ries of parallels by which the besiegers of the Republican fortress proposed to approach, slowly and gradually, until they could mine our works and blow our fortifications and their defenders into a thousand fragments. And so, perhaps, they might have done, but for the premature explosion of their magazine at Cincinnati.

ALLIES IN THE SENATE.

The syndicate captured, during the fall and winter of 1870, four Senators, of whom, as might be expected, from what has preceded, Sumner and Trumbull were two. The others were Carl Schurz, whose first disaffection came about more honestly and legitimately than that of any of the rest, and who is still by far the least selfish and most ingenuous of the quartette; and one Tipton, a Nebraska nobody, who abandoned a backwoods pulpit to make a clown of himself in the more conspicuous arena of the United States Senate.

Bombardment commenced in earnest in the Senate during the last session of the Forty-first Congress, in the winter of 1870-71. Sumner got out his heavy siege gun and, loading it with San Domingo ammunition, fired some shots at the White House which were certainly intended to demolish that edifice with all its occupants. Schurz threw a few shell, also, and Tipton brought his penny popgun to bear, with such effect as might have been expected. Sumner displayed great vindictiveness in his speeches, and great arrogance and contempt

for his fellow Senators in his method of proceeding-dodging the rules of the body, dictating and overbearing his colleagues, and displaying all the airs of a demi-god, along with the tricks and habits of a narrow, tricky partisan.

SUMNER'S "MARTYRDOM."

It was this arrogant and unpleasant manner of the Massachusetts Senator-something which the Senate had long felt, but which was, of course, but little alluded to in that body-which, as much as aught else, earned for Sumner his omission from the Committee on Foreign Relations, of which he had been chairman for several terms. Nevertheless, the cause assigned by the caucus committee charged with the making up of the standing committees was, not Mr. Sumner's general factiousness, arrogance, impetuousness and personal vindictiveness, but this: that he was in notorious opposition to a prominent measure of the Administration, and that to make him chairman of the committee which was to have this measure under consideration, and be, in fact the Senate's agent therein, would be a severe and unnecessary censure of the Administration. Another reason was also alleged, which was taken up with considerable effect by the Sumnerites, viz., that Sumner was not on speaking terms with the Secretary of State, who, necessarily, has much to do with the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, and should, to make the Government efficient and harmonious in its

action on foreign questions, be able to work side by side with that official.

In spite of all these reasons, any of which ought to be sufficient for the Senate's electing another man than Sumner to the place if it chose, the personal and faction friends of that Senator succeeded in creating an impression in the minds of many, even of those who did not sympathize with Sumner's factious opposition to the Administration, that that Senator had been "struck down" by a caucus committee in very much such an outrageous manner as he had been struck down by the ruffian Brooks in old chivalry days. Among those who spoke in his behalf was Senator Wilson, his colleague, a staunch Administration man, whose generous heart prompted him to resent what was really a severe blow to his colleague's personal ambition, without, apparently, considering that it was a rebuke which Sumner's unreasonable conduct had brought upon himself, and which his unwholesome purposes had made absolutely necessary to the proper conduct of the Senate's business. If Sumner had been a sympathetic, a magnanimous, or a chivalrous man, the answering qualities in his fellow Senators would have gained him respite from this deserved rebuke. He was not such a man, and he

therefore failed.

THE PRESS ON THE AFFAIR.

The act which deposed him from his pet Committee (though it was not a deposing, but simply