with great artistic talent, and a painter far beyond mediocre amateur ability.

Her grandfather, William Johnson, of Charleston, was a patriot of prominence and force, and was deported by Sir Henry Clinton to St. Augustine with other distinguished patriots of South Carolina.

During the siege of Charleston, his wife, Sarah Johnson, nee Nightingale, used to quilt her peticoats with cartridges, which she thus conveyed to her husband in the trenches.

With such traditions, the great-granddaughter of Sarah Nightingale Johnson and William Johnson, soldier and exile, could only be imbued with patriotism, with courage, with sentiment.

She spent the four years of her father's residence in Spain with him and her mother, and entered society there by her presentation at Court. There she became intimate with Eugenie di Montijo, Countess of Teba, who afterwards became Empress of the French. The attachment between the young girls was such that on the marriage of the Countess to the Emperor she sent her portrait to her American friend, which, though only a print, was and is, considered the best likeness of her ever made.

Mrs. Johnson was a success at the Court of Isabella, the Catholic, and of Louis Napoleon, Emperor of the French in Paris, where she and her sister and mother spent the winter. In December, 1849, General Saunders was recalled and came home.

In 1851, Miss Saunders was married to Bradley T. Johnson, who had just been admitted to the Bar, and to whom she had been engaged for the preceding six years.

She was not 18, he just 21, and they went to live in Frederick, Maryland, where he rapidly acquired a good position at the Bar.

In 1857, in the great struggle to save the State from the KnowNothing faction, he was placed at the head of the State ticket as the Democratic candidate for Comptroller of the Treasury, but was defeated by the Plug Ugly and Blood Tub Clubs, and fraudulent votes, and stuffed ballot-boxes, of the city of Baltimore.

In 1859, he was made the head of the Democratic organization of the State, as Chairman of the Democratic State Committee, and was a delegate from the State to the Charleston National Convention of 1860.

There he acted, spoke and voted with the extreme Southern wing of the Democratic party, and when the convention adjourned to Baltimore, joined with a majority of the Maryland Delegation, in

withdrawing from the convention, and uniting with the States Rights members, North and South, in the Democratic National Convention, which nominated Breckinridge and Lane.

The members who remained as the National Democratic Convention nominated Douglas and Johnston. The result is history.

In all this exciting time Mrs Johnson was always with her husband, heart and soul, and sustaining his every act, with soul stirring sympathy and chivalric courage.

When it became clear that the issue of arms was to be made and tried, her husband, with her constant support, enlisted a company of boys at Frederick, which he armed and clothed, very poorlybut the best that could be done at his own expense, and prepared to lead them to Virginia, she entirely consenting and assisting.

She had a fine house, well furnished, with every comfort and convenience. She left that just as it was, to the care of S. Teakle Willis, John Hanson Thomas, Ross Winans, John C. Brune, and the rest of the Baltimore Delegation in the legislature, which was in Frederick, in session.

On May 7, 1861, she went to Chestnut Hill, Va., the residence of a friend, Mrs. Mason, and the next day her husband followed her with his company-the Frederick Volunteers-to Point of Rocks. There, in a few days, he was joined by a company from Baltimore, Capt. Edelin, and other companies were rapidly collected at Harper's Ferry. They were all mustered into the service of the Confederate States on May 21-22, 1861, the object being to form them as a nucleus for the Maryland Line, which was to be the representative of Maryland in the Southern Confederacy and to win for their State a place in the new government. But a crisis soon confronted the Marylanders. Of the 500 men at the Point of Rocks and Harper's Ferry, Company A, from Frederick only were armed, and that only with Hall's Carbines, the original antiquated and useless breechloader, long since discarded by the army of the United States. The men had nothing, no arms, no clothes, no tents, no camp equipage, axes, hatchets, skillets nor camp kettles.

They could draw rations, but did not know how to cook them, even if they had had the utensils.

Utter and entire disorganization faced them. On every side were cordial invitations to join Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina or Mississippi Companies.

But the men all knew that the disappearance of that battallion from the army would mean the death of Maryland's hopes to join

the Confederacy, as well as their own justification, in taking arms. against their native State.

They held and believed that their mother State had been betrayed by treachery, and was then bound and manacled, hand and foot, by the "Vis Major" of the United States, and they were performing a pious duty in organizing with arms to redeem her. But they had no arms, nor any one to whom to apply, and they faced the horrors of disintegration and extermination. Hence forward let the Chronicler Scharf tell the story.

In his third volume of the History of Maryland, he says:

"In this trying exigency Mrs. Bradley T. Johnson volunteered to go through the country to North Carolina, her native State, and there appeal to her countrymen for assistance.

"She, as the daughter of Hon. R. M. Saunders of that State, formerly minister to Spain, was amply qualified by graces of person and mind and the force of her will, to accomplish an enterprise which required the daring gallantry of a man with the persuasive power and perseverance of a woman.

Accordingly, on the 24th of May she left the camps of Companies A and B, at the Point of Rocks, escorted by Capt. Wilson C. Nicholas, of Company G, and Lieutenant George M. E. Shearer, of Company A, and tried to get to Richmond by way of Leesburg and Alexandria. Finding the way barred by Federal troops who had occupied Alexandria that very day, she pushed on by way of Harper's Ferry, and reached Raleigh the night of the 27th. The next morning she made her application to Governor Ellis and the Council of State, stating to them the necessitous condition of the Marylanders, who were without arms, clothes, blankets, or the common necessities of life.

"The Governor and Council immediately ordered five hundred Mississippi rifles to be turned over to her with ten thousand cartridges and necessary equipments.

"The Constitutional Convention of North Carolina, being then in session at Raleigh, a public meeting was called at night in the Capitol under the auspices of the Hon. Weldon N. Edwards, President of the Convention, Chief-Justice Thomas Ruffin, her father, Judge Saunders, and other distinguished North Carolinians.

"It was presided over by Ex-Governor David S. Reid, and attended by the members of the Convention.

Amid great enthusiam the cause of the Marylanders was es

poused with ardor, the meeting making a liberal contribution in money on the spot."

The Hon. Kenneth Rayner, in addressing the meeting, said:

"If great events produce great men, so in the scene before us we have proof that great events produce great women.

"It was one that partook more of the romance than of the realities of life.

"One of our own daughters, raised in the lap of luxury, blessed with the enjoyment of all the elements of elegance and ease, had quit her peaceful home, followed her husband to the camp, and, leaving him in that camp, has come to the home of her childhood to seek aid for him and his comrades, not because he is her husband, but because he is fighting the battles of his country against tyrants."

He paid a high tribute to the patriotism and love of liberty which characterized the people of Maryland.

They were fighting our battles," he said, "with halters around their necks."

On the 29th, Mrs. Johnson left Raleigh with her rifles and her escort, and, stopping a day in Richmond, procured from Governor Letcher a supply of blankets and camp equipage, consisting of camp-kettles, hatchets and axes, &c., and ordered forty-one tents to be made at once.

On the 31st May, she left Richmond with her supplies, and on June 3d, 1861, after an absence from camp of ten days, returned and delivered to her husband the results of her entire trip.

The following record has no parallel in the history of war:

Invoice of ordnance and ordnance stores issued to Mrs. Bradley T. Johnson by Lieut. Alex. W. Lawrence, Ordnance Department, in obedience to order for supplies :

No.

500 Rifles (made at Herkimer, N. Y.), without bayonets.
500 Wipers.

500 Screw drivers.

500 Spare cones.

50 Spring vices.

50 Ball screws.
50 Moulds.

2000 Percussian caps.

I certify that the above is a correct invoice of ordnance and ordnance stores issued by me this 28th day of May, 1861, to Mrs. Bradley T. Johnson.

ALEX. W. LAWRENCE,

First Lieut. Artillery and Ordnance.
JUNE 1st, 1861.

Conductor of train from Winchester to Harper's Ferry will detain the train one hour or more for arms which are in charge of the bearer, Mr. S. Johnson.

A. R. CHISOLM, Aid-de-Camp to Gen. Beauregard.

Rec'd Ordnance Dept. Harper's Ferry, Va., June 3rd, 1861, of Mrs. B. T. Johnson, five hundred Miss. rifles, cal. 54, ten thousand cartridges, and forty-five hundred caps.

G. M. COCHRAN, Master of Ordnance.

The issue of arms to the Marylanders by a woman was a romantic incident of the day, and Col. Jackson (Stonewall) called on her, and thanked her for her services.

The officers of the battalion held a meeting and passed the following resolutions:

Resolved, That the thanks of the Maryland Line be tendered to Mrs. Captain B. T. Johnson for her earnest, patriotic and successful efforts in arming and equipping the Maryland Line.

"Resolved, That we, the officers, pledge ourselves, and for our men, that the arms she has obtained shall at the close of the war be returned to the State of North Carolina without stain or dishonor. 'Resolved, That these resolutions be signed by the officers of the meeting and presented to Mrs. Johnson.

JAMES R. HERBERT, President.
J. C. W. MARRIOTT, Secretary.

She forthwith returned to Richmond for clothes and tents, and on June 29 started back with forty-one tents, and enough uniforms and underclothes for 500 men.

Mrs. Johnson remained at Harper's Ferry and accompanied the troops when that place was evacuated June 16, 1861. She stayed in Winchester when Johnston's Army awaited Patterson at that place, and stood on the balcony at the Taylor House, waiving her handkerchief at the regiment as the column marched down the street on July 18, 1861, on its way to Beauregard and First Manassas.