of enthusiasm, every man rose, and locking hands all round the table, the toast was repeated by the whole company, producing an electric thrill of emotion through every nerve." This phenomenon is strictly according to Fourier, who has much to say about the passional effect of Touch. It is doubtless a recollection of this thrilling moment which impels Mr. Chas. A. Dana, after years devoted to writing down Mr. Greeley, to turn about and give him a solemn support (if Dana's advocacy can be called a support) in his candidacy for President.

Of course, after such a season of mutual admiration and "electric thrill" as this, the faithful band returned to their task of propagandism with redoubled zeal. Dana returned to "menial and repulsive work" at Brook Farm, and Greeley straightway indulged in another Phalanx, and another prospectus. This was the North American Phalanx which had its location at Monmouth, N. J., about forty miles from New York city. Greeley was Vice President and a large stockholder. Special efforts were made to fill up the ranks of this phalanx with true and trusty soldiers, and to weed out with scrupulous care all "the selfish, the conceited, the played-out," etc., whom their leader at Lackawaxen had so severely execrated. But human nature proved too much for the "beneficient and expansive" system of Association, and after eleven years of trial, during which the financial prosperity of the Communists had not been bad, the members

suddenly discovered, with one consent, that they would prefer to return to the "vice-engendering systems" of civilized society, and the "wasteful complications of its isolated households."

Mr. Greeley's demeanor toward these enterprises was characterized by the same reckless generosity with money which has been observed in his private life. The Philosopher has ever been ready to lend a man five dollars, even though he had but four to lend him. It is imputed to him that, in contributing material aid to the struggling associations, he was far more forward than his fellow laborer, Brisbane. In his address to the fraternity, published in the Harbinger of Oct. 25, 1845, he wrote:

"Fellow Associationists! I shall do whatever I can for the promotion of our common cause. To it whatever I have or may hereafter acquire, of pecuniary ability is devoted; may I not hope for a like devotion from you?"

The response does not seem to have been very encouraging; for the system, already dead at the core and fast going to decay, continued to droop in all its branches.

THE DISCUSSION WITH RAYMOND.

This did not, however, deter Greeley from taking up the cudgels in behalf of Socialism whenever opportunity offered. In 1846 and '47 occurred the famous discussion with Henry J. Raymond, already quoted from.

In the first of his twelve articles of this series, Mr. Greeley contended that the landless have an

inherent right to their "due share” of land, and the right of constant employment; and that these rights cannot be guaranteed without a radical change in our social economy. In the second he outlined the system of co-operation by phalanxes. In the third he unfolded the same fully, and enunciated substantially the theory of Fourier; i. e. common property, etc. And so on, to the end of the last chapter, wherein he yearned for “the association of two or three hundred families, after the similitude of a bank or a whale-ship (!) inhabiting a common edifice." He "saw in the benevolent movements of the present time the portents of a good time coming. In this faith," he declared, "I labor and live; share it or scout it, as you will. Adieu." And here he appended those awe-inspiring initials, "H. G." with which the public has become so familiar.

It was generally pronounced that Raymond had the better of his antagonist in this discussion; but in estimating the intellectual merits of the performance, it must be borne in mind that Raymond had the sympathy of the entire public, to begin with.

However well he may have argued, he did not convince "H. G."-that is certain; for ten years later we find that staunch' disputant still "flying in the teeth of prejudice," and incontinently tendering a loan of $12,000 to the North American Phalanx -an offer which does more credit to his heart than to his head, since the Phalanx was then in the throes of dissolution, and was soon sold out at sixty cents on the dollar.