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Joined to Massachusetts, I., 2−3.

Acadia ceded to the English and renamed
Nova Scotia, I., 460.

Capture of Fort Canso, I., 470.

Passes Plaster of Paris act, VI., 121, 256.
Novanglus. See JOHN ADAMS.

Noyes, Col. E. F. (Fed.), At Smyrna Camp

Ground, VIII., 480.

Nukahiva Island, Porter at, V., 488-489, 493.
Nullification.

In Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, IV.,
384 et seq.; VIII., 6.

Madison's letters on, IV., 389, 397-402; VI.,
274, 357.

Ohio

O'Fallon, James, Colonization enterprise of,
IV., 201.

Ogden, Col. Aaron, Presents memorial to Con-
gress, III., 290.

Ogden, Peter V.

Sent west by Burr, V., 136.
Arrested but discharged, V., 151.

Rearrested, V., 152.

Released, V., 158.

Sinks into obscurity, V., 164.

Ogden, Robert.

Delegate to Stamp Act Congress, II., 229.
Burned in effigy, II., 230.

Ogden, Utah, Population of, in 1910, I., 8.
Ogdensburg, N. Y.

Brown repulses British attack on, V., 360.
MacDonnell's attack on, V., 402.

Ogle, Benjamin, Becomes governor of Mary-
land, II., 31.

Nullification of tariff law threatened by Oglethorpe, James Edward.
Hayne, VI., 263.

Nullification speech of Dr. Cooper, VI.,
267-268.

The South Carolina exposition of 1828, VI.,
275-276.

Speeches of Drayton and Hayne, VI., 369.
Nullification speeches and dinners, VI.,
373.

McDuffie's speech on South Carolina's at-
titude toward the tariff, VI., 378-379.
The nullification movement in South Caro-
lina, VI., 392-408.

See also SECESSION.

Oahu Island, I., 14.

O

Oak Grove, Battle of, VII., 188-190.
Oates, Thomas, I., 357.

Oats.

Produced in the colonies, II., 183.
Production of, 1866-1910, X., 342.

Oberlin College.

Students of, volunteer in war, IX., 177.
Admits women, IX., 267.

Oberlin-Wellington Rescue, The, VII., 410-

411.

O'Brien, Col. H. T., Killed in New York draft
riots, VIII., 283.

O'Brien, Capt. J. P. J., At battle of Buena

Vista, VII., 207–211.

Observations on the Boston Port Bill, Issued

by Quincy, II., 295; IV., 71.

Observer, The, VII., 20-22.

Odell, Jonathan, Satires of, IV., 71.

Obtains charter for Georgia, II., 41, 50-58.
Appointed governor, II., 42.
Founds Savannah, II., 43.
Returns to England, II., 43.

Brings more colonists to Georgia, II., 45.
Confers with the Creeks, II., 45-46.
Besieges St. Augustine, II., 46.

Repels Spanish attack on Frederica, II., 46.
Charges against, II., 46.

Marriage and death of, II., 46.

O'Hara, Theodore.

With Lopez in Cuba, VII., 302.

His "Bivouac of the Dead," IX., 298.

Ohio.

Area, population, chief cities, and date ad-
mitted, I., 8, II.

Coal mines in, I., 28.

Salt mines in, I., 28.

Prehistoric remains in, I., 59, 98-99, 101-

102.

Crawford's disastrous campaign in, III.,
281.

Grant to the Ohio Company in, III., 390-
391.

Founding of Marietta, III., 391.

Grant to the Miami Company, III., 398-399.
Cincinnati founded, III., 399.

Harmar's defeat by the Indians, IV., 190-
191.

Indian massacres in, IV., 191.

St. Clair's defeat in, IV., 192–194.

Wayne's victory at Fallen Timbers, IV.,
196-198.

Extent of settlement in, IV., 234.

The French grants in. IV., 235.

Receives Western Reserve, IV., 473.

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Erected into a Territory, IV., 477.
Population of, in 1800, IV., 481.
Formation of government in, and admission
of, to the Union, V., 67–71.
Provisions of constitution, V., 99.
Electoral vote of, in 1804, V., 116.
Disapproves of reapportionment, V., 118.
Appropriates money to frustrate Burr, V.,

153.

Electoral vote of, in 1808, V., 213.
Enacts stay law, V., 266.
Government in, V., 301.
Wool raising in, V., 312.

Siege of Fort Meigs, V., 368-369.

Defeat of British at Fort Stephenson, V.,
370-372.

Electoral vote of, in 1812, V., 376.
Banks established in, VI., 101.
Suspension of specie payments in, VI.,
103.

Depreciation of bank notes in, VI., 104.
Electoral vote of, in 1816, VI., 132.
Demands protective tariff and internal im-
provements, VI., 177–178.

Imposes tax on branch of United States
Bank, VI., 180.

Attempts to oust the Bank of the United

States, VI., 181-183.

Favors restraining slavery, VI., 201.
Indorses Clay for Presidency, VI., 232.
Favors protective tariff, VI., 269.
Rights of the negro in, VI., 286.

Opposes Georgia's proposed amendment,
VI., 291.

Urges government aid for colonization so-
ciety, VI., 291.

Population of, in 1820 and 1830, VI., 304-
305, 308.

Revises criminal code, VI., 324.

Electoral vote of, in 1832, VI., 391.
Denounces nullification, VI., 404.
The Toledo War in, VI., 474-476.
Favors expunging resolution, VI., 485.
Uses made of quota of surplus, VI., 492.
Banks of, resume specie payments, VI., 511.
Report of committee of legislature on stat-
us of negro, VII., 19.

Electoral vote of, in 1840, VII., 55.
Electoral vote of, in 1844, VII., 115.
Abolishes imprisonment for debt, VII., 131.
Lotteries prohibited in, VII., 132.
Electoral vote of, in 1848, VII., 260.
Electoral vote of, in 1852, VII., 314.
Refuses to vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

VII., 327.

Ohio-Continued.

Oklahoma

Success of Anti-Nebraska party in, VII.,
354.

Chase elected governor of, VII., 360.
Electoral vote of, in 1856, VII., 384.
The Oberlin-Wellington rescue, VII., 410-

4II.

Electoral vote of, in 1860, VII., 429.

Response of, to Lincoln's call for volun-
teers, VIII., 22.

Vallandigham's arrest and trial in, VIII.,
349-350.

Vallandigham defeated for governorship of,
VIII., 352.

Morgan's raid in, VIII., 365-367.

Republicans of, indorse Lincoln for re-
nomination, IX., 2.

Electoral vote of, in 1864, IX., 85.
Population of, 1850-1870, IX., 156.
Deaf and dumb asylum established in, IX.,
185.

Dispute with Kentucky over return of fugi-
tive slave, IX., 208-209.

Value of real property in 1815, 1850, and
1860, IX., 216–219.

Average value of lands in, per acre, IX.,
218.

Manufactures in, 1850, IX., 228.
Production of coal in, IX., 229.
Tobacco produced in, IX., 234.
Chief exports of, IX., 238.

Educational progress in, 1789-1865, IX., 263
et seq.

Constitutions adopted by, IX., 327.
Militia furnished by, X., 112.

Property valuation in, 1860, 1870, and 1909,
X., 310, 313.

Persons engaged in agriculture in, 1870-
1900, X., 341.

Enacts eight-hour law, X., 418.
Governors of, X., 547-548.

Ohio Company, The, II., 77.

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Sent to investigate affairs in Kansas, VII.,
367.

Renders report, VII., 379.

Olliwachica, The Open Door. See PROPHET,
THE.

Olmstead, Col. C. H. (Confed.), Surrenders
Fort Pulaski, VIII., 107.

Olmstead, Frederick Law, Appointed secre-
tary of Sanitary Commission, IX., 181.
Olney, Richard.

Becomes Attorney-General and Secretary of
State, X., 51.

Prepares paper on Venezuela boundary
dispute, X., 68.

Olustee, Fla., Seymour's defeat at, VIII., 411-

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Oneida Indians, Frontenac's attack on, I., 451.
Onis, Don Luis de.

Protests at filibustering expeditions, VI.,

142.

Protests at Jackson's operations in Florida,
VI., 148.

Demands surrender of West Florida, VI.,

152.

Negotiates for the sale of Florida, VI., 153

et seq.

Onondaga Indians, Frontenac's attack on, I.,

451.

Ontario, The.

Purchased, V., 392.

Armament of, V., 403.

Attacks Fort George, V., 405.

Ontario, The, Sent against Barbary Powers,

VI., 125.

Opdycke, Maj.-Gen. Emerson

Franklin, IX., 72–73.

Opechancanough.

Captures John Smith, I., 161.

(Fed.),
(Fed.), At

Plans massacre of the whites, I., 176-177.
Massacres the Virginia colonists, I., 273.
Open Door, The. See PANTHER, THE.
Open Door Policy, X., 204, 252.
Opequon. See WINCHESTER.
Opium, Imposition of duty on, VIII., 401.
Opossum Mound, I., 96.
Orange.

Trees planted at Jamestown, I., 160.
Introduced in Louisiana, II., 66.
Experiments in cultivation of, II., 184.
Orange Free State, Treaties with, X., 524.
Orangeburgh, S. C., Captured by Sumter, III.,

255.

Oratorio Society, X., 458.

Orchards, Battle of the. See OAK GROVE.

Ord, Gen. Edward O. C. (Fed.).

At Iuka, VIII., 305.

At Hatchie River, VIII., 307.

At Vicksburg, VIII., 322-323.

At Jackson, VIII., 324.

At Fort Harrison, IX., 45.

Assaults the Petersburg lines, IX., 120.
At Farmville and Highbridge, IX., 123-125.
At Appomattox, IX., 126.

Appointed commander of fourth military
district, IX., 385.

Order of American Knights, The, VIII., 393-

394.

Orders in Council, British.

Exclude American ships and produce from
West Indies, III., 347.

Issued against neutral trade with France,
V., 165-166.

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Linn's bill to establish government in, VII., Osborn, Col. Thomas W. (Fed.), At Savage

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Depopulated by rush to California gold- Osgood, Samuel, Resigns office of Postmaster-

fields, VII., 273.

Electoral vote of, in 1860, VII., 429.

Electoral vote of, in 1864, IX., 85.
Value of lands in, 1850-1860, IX., 218-219.
Educational progress in, IX., 266 et seq.
Constitutions adopted by, IX., 328.
The Modoc Indian uprising in, IX., 455-456.
Sends contested electoral returns, IX., 475.
Electoral votes of, given to Hayes, IX.,
476.

War with the Shoshones and Bannocks in,
. X., 4.

Militia furnished by, X., 112.

Property values, 1860, 1870, and 1909, X.,
310, 313.

Persons engaged in agriculture in, 1870-
1900, X., 342.

Governors of, X., 548.

Oregon, The.

Armament of, X., 98.

Voyage of, X., 122-123.

At battle of Santiago, X., 148–152.

General, IV., 124.

Ossipee, The (Fed.), At Mobile Bay, IX., 14–

16.

Ossoli, Margaret Fuller.

Connected with Brook Farm Institute, VII.,

129.

Writings of, IX., 287.

Ostend Manifesto, The, VII., 341-342, 346-

349.

Osterhaus, Gen. Peter J. (Fed.).

At Pea Ridge, VIII., 94.

At Port Gibson, VIII., 315.

At Champion's Hill, VIII., 318-319.

At Chattanooga, VIII., 383-386.
At Ringgold Gap, VIII., 386–387.
Oswald, Richard.

Sent to France to open peace negotiations,
III., 301-302.

Compelled to secure new commission, III.,
302-303.

Submits Jay's draft of treaty to ministry,
III., 308.

Oswego

Oswego, N. Y.

Trading post established at, II., 10.
Forts erected at, II., 93.

Captured by the French, II., 105.
Attacked by Yeo, V., 421-422.

Otis, Gen. Elwell S.

INDEX

Left in command in the Philippines, X.,
186.

Member of Philippines Commission, X.,
187.

Otis, Harrison Gray.

Succeeds Ames in Congress, IV., 330.
Asserts Livingston's speech is seditious,
IV., 370.

Connection of, with Miranda enterprise,
IV., 427.

Retains seat in Congress, IV., 453.
Favors Burr for Presidency, IV., 455.
Chosen speaker of Massachusetts legisla-
ture, V., 119.

Threatens secession, V., 218.

Delegate to Hartford Convention, VI., 59.
Letters regarding Walker's "Appeal," VI.,
423, 425.

Speech of, on incendiary documents, VI.,
439-440.

Otis, Gen. Harrison G., In the Philippines, X.,
190 et seq.

Otis, James.

Practices law, II., 130.

His speech on writs of assistance, II., 214-

215.

Pamphlets issued by, II., 219-221; IV., 70-
71.

Appointed delegate to colonial congress, II.,
227, 229.

Acts as moderator of Massachusetts meet-

ings, II., 256, 260.

Appointed chairman of protest committee,
II., 264.

Assault on, II., 268.

Ottawa, The (Fed.), VIII., 287.

Ottawa Indians.

Participate in the Outagamie War, II., 69-

70.

In Pontiac's conspiracy, II., 123.

Cede lands in Northwest, III., 388; IV.,
188.

Conclude treaty of Greenville, IV., 199.
Ottawa River, Exploration of, by Champlain,

I., 133.

Ottoman Porte. See TURKEY.
Outagamie Indians.

Besiege Detroit and are captured, II., 69-

70.

Attack the Illinois, II., 70-71.

Outagamie Indians-Continued.

Attacked by the French, II., 71.

Final subjugation of, II., 71.

Paine

Persuade the Sioux to aid in expelling
French, II., 73.

Ovenshine, Brig.-Gen. Samuel, In the Philip-
pines, X., 190 et seq.

Owen, Robert, Communistic settlement of, at
New Harmony, VI., 325-326.

Owen, Robert Dale, Edits the New Harmony
Gazette, VI., 327.

Owens, Introduces gag rule, VI., 447-448.
Ox Hill, Battle of. See CHANTILLY.
Oxenstierna, Charters New South Company,
I., 195.

Oyster River, N. H., Attacked by the Indians,
I., 450.

P

Paauw, Michael, Purchases land in New Jer-
sey, I., 193.

Paca, William.

Delegate to Continental Congress, II., 303.
Signs Declaration, II., 438.

Pacheco, Gen. D. Francisco, At battle of
Buena Vista, VII., 208-211.
Pacific, Loss of the, VII., 430.

Pacific Fur Company, Founded by Astor, VI.,
168.

Pacific Ocean, Discovered by Balboa, I., 117.
Pacificus, IV., 228-229.

Packard, S. B., Attempts to seize Louisiana
legislature, IX., 464-465, 476–477.
Packett, Lieut. John H., At battle of Lake
Erie, V., 393–397.

Packing Industry, The, Growth of, during
Civil War, IX., 155, 160.

Padroning. See LABOR.

Paducah, Ky.

Prepared for Confederate forces, VIII., 33.
Forrest's attack on, VIII., 421.

Page, John.

Opposes tariff bill of 1792, IV., 127.

Advocates respect for anti-slavery petition,
IV., 312.

Retires from Congress, IV., 333.

Page, Thomas W., X., 289.

Page, William, X., 456.

Paine, Maj.-Gen. Halbert E. (Fed.), At Port
Hudson, VIII., 328-329.

Paine, Robert Treat.

Character of, II., 252.

Appointed delegate to Congress, II., 300,

303.

Signs Declaration, II., 437.

Composes "Adams and Liberty," IV., 361.

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