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not be held to vacate their offices in the Regular Army by accepting the same, but shall be entitled to receive only the pay and allowances of such volunteer rank while serving as such. Sec. 1, Act of May 28, 1898 (30 Stat. 421).

362. Pay to clerks, messengers, and laborers at headquarters of the several territorial departments, territorial districts, tactical divisions and brigades, service schools and office of the Chief of Staff.-One chief clerk, at the office of the Chief of Staff, $2,000 per annum. Fifteen clerks, at $1,800 each per annum. Fifteen clerks, at $1,600 each per annum. Thirty-eight clerks, at $1,400 each per annum. Seventy clerks, at $1,200 each per annum. Sixty-five clerks, at $1,000 each per annum. Six clerks (Filipinos), at $500 each per annum. One captain of the watch, at $900 per annum. Three watchmen, at $720 each per annum. One gardener, at $720 per annum.

One packer, at $840 per annum.

Two messengers, at $840 each per annum.

Fifty-nine messengers, at $720 each per annum.

Six messengers (Filipinos), at $300 each per annum.

One laborer, at $660 per annum.

Two laborers, at $600 each per annum.

One laborer, at $480 per annum.

Five charwomen, at $240 each per annum.

In all, $312,320.

Additional pay while on foreign service, $9,000.1 Act of April 27, 1914 (38 Stat. 355).

'As shown by the date of the act, this is the latest provision made for the purpose mentioned. The two following paragraphs have appeared annually for a number of years in the Army appropriation acts and may be taken as indicating the fixed policy of Congress in the premises:

That on and after July 1, 1914, the pay of clerks and messengers at headquarters of territorial departments, tactical divisions, brigades, and service schools, who are citizens of the United States, shall be increased $200 each per annum while serving in the Philippine Islands, such service to be computed from the date of departure from the continental limits of the United States to the date of return thereto: Provided further, That the money hereby appropriated for such of said clerks, at $1,200 and $1,000 each per annum, and such of said messengers at $720 each per annum as may be employed and assigned by the Secretary of War to the headquarters of the Philippine Department, districts and posts therein, may, in case of vacancy and in the discretion of the commanding general, Philippine Department, be expended, in whole or in part, for the employment of Filipinos as clerks at not to exceed $500 each per annum, and messengers at not to exceed $300 each per annum.

And said clerks, messengers, and laborers shall be employed and assigned by the Secretary of War to the offices and positions in which they are to serve: Provided, That no clerk, messenger, or laborer at headquarters of tactical divisions, military departments, brigades, service schools, and office of the Chief of Staff shall be assigned to duty with any bureau in the War Department. Act of April 27, 1914 (Pub. No. 91, 38 Stat. —).

363. Certain clerks and employees not to be detailed in War Department. It shall not hereafter be lawful to detail clerks or other civilian employees authorized for the Office of the General Staff for duty, temporary or otherwise, in any office or bureau of the War Department at Washington, District of Columbia, or to detail clerks or other employees from the War Department for service in the Office of the General Staff.1 Act of June 22, 1906 (34 Stat. 418).

364. Military headquarters.-When the economy of the service requires, the Secretary of War shall direct the establishment of military headquarters at points where suitable buildings are owned by the Government.2 Sec. 8, Act of June 23, 1879 (34 Stat. 35).

1

The clerks and messengers above referred to and provided for were first authorized by the act of August 6, 1894 (28 Stat. 236); they replace the force of "General service clerks and messengers" created by the act of July 29, 1886 (24 Stat. 167), but discontinued by the act of August 6, 1894 (28 Stat. 236). Their numbers and compensation are determined in the annual acts of appropriation for the support of the Army.

Territorial commands.-In time of peace our Army has been habitually distributed into geographical commands, styled, respectively, military divisions, departments, and districts-the districts, as organized prior to 1815, corresponding to the commands now designated as departments. These divisions and departments can be established only by the President; but, within their respective departments, commanding generals have from time to time grouped adjacent posts into temporary commands, which are now known as districts.

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365. Establishment.-There is hereby established a General Staff Corps, to be composed of officers detailed from the Army at large, under such rules as may be prescribed by the President. Sec. 1, Act of Feb. 14, 1903 (32 Stat. 830).

366. Composition of.-The General Staff Corps shall consist of one Chief of Staff and two general officers, all to be detailed by the President from officers of the Army at large not below the grade of brigadier general; four colonels, six lieutenant colonels, and twelve majors, to be detailed from the corresponding grades in the Army at large, under such rules for selection as the President may prescribe; twenty captains, to be detailed from officers of the Army at large of the grades of captain or first lieutenant, who while so serving shall have the rank, pay, and allowances of captain mounted. All officers detailed in the General Staff Corps shall be detailed therein for periods of four years, unless sooner relieved. While serving in the General Staff Corps, officers may be temporarily assigned to duty with any branch of the Army. Upon being relieved from duty in the General Staff Corps, officers shall return to the branch of the Army in which they hold permanent commission, and no officer shall be eligible to a further detail in the General Staff Corps until he shall have served two years with the branch of the Army in which commissioned, except in case of emergency or in time of war. Sec. 3, Act. of Feb. 14, 1903 (32 Stat. 831).

367. Same. The General Staff Corps shall consist of two general officers, one of whom shall be the Chief of Staff, four colonels, six lieutenant colonels, twelve majors, and twelve captains or first lieu

1 See paragraph 367, post; see, also, note to paragraphs 370 and 371, post.

tenants, all of whom shall be detailed from the Army at large in the manner and for the periods prescribed by law. Sec. 5, Act of Aug. 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 594).

368. Duties of. The duties of the General Staff Corps shall be to prepare plans for the national defense and for the mobilization of the military forces in time of war; to investigate and report upon all questions affecting the efficiency of the Army and its state of preparation for military operations; to render professional aid and assistance to the Secretary of War and to general officers and other superior commanders, and to act as their agents in informing and coordinating the action of all the different officers who are subject under the terms of this Act to the supervision of the Chief of Staff; and to perform such other military duties not otherwise assigned by law as may be from time to time prescribed by the President.2 Sec. 2, Act of Feb. 14, 1903 (32 Stat. 831).

369. Duties of the Chief of Staff.-The Chief of Staff, under the direction of the President or of the Secretary of War, under the direction of the President, shall have supervision of all troops of the line and of the Adjutant-General's, Inspector-General's, JudgeAdvocate's, Quartermaster's, Subsistence, Medical, Pay and Ordnance departments, the Corps of Engineers, and the Signal Corps, and shall perform such other military duties not otherwise assigned by law as may be assigned to him by the President. Duties now prescribed by statute for the Commanding General of the Army as a member of the Board of Ordnance and Fortification and of the Board of Commissioners of the Soldiers' Home shall be performed by the Chief of Staff or other officer designated by the President. Acts and parts of Acts authorizing aides-de-camp and military secretaries shall not apply to general officers of the General Staff Corps. Sec. 4, Act of Feb. 14, 1903 (32 Stat. 831).

370. Chief of Artillery or Chief of Coast Artillery to be member of. The Chief of Artillery or Chief of Coast Artillery shall be an additional member of the General Staff Corps, and his other duties shall be prescribed by the Secretary of War. When a vacancy occurs in the office of the Chief of Artillery or Chief of Coast Artillery the President may appoint to such vacancy, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, an officer selected from the coast artillery, who shall serve for a period of four years unless reappointed for further periods of four years; and any officer who shall hereafter serve as Chief of Artillery or Chief of Coast Artillery

1

See paragraph 366, ante; see, also, note to paragraphs 370 and 371. 2 See Article 58, A. R., 1913.

3

By section 3, act of August 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 591), the Quartermaster Corps shall be subject to the supervision of the Chief of Staff to the extent the departments hereby consolidated into said corps have heretofore been subject to such supervision under the terms of existing law. (See paragraph 503, post.)

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