ral, however, utterly refused to make any stipulation in regard to the treatment of citizens or their private property. Pemberton endeavored to procure some modifications, but Grant was obstinate, and on the following morning, July 4, 1863, Pemberton surrendered Vicksburg and the army which had defended it, with all the arms, stores, etc., which it contained.

The rebels, who stacked their arms under the eye of McPherson's corps, numbered 31,600 men. No less than 172 guns fell into the hands of the victor. McPherson's men immediately occupied the evacuated works, and in the afternoon Grant made his triumphal entry. The rebels received him sullenly, and well they might. Since the investment had commenced, 37,000 prisoners, including 19 generals and about 4,000 officers of lower grades had been taken. In killed, wounded and missing, the enemy, since the campaign opened, had lost 12,000 men, with 300 pieces of cannon and an immense amount of public property, including railroads, steamboats, locomotives, and other matters of great value.

At last (since Fort Sumpter was fired upon it could not be said)—the Mississippi, to use the expression of Lincoln, flowed "unvexed to the sea," and the rebel territory was rent in twain. The news of Vicksburg, with that of Gettysburg, crowded the wires, and, on that auspicious Fourth of July, Grant and Meade" were the names that swelled upon the breeze far and wide throughout the loyal States.

THE VICTOR'S CROWN.

The meed of victory soon reached the victor. The cool and veteran Halleck compared Grant's exploit with Napoleon's at Ulm and Ratisbon. The generous and genial Lincoln wrote him the following letter, so worthy of his great mind and noble ' heart:

EXECUTIVE MANSION, WASHINGTON, July 13, 1863.

TO MAJOR-GENERAL GRANT :

MY DEAR GENERAL-I do not remember that you and I ever met personally. I write this now as a grateful acknowledgment for the almost inestimable service you have done the country. I wish to say a word further. When you first reached the vicinity of Vicksburg, I thought you should do what you finally did-march the troops across the neck, run the batteries with the transports, and thus go below; and I never had any faith, except a general hope that you knew better than I, that the Yazoo Pass expedition and the like could succeed. When you got below and took Port Gibson, Grand Gulf, and vicinity, I thought you should go down the river and join General Banks; and when you turned northward east of the Big Black, I feared it was a mistake. I now wish to make a personal acknowledgment that you were right and I was wrong.

The Southern press, when commenting on the surrender, spoke respectfully of Gen. Grant and even allowed that his terms to Pemberton were generous, considering how completely that unfortunate general was in his power.

THE CAMPAIGN ENDED.

On the 9th of July, the rebel General Gardner surrendered the important fortress of Port Hudson to Gen. Banks, having first learned that Vicksburg had fallen.

Sherman followed Johnston, who, when too late,

had approached toward Vicksburg and was manœuvering in the vicinity of Jackson. The rebel issued a boastful order to his troops on July 9 and awaited Sherman's attack. On the 13th the rebels made a desperate sortie from Jackson and were repulsed. Sherman then prepared for a general assault-but his opponent did not await the result. Johnston evacuated his works on the night of the 17th, and next day Sherman entered them in triumph.

This virtually ended the campaign, and Grant was promptly rewarded by being appointed a Major-General in the regular army of the United States, his commission dating from July 4th, 1863. The officers of his command presented the successful commander with a magnificent sword. Afterward an obelisk was erected on the spot, outside of Vicksburg, where the interview between Grant and Pemberton took place.

CHAPTER XI.

GRANT'S MILITARY CAREER.

(CONTINUED.)

Grant Busies Himself with Administration-Is Promoted to the Command of Four Armies—Prepares to Attack Bragg at Lookout Mountain—Plan of the Battle-A Dashing Assault-Grant "Refuses to be Embarrassed"The Battle Above the Clouds-A Mighty Charge-Phil. Sheridan Distinguishes Himself-Victory-Its Trophies-Gratitude of the Nation.

GRANT AS AN ADMINISTRATOR.

His

The few succeeding summer months were occupied by General Grant in managing the general executive business of his department, checking smugglers, baffling traitors and punishing extortionists. He gave no countenance to stragglers, and put the contraband Negroes to good use in the colored regiments, or else in constructing camps, driving train wagons, repairing railroads, etc. administration of public affairs was highly successful throughout the region over which he had authority. He compelled unprincipled captains of Mississippi steamboats to disgorge money fraudulently obtained from officers and enlisted men, who were compelled to voyage by the river. Never was such strict discipline and thorough honesty enforced in that State or in Tennessee. He made a tour of observation in August, and received an enthusiastic ovation from the loyal portion of the

citizens of Memphis. He thanked them in a modest, manly, patriotic letter, in which he bore noble testimony to the courage and endurance of the brave troops who had followed his fortunes.

He returned to Vicksburg and went to Natchez and from thence to New Orleans. He arrived in the Crescent City on September 2d, and on the 3d, the trade of the Southwestern metropolis was declared free; that is, with the ports of the Northwest. Military restriction on commerce was removed, and everything wore an aspect of returning peace and prosperity.

AN UNLUCKY ACCIDENT.

On September 4th, General Grant reviewed the Thirteenth Army Corps, in company with General Banks, who commanded the department. During the review the strange horse which General Grant rode stumbled and threw him heavily, injuring him so severely that it was feared his future active service in the field was somewhat doubtful. The Government had intended to place him in command of the troops marching on Georgia, and his accident. caused Lincoln and the country at large great anxiety. His case, fortunately, did not prove so serious as was first anticipated, and in a few weeks he was again fit for duty.

GRANT PLACED IN COMMAND OF FOUR ARMIES.

Then he went up the Mississippi to Cairo, having stopped at Vicksburg and other points, to