds as equitable as the officers of our navy or army could alledge. A more fafe and practicable expedient would be an increase of pay, at leaft during the continu 'ance of the war. But how far the neceffities of the ftate would admit of fuch an addition to the public expenditure, it is not for us to pronounce. In the author before us, his brother officers have a zealous, though not, we think, a very able advocate. He is, upon the whole, too declamatory and intemperate; and though he appears, by his quotations, to be converfant with the Latin language, his perplexed fentences and uncouth expreffions prove him to have little acquaintance with his own. ART. 35 Perambulations in London and its Environs; compre prehending an biftorical Sketch of the ancient State and Progress of the British Metropolis, a concife Defcription of its prefent State, Notices of eminent Perfons, and a fhort Account of the furrounding Villages, In Letters, defigned for young Perfons. By Prifcilla Wakefield. With a Plan of London, and a few Plates. 12mo. 503 PP. 6s. 6d. Darton and Harvey. 1809. Mrs. Wakefield is extremely eminent in the line of compila. tion for young readers, and the prefent work will by no means diminish diminish the reputation fhe has fo juftly acquired. A flight vehicle of fiction ferves to introduce 33 letters, on the fubject of London and its vicinity, the materials for which feem to have been drawn with attention from the beft and most recent authori ties. How pleafingly Mrs. W. diverfifies her narrative will be Teen from the account of a circumftance which many perfons ftill living may remember-the reception of his prefent Majefty at the houfe of old Barclay, the Quaker, on the firft Lord Mayor's day after his marriage. t "It has been customary, on the acceffion of several of the late Monarchs, to honour the Lord Mayor with their company, and that of the other branches of the Royal Family, to dinner at Guildhall. But, in order to be fpectators of the proceuion, as well as partakers of the feaft, the royal vifitors have spent the morning in a large houfe, oppofite to the church of St. Mary le Bow in Cheapfide, where Mr. David Barclay, (fon * of the celebrated apologift for the Quakers,) a very worthy and refpectable citizen, refided during the vifits of the four laft Sovereigns, Queen Anne, the first, fecond, and third George. When the two first came into the city he was in his apprenticeship; but having become mafter of the houfe, he had the fingular honour of receiving as his guefts two Monarchs. His prefent Majefty, willing to bestow fome mark of favour on this venerable perfonage, offered to knight him; but the peculiar doctrines of his fect reftraining him from kneeling to any but the Sovereign of the univerfe, he preferred the indulgence, for himfelf and family, of kiffing the royal hands, without that ceremony; a boon that was condefcendingly granted, and on which he fet a higher value than [on] any honorary diftinction. "At the time of this vifit, there was a large balcony, extending along the front of the houfe; a very common appendage to many houfes in the city formerly, [and in all parts of the town at prefent.] This gallery was richly fitted up with a canopy of crimson damask, under which their Majefties were pleased to show themselves to the populace, who teftified their joy at the fight of their youthful Sovereign and his amiable confort by the loudest plaudits +. "The Lord Mayor met the King at the entrance of Guildhall, and on his knees prefented him with the city fword, which he graciously restored to him, as the chief magiftrate of the city, who was empowered to do juftice and chaitife offenders. Every mark of feftivity was difplayed to welcome his royal guefts by Sir Samuel Fludyer, who was then Lord Mayor, and the day con cluded very fatisfactorily." P. 9. Though there is a good lift of contents prefixed to each letter, an alphabetical index of the names of perfons and places would * Qu. Grandfon? for the apologist died in 1690. + Probably rather, acclamations. Rev. an |