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Negotiates with London Company, I., 207.
Elected governor by the Puritans, I., 209.
Reëlection and death of, I., 211.

Cary, Alice and Phoebe, IX., 297.

Cary, Samuel F., Nominated for Vice-Presidency, IX., 470. Casa Blanca, I., 61.

Casa Grande, I., 104.

Casa Mata. See MOLINO DEL REY.
Cascade Range Mountains, I., 14.

Cascara, Use of, by the Indians, I., 83.
Casco, Me., Attacks on, I., 440, 442, 457.
Casement, Major John S. (Confed.), Rallies
Floyd's troops, VIII., 77.

Casey, Gen. Silas (Fed.)

At Savage station, VIII., 175.

At Fair Oaks or Seven Pines, VIII., 177178.

Cass, Lewis.

Aids in securing appropriation from Ohio to frustrate Burr, V., 153.

Joins Hull, V., 340.

Drives British away from Canard River, V.,
343.

Threatens desertion of Ohio militia, V., 345.
Sent to rescue Brush, V., 349.
Surrendered to Brock, V., 351.

At battle of the Thames, V., 398-401.
Appointed governor of Michigan Territory,
V., 401.

Becomes Secretary of War, VI., 387.
Ordered to send troops to Charleston, VI.,
395.

Sends talk to Seminoles, VI., 481.

Fails to receive Presidential nomination,
VII., III.

Fears war with England, VII., 178.

On Mexican invasion as a cause for war,
VII., 193.

Introduces amendment to Three Million
bill, VII., 223.

Defeated for President, VII., 258-261. Believes Congress has no power to legislate regarding slavery in Territories, VII., 282.

On committee of 13, VII., 290.

Fails to receive Democratic nomination,
VII., 309, 374.

Becomes Secretary of State, VII., 386-387.
Resigns, VII., 456.

Cassin, Capt. John, At Craney Island, VI., 17.
Castilla, The.

Armament of, X., 100.

At battle of Manila Bay, X., 108-110.

Catholic Church

Castillian, The, Chases the Wasp, V., 485. Castin, Vincent de L'Abadie, Baron de Saint. Persuades Indians to attack English colonies, I., 439.

Aids Iberville to capture Pemaquid, I., 450.

Castine, Me., Occupied by the British, V., 481; VI., 20-21.

Castle Island, Erection of fortifications at, I.,

251.

Castlereagh, Lord.

Refuses to recall British Orders, V., 293.
Justifies Orders in Council, V., 299.

Refuses to relinquish right of impressment,
V., 381.

Declines offer of Russian mediation, V.,
384; VI., 85.

Sends Cathcart new instructions, VI., 85.
Decides to negotiate separately, VI., 86.
His terms of peace, VI., 88, 89.

Is willing to treat regarding fisheries, VI..
165.

Informs Rush of England's attitude toward
South America, VI., 222.

Proposes abolition of slave trade, VI., 282.
Death of, VI., 223.

Castro, Prefect of California.

Permits Frémont to enter San Joaquin
Valley, VII., 215.

Orders Frémont to depart, VII., 216.
Castro, Cipriano.

Confiscates asphalt properties in Venezuela,
X., 266-267.

Departs from Venezuela, X., 267-268.
Caswell, Richard.

Delegate to Continental Congress, II., 304.
Joins De Kalb, III., 196.

At battle of Camden, III., 199–201. Catawba Indians, I., 37, Join the Yemassees in war with colonists, II., 35.

Cathcart, James L., Sent to Tripoli, V., 86.
Cathcart, Lord, VI., 85-86.

Catherine, The, V., 487.

Catholic Church, Catholics and Catholicism.
Opposition to, in England during the
Reformation, I., 201 et seq.

Missionaries of, in Canada and Louisiana,
I., 417 et seq.

Rancor against, in England, I., 438.

Excluded from toleration in Massachusetts,
I., 444.

Compelled to take oath of abhorrency in

Maryland, II., 28.

Catholic attorneys debarred from practice in Maryland, II., 28.

Persecutions of, in Maryland, II., 29.

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Debarred from sharing in Maryland government, II., 29.

Toleration of, in Maryland, II., 176. Establish themselves in New York, II., 176.

Equality with Protestants established by Quebec Act, II., 294, 313-316.

Debarred from voting in Rhode Island, III., 336.

Liability of, to life imprisonment in Massa

chusetts, III., 336.

The first church in New England estab

lished in Boston, III., 339. Number of, in other colonies, III., 339. Ministers and churches of, IV., 62.

Excluded from holding office, V., 98-99. Ministers, churches and numbers of, X.,

442.

Catskill, The (Fed.), At Charleston, VIII.,

291-292.

Catskill Mechanical Society, V., 320.

Catskill Mountains, I., 12.

Cattell, Alexander C., Member of civil service

committee, IX., 440.

Cattle Raising.

In the colonies, II., 183-185.

During the Civil War, IX., 155.

Number and value of live stock, 1870-1910,
X., 343.

Aid given to, by the Department of Agri-
culture, X., 346.

Cavité, Arsenal at, captured by Dewey, X.,

107-110.

Cayuga, The, At New Orleans, VIII., 158-161. Cebu Island, I., 15.

Cecil Furnace, Destroyed by Cockburn, VI., 16.

Cedar Creek, Va., Battle of, IX., 56-59.
Cedar Mountain (Cedar Run or Slaughter's
Mountain), Battle of, VIII., 202-204.
Cedar River, I., 17.

Cedar Run, Battle of. See CEDAR MOUNTAIN.
Céloron de Bienville, Claims Ohio country for

the French, II., 76.

Cement, Production of, in 1880 and 1909, X., 328.

Cemetery Ridge. See GETTYSBURG.
Census. See POPULATION.

Centennial Exhibition, IX., 458.

Central America. See HONDURAS; COSTA RICA; PANAMA; COLOMBIA; NICARAGUA; GUATEMALA; MOSQUITO COAST.

Central American and United States Atlantic and Pacific Canal Company, The, VII., 261-262; X., 229.

Champagny

Central American Indians, I., 39-42.
Centreville, Va.

Battle of Bull Run near, VIII., 48-54.
Abandoned by Johnston, VIII., 149.
Second battle of Bull Run near, VIII., 205-

210.

Ceron, Alvara de Saavedra, Canal scheme of,
X., 228.

Cerro Gordo, Battle of, VII., 231–234.
Cervera y Topete, Pascual.

Mystery regarding destination of, X., 114.
Reaches Santiago, X., 120.

Rescues Hobson and his men, X., 127.
Fleet under, destroyed, X., 145-152.
Cevallos, Don Pedro de.

Agrees to pay Spanish claims, V., 49.
Negotiations of, with Pinckney, V., 51-53.
Negotiations of, with Pinckney and Mon-
roe, V., 55-57.

Refuses to aid Burr's conspiracy, V., 136. Chabanel, Father Noel, I., 425.

Chadwick, Capt. French E., On Maine Court of Inquiry, X., 91.

Chaffee, Gen. Adna R.

At El Caney, X., 139–140.

Sent to China, X., 207.

Chafin, Eugene W., Nominated for Presidency,

X., 275, 301.

Chalk Bluffs, Seized and fortified by Confederates, VIII., 33.

Challong, Henry, Captured by the Spaniards, I., 213.

Chalmers, Col. James (Confed.), At Santa
Rosa Island, VIII., 103.

Chalmers, Brig.-Gen. James R. (Confed.).
At Tupelo, VIII., 424.
At Nashville, IX., 76.
Chamberlain, Daniel H.

Elected governor of South Carolina and
begins work of overthrowing negro ré-
gime, IX., 469.

Defeated by Hampton, IX., 477–479. Chamberlain, Joseph, Member of fishery commission, X., 28.

Chambers, Benjamin J., X., II.

Chambers, Capt. Samuel, Captures American
fishing vessels, VI., 165-166.
Chambers, William L., X., 77.
Chambersburg, Pa.

Stuart's raid to, VIII., 230-231.
Captured by Early, VIII., 336.
Burned by McCausland, IX., 31.
Champagny, Jean Baptiste de (Duke de Ca-
dore).

Defines the Berlin and Milan Decrees, V., 192.

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Charity Continued.

Charleston

Relief societies aid unemployed mechanics,
VI., 121.

Work of the Sanitary and Christian Com-
missions during the Civil War, IX., 180-
184.

Other charities, IX., 184-185.

Children's aid societies, IX., 185. Charles I., King of England.

Grants Maryland to Lord Baltimore, I., 2,
279.

Continues representative government in
Virginia, I., 179.

Settles dispute between English and Dutch,
I., 192.

Grants charter to Massachusetts Bay com

pany, I., 218-219, 239-248.

Appoints Royal Committee for Plantations,
I., 250.

Annuls Massachusetts charter, I., 251.
Restores Virginia House of Burgesses, I.,

270.

Charles II., King of England.

Grants Pennsylvania and Delaware to
Penn, I., 2.

Grants Carolina to Lords Proprietors, I.,

2.

Loyalty of Virginians to, I., 274.

Appoints Davenant governor of Maryland, I., 283.

Grants New Netherland to Duke of York, I., 301.

Restored to the throne, I., 341.

His concessions to Massachusetts, I., 343344.

Grants charter to Connecticut and Rhode Island, I., 344-345.

Annuls Massachusetts charter, I., 354. Grants Virginia to Culpepper and Arlington, I., 372.

Orders Maryland offices to be bestowed on Protestants only, I., 379.

Grants charter to Carolina, I., 383, 390

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Growth of, II., 159.

Jockey-club at, II., 162.

Hospital for the insane established at, II., 169.

Private school established at, II., 171.

Meeting at, to protest against duty on tea, II., 276.

Landing of tea at, II., 279.

Meeting at, declares for general congress,
II., 299.

Repulse of the British, II., 404-407.
Prevost's attack on, III., 164-165.
Siege and capture of, III., 187-192.
Last operations at, III., 287-288.
Exports of rice from, IV., 46.

College established at, IV., 59.
Opposition to Jay's treaty at, IV., 266.
Raises money for defence, IV., 362.
Population of and social conditions in 1800,
IV., 480.

Horse-racing at, IV., 492.
Social life at, IV., 494.

Protests at British depredations, V., 167.
Anti-tariff sentiment at, VI., 273-274.
Prohibits meetings of colored persons, VI.,
286.

Population of, in 1810 and 1820, VI., 305. Anti-Nullification meeting at, VI., 371. McDuffie's speech at, VI., 373.

Attack on the mails at, VI., 436–437. Prohibits circulation of incendiary documents, VI., 438.

Suppresses negro schools, VI., 439.
Suspension of banks at, VI., 506.

Banks resume specie payments, VI., 511.
Suspension of banks at, in 1839, VII., 44.
Population in 1840, VII., 141.
Negro churches at, VII., 165.
Convention of Southern Rights Associa-
tion at, VII., 306.

Political conventions at, in 1860, VII., 422

et seq.

Joy in, over Lincoln's election and South Carolina's probable secession, VII., 443444.

Attack on the Star of the West at, VII., 463-464.

Confederate flag hoisted at, VII., 477. Bombardment of Fort Sumter, VII., 480483.

Social conditions at, in 1861, VIII., III.

Charleston, S. C.-Continued.

Charters

DuPont's attack on Fort Sumter, VIII., 290-292.

Desolation in, when occupied by Union
troops, IX., 99.

Amusements at, IX., 192.
Vice and crime at, IX., 193.
First theaters at, IX., 304.
Earthquake at, X., 32.

Population of, in 1910, I., 8.

Charlestown, W. Va., Population of, in 1910,

I., 8. Charlestown, Mass.

Founding of, I., 218.

Establishment of ferry to Boston, I., 250.
Erection of fortifications at, I., 251.

Charlotte, N. C., Population of, in 1910, I., 7.
Charlton, John, X., 246.

Charlton, The, V., 487.

Charming Betsy, The, Action with L'Revenge, IV., 422.

Charter Oak Incident, I., 354.

Charters, Patents, Grants and Concessions.

First English charter granted to Gilbert,
I., 139.

Patents to Virginia given to Raleigh, I.,

141.

Grants to the London and Plymouth Companies by James I., I., 1, 150.

The first charter of Virginia, I., 152-157. The Second Virginia Charter, I., 164-165, 179-185.

Enlargement of the London Company's powers, I., 170.

Virginia's "Charter of Privileges, Orders and Laws," I., 173-174.

The Ordinances for Virginia, I., 174, 185186.

Revocation of the London Company's charter, I., 177-179.

Charter of the Dutch East India Company, I., 187.

Monopoly granted to the Dutch West India Company, I., 190.

The Charter of Privilege and Exemptions, I., 192, 197-200.

Patent granted to Puritans by London Company, I., 207-208, 211.

Grants to Gorges and Mason, I., 214-215, 224-236.

Patent issued to Puritans for fishing and fur trading, I., 215.

New charter granted to Plymouth, I., 217, 236-239.

Grant obtained from the New England Company, I., 218.

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Charter granted to the Massachusetts Bay
Company, I., 218-219, 239–248.
Plymouth Company surrenders its charter,
I., 251.

Hooker's "Foundation Principles" and the "Fundamental Orders" of Connecticut, I., 263, 267-269.

New charter to Maine given to Gorges, I., 265.

Grant of Maryland to Lord Baltimore, I., 279, 285-290.

Charter to New Netherland given to Duke of York, I., 301.

New grant issued to Duke of York, I., 306. The New York "Charter of Liberties and Privileges," I., 307.

The Duke of York's release to Berkeley and Carteret, I., 308, 315–316.

Berkeley sells his share of New Jersey to Fenwick, I., 311.

Duke of York resigns claims to New Jersey, I., 312.

New grant to New Jersey given to Sir George Carteret, the younger, I., 313. Purchase of the grant to New Jersey by Penn and his followers, I., 314.

The Fundamental Constitution of East Jersey, I., 314, 316–322.

Charter granted to Providence Plantations, I., 328-329.

The Plough Patent to Lygonia, I., 330-331. Connecticut's charter secured by Winthrop, I., 344-345, 357-362.

Rhode Island's charter secured by Clarke, I., 345, 362-369.

Massachusetts' charter declared forfeited, I., 354.

Connecticut's charter declared forfeited, I., 355-356.

Resumption of charters by New England colonies, I., 356-357.

Virginia granted to Culpepper and Arlington, I., 372.

Culpepper secures Arlington's share, I., 376.
Culpepper's patent taken away, I., 377.
The Heath patent to Carolina, I., 382.

The Carolina charters, I., 383, 384, 390-397.
The Pennsylvania charter, I., 399, 406–412.
Penn's "Frame of Government," I., 412-
416.

Patent of the Company of New France transferred to the Company of the West, I., 424.

New charter granted to Massachusetts, I., 444.

Charters, Patents, Etc.-Continued.

Chase

Pennsylvania's third frame of government,
II., 16.

Oglethorpe's charter to Georgia, II., 41,
50-58.

See also CONSTITUTIONS, STATE.

Chaswell, The, Armament of, V., 421.
Chase, Salmon P.

Opinion of, as to importance of Ordinance
of 1787, IV., 34.

Counsel in Van Zandt Case, VII., 174.

Elected Senator, VII., 282.

Supports Free Soilers, VII., 312.
Speech on Nebraska bill, VII., 325.
Elected governor of Ohio, VII., 360.
Fails to receive Republican nomination,
VII., 375-376.

Becomes Secretary of the Treasury, VII.,
477.

Favors reinforcing Sumter, VII., 478.
Favors release of Mason and Slidell, VIII.,

59.

Statement of government's expenses, VIII.,

83.

Loses faith in McClellan, VIII., 84.
Reports on financial operations in 1861,
VIII., 112.

On lack of system in government, VIII., 117.

Defends Cameron, VIII., 117.

Considers McClellan disloyal, VIII., 200. Letters of, disparaging Lincoln and Seward, VIII., 262-263.

Resigns but returns to duties, VIII., 264.
Reports on financial operations, VIII., 399.
Desires the Presidential nomination, IX., I.
The Pomeroy circular, IX., 2.

Fails to secure Ohio indorsement, IX., 2.
Hostility of, to Lincoln, IX., 4-5.
Blair's attack on, IX., 5.
The Cisco affair, IX., 5-6.
Resigns, IX., 6.

Appointed Chief Justice, IX., 86–87.
Administers oath to Johnson, IX., 143.
On prosperity of laboring classes, IX.,
148.

Presides over impeachment trial, IX., 394.
Administers oath to Grant and Colfax, IX.,

400.

Renders legal-tender decisions, IX., 407409.

Charges that Supreme Court is packed, IX., 409.

Administers oath to Grant and Wilson, IX.,

446.

Death of, IX., 447.

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