Interview with the South Carolinians, VII.,
455-456, 461.

Decides not to reinforce forts, VII., 456.
Sends instructions to Anderson, VII., 456.
Replies to South Carolina commissioners,
VII., 461-462.

Directs reinforcements to be sent to Fort
Sumter, VII., 462.

Declines to receive answer of commission-
ers, VII., 462, 463.

Negotiates with Hayne and declines to surrender Fort Sumter, VII., 469-470. Arranges truce with Mallory, VII., 471. Messages of, VII., 345, 397, 399, 402, 409, 441, 446-447.

Buchanan, William I., Delegate to peace conference and Pan-American Congresses, X., 254-255.

Buchanan, Major, At Molino del Rey, VII., 245.

Buchanan's Station, Tenn., Indian attack on, IV., 239.

Buckles, Duty on, in tariff of 1789, IV., 100.
Buckner, Gen. Simon B. (Confed.)

Placed in command of Kentucky State
Guard, VIII., 32.

At Fort Donelson, VIII., 90–92.

At Perryville, VIII., 247–248.

At McLemore's Cove, VIII., 370–371.

At Chickamauga, VIII., 372-377. Nominated for Vice-President, X., 72. Buckshot War, The, VII., 32–36. Buckwheat.

Production of 1840-1860, IX., 233. Production of 1866-1910, X., 342. Budd, George, On the Chesapeake, V., 474. Buddhists, Ministers, churches and .numbers

of, X., 442.

Buell, Gen. Don Carlos (Fed.).

Commands department of the Ohio, VIII.,
85.

Receives surrender of Nashville, VIII., 92.
Arrives at Shiloh, VIII., 101.

Commands centre of Halleck's army, VIII.,

102.

At Corinth, VIII., 165-166.

Ordered to move on Chattanooga, VIII., 241.

At Perryville, VIII., 245-248.

Buena Vista, Battle of, VII., 206–211.

Buenos Ayres, Revolts, V., 252.

Buffalo, N. Y.

Burned by the British, V., 418.

Population of, in 1810 and 1820, VI., 305. Population of, in 1840, VII., 119.

Buffalo, N. Y.-Continued.

Railroad strike at, X., 50.

Burgess

Pan-American Exposition at, X., 218.
McKinley assassinated at, X., 219.
Population of, in 1910, I., 7.

Buford, Col. Abraham, Defeated at Waxhaws,
III., 192-193.

Buford, Brig.-Gen. Abram (Confed.).
At Tupelo, VIII., 424.

At Huntsville, IX., 61.
At Spring Hill, IX., 71.

Buford, Col. Jefferson, Leads expedition to
Kansas, VII., 370.

Buford, Maj.-Gen. John (Fed.).

At Groveton, VIII., 208.

At Fleetwood or Brandy Station, VIII., 331.

At Upperville, VIII., 336.

At Gettysburg, VIII., 337-345.

At Manassas Gap, VIII., 346–347. Buford, Gen. Napoleon B. (Fed.), At Island No. 10, VIII., 95.

Burgoyne, Gen. John.

Arrives at Boston, II., 365.

Placed in command of northern army, III., 18-19.

Sends St. Leger to Mohawk Valley, III.,

19.

Begins his march southward, III., 19-20.
His speech to the Indians, III., 20.

Issues proclamation to the people, III., 20,
50-51.

Captures Ticonderoga, III., 21-22.
Pursues retreating Americans, III., 23-24.
Corresponds with Gates regarding McCrea
murder, III., 35.

Establishes quarters at Saratoga, III., 36.
At battle of Freeman's Farm, III., 37-
39.

Defeated at Behmus' Heights, III., 42-45.
Begins the retreat, III., 45.

Surrenders to Gates, III., 47-48.
Burke, Ædanus.

Statement regarding products of South
Carolina and Georgia, IV., 97.

Attitude toward taxing slaves, IV., 99, 309. Attacks anti-slavery petition, IV., 310. Burke, Edmund.

Opinion of regarding right of taxing col-
onies, II., 222–223.

Remarks regarding repeal of Stamp Act,
II., 238.

His description of Pitt's Cabinet, II., 253.
Opinion of the duty on tea, II., 275.
Opposes bills regulating Massachusetts
government, II., 293.

Opposes quartering act, II., 294.

Proposes plan of conciliation, II., 337-338.
Moves repeal of obnoxious acts and offer

of amnesty, II., 408–409.

Supports Pitt's commercial bill, III., 347. Burke, James, Nominated for governor of New York, VI., 330.

Burling, Walter, Sent to Mexico by Wilkinson, V., 145.

Burlingame, Anson, Negotiates Chinese treaty,

Burr

Burnett, David G., Chosen president of Texas, VI., 465.

Burnett, Peter H., Leads expedition to Ore

gon, VII., 93.

Burns, Anthony, Case of, VII., 331–332. Burns, Col. James, Retreats from Stony Creek, V., 407.

Burnside, Gen. Ambrose E. (Fed.).

Conducts expedition to Roanoke Island,
VIII., 103-105.

Sends expedition to South Mills, VIII.,
107.

Declines command of Army of Potomac,
VIII., 200.

At South Mountain, VIII., 221-223.
At Antietam, VIII., 224-229.

Placed in command of Army of Potomac,
VIII., 232.

Defeated at Fredericksburg, VIII., 232–235.
Suspends operations, VIII., 235.

Orders the "Mud March," VIII., 236.
Resigns and is placed in command of De-
partment of the Ohio, VIII., 236.
Arrests Vallandigham, VIII., 349-350.
Suppresses the Chicago Times, VIII., 353.
Marches to Knoxville, VIII., 387–388.
At Campbell's Station, VIII., 389–390.
Defends Knoxville, VIII., 390-392.
Relieved from duty, VIII., 392.
At the Wilderness, VIII., 429-436.

At Spottsylvania Court House, VIII., 438,
442-446.

At the North Anna, VIII., 448.
At Cold Harbor, VIII., 453-455.
At Petersburg, IX., 36-37.

Explodes the Petersburg mine, IX., 40-41. Burnt Corn, McQueen defeated at, V., 445. Burr, Aaron.

Accompanies expedition to Quebec, II., 388.
In the Senate, IV., 123.

Persuades Freneau to go to Philadelphia,
IV., 159.

Electoral vote for in 1792, IV., 167.

Electoral vote for in 1796, IV., 296.

Opposes Hamilton, IV., 456.

Nominated for Vice-Presidency, IV., 458.
Reprints Hamilton's pamphlet, IV., 462.
Attacked by Hamilton, IV., 463.
Electoral votes for, IV., 464.
Elected Vice-President, IV., 469.
Secures charter for Manhattan Company,
IV., 489.

Inaugurated, V., I.

Protests at ignoring of his recommendations, V., 6.

Defeats Logan's amendment, V., 66.

Burr

Burr, Aaron-Continued.

Submits petition to Senate respecting Judge
Pickering, V., 106.

Presides over Chase impeachment trial, V.,
108.

Cheetham's attack on, V., 122.
Attacked by Hamilton, V., 122.

Defeated for governorship of New York,
V., 122-124.

Challenges and kills Hamilton, V., 125–129.
Flees from New York, V., 129–130.

His conspiracy, trial and acquittal, V., 130–
164.

Subsequent career of, V., 164.

Burr, Theodosia.

Letter from father to, V., 127-128. Goes west with Burr, V., 136. Burrill, James, Proposes amendment to Missouri bill, VI., 205.

Burrington, George, Appointed governor of North Carolina, II., 37.

Burroughs, Rev. George, Accused of witchcraft, I., 447.

Burrows, Lieut. William, Killed in the Enterprise, V., 477-478.

Burr's Conspiracy, V., 130-164.

Burwell, William A., Opposes renewal of Bank charter, V., 316.

Buschbeck, Col. Adolphus (Fed.), At Chancellorsville, VIII., 299-303.

Bushnell, Invents the torpedo, III., 69-70,

note.

Bushnell, Horace, IX., 279.

Bushy Run, Battle of, II., 125.

Bustamente.

Assumes control in Mexico, VI., 462.
Overthrown, VI., 462.

Butcher Mound, I., II.

Butler, Andrew P., Sumner's censure of, VII., 368.

Butler, Benjamin F., Becomes Attorney-Gen

eral, VI., 502.

Butler, Gen. Benjamin F. (Fed.).

At Big Bethel, VIII., 42.

Denominates fugitive slaves contraband of war, VIII., 60.

Captures Hatteras Inlet, VIII., 70-71.

Aids in capture of New Orleans, VIII., 157→
161.

His famous "Order No. 28," VIII., 163.
Removed from command, VIII., 164.

At Bermuda Hundred and Drury's Bluff,
VIII., 450-452.

At Hatcher's Run, IX., 47.

At Fair Oaks or Darbytown Road, IX.,

48.

Button Order

Butler, Gen. Benjamin F. (Fed.)--Continued.
At Fort Fisher, IX., 91-92.

On cotton transactions, IX., 166.
Corruption of, IX., 170, 355, note.
Buys the yacht America, IX., 179.
Manager of impeachment case, IX., 394.
Reports amnesty bill, IX., 438.

Pushes civil rights bill through Congress,
IX., 455.

Nominated for President, X., 22.

Butler, Col. John.

Flees to Canada, II., 416.

Joins St. Leger, III., 31.

Leads in massacre at Wyoming, III., 135. Butler, Joseph, Bishop of Durham, Plans to establish episcopate in colonies, II., 211. Butler, Josiah, Member of compromise committee, VI., 209.

Butler, Maj.-Gen. M. C. (Confed.).
At Hawes' Shop, VIII., 448.
At Trevilian, IX., 33-34.

At Reams' Station, IX., 44-45.

At Winchester or Opequon, IX., 53-54. Butler, Pierce.

At Federal convention, III., 448.

Favors counting negroes as basis of representation, III., 469.

Signs Constitution, III., 498.

Butler, Col. Richard, Induces Shawanese to cede lands, III., 388.

Butler, Walter.

Brings on Dunmore's War, II., 289.

Flees to Canada, II., 416.

Leads in massacre at Cherry Valley, III.,

137-138.

Killed at Johnstown, III., 282.

Butler, Lieut.-Col. William, Destroys Indian

villages, III., 137.

Butler, William Allen, IX., 298.
Butler, Gen. William O.

At battle of Monterey, VII., 201-205. Defeated for Vice-President, VII., 258-261. Butler, Col. Zebulon, At massacre of Wyoming, III., 135.

Butte, Mont., Population of, in 1910, I., 7.
Butte-a-la-Rose, La., Capture of, VIII., 327.
Butter, Production of, II., 183; IX., 233.
Butterfield, Maj.-Gen. Daniel (Fed.).

At Hanover Court House, VIII., 175.
At Fredericksburg, VIII., 232-235.

At Resaca, VIII., 475.

At Pine Mountain, VIII., 478.

At Kolb's Farm, VIII., 478-479.

Connection of with "Gold Conspiracy," IX., 406-407.

Button Order, The, IX., 354.

Opinion of Democracy, IV., 498.

Deprecates secession movement, V., 119

I20.

Letters of given to Rose, V., 210.

Delegate to Hartford Convention, VI., 59. Cabot, John, Explorations of, I., 115-116. Cabot, Sebastian.

Explorations of, I., 115-116.

Urges further explorations, I., 136.
Cache, The, Use of by the Indians, I., 80-81.

Caddoan Indians, I., 36, 42.

Cadillac, Antoine de la Mothe.

Sent to supersede Bienville, II., 62.
Dismissed from office, II., 63.

Sent to command post at Michillimackinac,
II., 67.

Founds Detroit, II., 68.

Secures monopoly of the fur trade, II., 68. Cadore, Duke de. See CHAMPAGNY,

Cadwalader, Gen. George.

Calhoun

At battle of Contreras, VII., 238-239.
At Churubusco, VII., 241–242.

In Baltimore, VIII., 31.

Cadwalader, Gen. John.

At Trenton, III., 4 et seq.

Drives British from Bordentown, III., 7. Fights duel with Conway, III., 83. Cahita Indians, I., 38.

Cahokia, Ill., Captured by Clark, III., 139. Cahokia Mounds, I., 59, 96.

Cairo, Ill.

Climate of, I., 20. Fortified, VIII., 63. Cairo, The (Fed.).

At Fort Henry, VIII., 89. At Memphis, VIII., 167. Cakchiquel Indians, I., 39. Calaveras Skull, I., 58.

Calchaqui Indians, Culture of, I., 31.

Calderon, Don A.

Demands release of Amistad and her slaves,
VII., 80.

Soulé's negotiations with, VII., 339–340. Caldwell, Colonel, Defeats Todd at Blue Licks, III., 282.

Caldwell, Maj.-Gen. John C. (Fed.).
At Glendale, VIII., 196.

At Malvern Hill, VIII., 197.

At Fredericksburg, VIII., 234.

At Gettysburg, VIII., 341-345.

Caldwell, Col. Samuel, At battle of the Thames, V., 399–401.

Caledonia, The.

Captured by Elliott, V., 354.

At battle of Lake Erie, V., 393-397.

Calef, Robert, Exposes the witchcraft delusion,

I., 448-449.

Calendars, Used by the Indians, I., 50.
Calhoun, John C.

In Congress, V., 266.

On Foreign Relations Committee, V., 279.
Favors war, V., 281.

Opposes repeal of embargo, V., 293.

Reports war measure, V., 294.

Advocates reopening of trade, V., 295.

Introduces Bank scheme, VI., 51.

Contradicts Hopkinson regarding secession sentiment, VI., 56.

Introduces question of a bank in District of Columbia, VI., 102.

Reports bill to establish Bank, VI., 105. Introduces plan for resuming specie payments, VI., 107.

Favors reduction of taxes, VI., 112.

Advocates higher duty on sugar, VI., 115.

Calhoun

Calhoun, John C.-Continued.

Reelected, VI., 131.

Becomes Secretary of War, VI., 134. Censures Jackson's actions, VI., 148-149. Opinion regarding Missouri bill, VI., 207208.

Advises Monroe on South American policy, VI., 225-226.

Elected Vice-President, VI., 230-238.

Drafts South Carolina exposition, VI., 275. Asserts that Cherokees must be removed, VI., 298.

Advocates government aid for internal improvements, VI., 312.

Submits report on roads and canals, VI., 320.

Reëlected Vice-President, VI., 333-341.
Nullification toast of, VI., 357.

Uncertain of Jackson's attitude toward reelection, VI., 384.

Ceases to be candidate for Presidency, VI., 385.

Advises nullification, VI., 392-393.

Resigns Vice-Presidency to enter Senate, VI., 398.

Introduces State rights resolutions, VI., 398-399.

Seeks Clay's aid, VI., 400.
Explains Force bill, VI., 401.

Denies Jackson's power to question opin-
ions expressed in Senate, VI., 417.
Reports bill to prevent circulation of in-
cendiary documents, VI., 443-444.
Position of regarding slavery, VI., 444-447.
Advocates recognition of Texas, VI., 470.
Introduces deposit bill, VI., 488.

Offers amendment to sub-treasury bill, VI., 510.

Argues that slavery is a benefit, VII., 23. Opposes reception of anti-slavery petitions, VII., 23-24.

State rights resolutions of, VII., 24-25. Urges prompt consideration of sub-treasury bill, VII., 31.

Advocates cession of public land to States, VII., 56-57.

Speech on the Oregon question, VII., 92. Negotiates regarding Oregon boundary, VII., 95.

Becomes Secretary of State, VII., 95, 105. Negotiates treaty annexing Texas, VII., 105-106.

Withdraws from canvass for Presidential

Calhoun, John C.-Continued.

Callava

On the advantages of slave labor, VII., 150.
Opposes war with England, VII., 178.
Resolutions of, VII., 224.

Opposes conquest and annexation of Mex-
ico, VII., 227.

Opposes prohibition of slavery in Oregon,
VII., 254-255.

Drafts southern address on slavery, VII.,
280-281.

Last speech of, VII., 286–287.

On the right to secede, VIII., 5-6. Character of speeches of, IX., 277. Letter on expansion, X., 195–196. California.

Area, population, chief cities and date admitted, I., 6, 10.

Production of gold in, I., 26-27.

Copper mines in, I., 27.

Salt mines in, I., 28.

Turquoise deposits in, I., 28.
Shell mounds of, I., 60.

Capture of Monterey by Jones, VII., 100

102.

The conquest of, VII., 214–218.

Failure of Congress to provide government for, VII., 255-256.

The discovery of gold in, and the subsequent rush for the gold fields, VII., 272276.

Formation of State government in, VII., 276-277.

Admitted as a State, VII., 293-294.
Electoral vote of, in 1852, VII., 314.

Electoral vote of, in 1856, VII., 384.
Electoral vote of, in 1860, VII., 429.
Electoral vote of, in 1864, IX., 85.

Value of lands in, 1850-1860, IX., 218, 219.
Production of gold in, 1850-1865, IX., 231.
Educational progress in, 1789-1865, IX., 265
et seq.

Constitutions adopted by, IX., 328.
Militia furnished by, X., III.

Earthquakes and fires in, X., 268–270.

Property valuations in 1860, 1870 and 1909,
X., 310, 313.

Persons engaged in agriculture in 1870-
1900, X., 342.

Enacts eight-hour law, X., 418.
Governors of, X., 537.

California, Gulf of, Explored by Guzman, I.,

125.

Call, Gen. B. K.

Attacked by Osceola, VI., 482.

Marches for Wahoo Swamp, VI., 483.

Callava, José, Quarrels with Jackson, VI., 159.