Feet Washers, The, VII., 127.
Fellows, John, Retreat of troops under, at
Kip's Bay, II., 451.

Fendall, Josiah.

Appointed governor of Maryland, I., 284.
Leads Protestant Revolution in Maryland,
I., 380.

Fénelon, Abbé Salignac de, Tried for sedition, I., 433-434.

Fenno, John, Edits Gazette of the United States, IV., 159.

Fenton, Colonel (Fed.), At Secessionville, VIII., 109.

Fenwick, John.

Purchases Berkeley's share of New Jersey,
I., 311.

His dispute with and arrest by Andros,
I., 311.

Transfers his grant to Penn, I., 314-315. Fenwick, Lieut.-Col. John R.

At Fort Niagara, V., 354.
Captured at Queenston, V., 358.

Ferdinand, King of Portugal, Aids Columbus,
I., III-112.

Ferdinand, King of Sicily.

Stamps out liberalism in Spain, VI., 215.
Requests aid to sudue colonies, VI., 217.
Forced to support constitution, VI., 218-

219.

Abdicates but is restored to throne, VI.,

219.

Ferguson, Major Patrick.

Attacks Egg Harbor, III., 136.

Defeats Americans at Monk's Corner, III., 189.

Defeated at King's Mountain, III., 203-205. Fernandina, Fla.

Captured by American forces, V., 262-263. Captured by MacGregor, VI., 140. Ferrand, Gen. Louis, Prohibits trade with

San Domingo, V., 66.

Ferrar, Gabriel and Nicholas, Contribute to

endowment of East India School, I., 176. Ferrero, Brig.-Gen. Edward (Fed.).

At Campbell's Station, VIII., 389–390.
At Spottsylvania Court House, VIII., 446.
Ferries.

Establishment of, between Boston and
Charlestown, I., 250.

Between New York and Brooklyn, III., 330. The first steam ferryboats, V., 309. Fertilizer, Use of fish for, by the Indians, I.,

75.

Fessenden, S. C., Resolution of, VIII., 239. Fessenden, William P.

Opposes legal tender bill, VIII., 113.

Fessenden, William P.-Continued.

Finances

Appointed Secretary of the Treasury, IX., 6.

Elected to Senate, IX., 86.

On reconstruction committee, IX., 369. Fetishism, I., 47.

Few, James, Participates in Regulator affair,
II., 283.

Field, Maj.-Gen. Charles W. (Confed.).
At Mechanicsville, VIII., 191.

At Glendale, VIII., 196.

At the Wilderness, VIII., 434-436.

At Spottsylvania Court House, VIII., 441–
446.

At Cold Harbor, VIII., 453-455.
At Deep Bottom, IX., 41-42.

At Hatcher's Run, IX., 47.
At Fair Oaks, IX., 48.

At Farmville, IX., 125.

Field, Cyrus W., Lays the Atlantic cable, VII.,

431.

Field, James G., Nominated for Vice-Presidency, X., 51.

Field, Justice Stephen J.

On legal tender case, IX., 408-409. Member of electoral commission, IX., 476. Fig Culture.

Introduced in Louisiana, II., 66. Experiments in Virginia, II., 184. Filibustering.

The Lopez expeditions to Cuba, VII., 301304.

William Walker in Nicaragua, VII., 343-
346.

To Cuba prior to the Spanish-American
War, X., 87-88.

Hamilton's second report on public credit, IV., 116, 141-143.

Incorporation of the first bank, IV., 117

I20.

Increase of import duty and decrease of excise duty in 1792, IV., 127–128. Establishment of money standard and the Mint, IV., 128-130.

Hamilton's third report on public credit, IV., 133.

Increase of tariff in 1794, IV., 187. Hamilton's plans for increasing revenues, IV., 254-255.

Part of bank stock sold, IV., 289.

Loan of $800,000 authorized, IV., 335.
Additional taxes and large loan authorized,
IV., 405.

Loan authorized, IV., 455.
Gallatin's report on, V., 8-9.
Reduction of taxes, V., 9-10.
Sinking fund established, V., 10.

Payments on account of debt and creation

of surplus, V., 214.

Gallatin's reports on, V., 215-216, 286. For financial operations during the War of 1812. See that title.

The currency act of 1834, VI., 420-422. Propositions to spend the surplus, VI., 484 et seq.

Clay's land bill, VI., 487–488.

Passage of the deposit bill to distribute the surplus, VI., 488-489.

Taney's specie circular, VI., 490.
Jackson's statement of, VI., 496.
Attacks on Taney's specie circular, VI., 497.
The currency act of 1837, VI., 501-502.
Debate on the sub-treasury bills, VI., 509-
510; VII., 30-32.

Debate on the assumption of State debts,
VII., 45, 48-49.

Passage of the sub-treasury bill, VII., 49

50.

Tyler's statement of condition of, VII., 61, 67.

Finances-Continued.

Extension of the loan, VII., 71.

Finances

Taylor's statement of condition of, VII., 283-284.

Pierce's statement of condition of, VII., 365.

Issue of treasury notes authorized, VII., 410.

Reduction of the debt, 1849 to 1856, VII., 433.

Loans and issues of Treasury notes, VII., 440.

During the Civil War.
Amount of the debt in

See that title. 1865 and 1868, IX.,

399, 402; X., 395. Reduction of internal taxation, IX., 402; X., 400.

The Wool and Woolens Act, IX., 403. Measures for resuming specie payments, IX., 404; X., 397.

Passage of resolution against further contraction of currency, IX., 404; X., 396. The New York Gold Conspiracy, IX., 405407.

The legal-tender decisions in cases of Hepburn vs. Griswold and Juilliard vs. Greenman, IX., 407-409.

Congress authorizes increase of bank notes, IX., 410.

Bill passed to refund national debt, IX., 410; X., 395–396.

The tariff of 1870, IX., 410-411.

Reduction of internal and income taxation, IX., 411-412.

Discussion of the power of originating rev

enue measures, IX., 412.

The resumption of specie payments in 1879, X., 8-10, 399.

Hayes vetoes refunding bill, X., 12-13, 402. Reduction of tariff and internal taxation, X., 19-20, 400-401.

Congress authorizes purchase of unmatured bonds, X., 39.

The McKinley tariff, X., 42-44, 403. Decrease of revenues under McKinley tariff, X., 44.

Fluctuation in exports and imports of gold,
X., 48-49.

Decrease in gold reserve, X., 49, 52.
The panic of 1893, X., 52-54, 404.
Repeal of the Sherman Purchase Act, X.,
53.

The Gorman-Wilson tariff bill, X., 55, 405. Efforts to maintain the gold reserve, X., 56-57.

The Dingley tariff bill, X., 74-75, 405-406.

Appropriations and increase of taxation during Spanish-American War, X., 102 406.

The Payne-Aldrich tariff bill, X., 278-279. General summary of, since 1865, X., 395408.

Expenditures and receipts of the Govern

ment, 1900-1910, X., 468.

See also CURRENCY; BANKING; TARIFF;
DEBTS; GOLD; SILVER; SPECIE PAYMENTS.
Finances, Confederate. See CIVIL WAR.
Finch, Francis M., IX., 298.

Finch, The, At Lake Champlain, V., 437-440.
Findlay, James, Joins Hull, V., 340.
Findlay, William, Elected Governor of Penn-
sylvania, VI., 135.

Findley, William.

Opposes adoption of Constitution by Pennsylvania, IV., 7.

Elected to Congress, IV., 123.

Favors renewal of Bank charter, V., 316. Finegan, Gen. Joseph (Confed.), At Olustee, VIII., 412.

Finis, Capt. R., At battle of Lake Erie, V.,

394-397.

Finley, Dr. Robert, Organizes colonization

society, VI., 278.

Fire Insurance. See INSURANCE.

Firefly, The, Sent against Barbary Powers,

VI., 125.

Fischer, Lieut.-Col.

At Oswego, V., 421.

At Fort Erie, V., 432-434.

Fish, Hamilton.

On threats to dissolve Union, VII., 382. Moves amendment to tariff bill, VII., 437. Becomes Secretary of State, IX., 400. Proposes annexation of Canada, IX., 416417.

Appointed Alabama claims commissioner,

IX., 417.

Ordered to remove Motley as minister to England, IX., 420.

Withholds Grant's recognition of Cuban belligerency, IX., 422.

Negotiates indemnity convention for Virginius affair, IX., 423.

Proclaims Fifteenth Amendment law. IX., 426.

Opposes but finally consents to appointment of Delfosse, X., 6-7.

Fish.

Use of, by Indians as fertilizer, I., 75. Storage and preservation of, I., 80 et seq. Exports of, from the colonies, II., 186.

Fish-Continued.

Five Forks

Exportation of, allowed in English ships,
II., 207.

Exports of, from colonies, IV., 50-51.

Duty on, in tariff of 1789, IV., 100.

Fisher, Mary, Banished from Massachusetts, I., 333.

Fisher, Walter L., Becomes Secretary of the Interior, X., 282.

Fisheries.

Attacks of privateers on fisheries of New England, I., 470.

Growth of fisheries, II., 182.

Dispute in Congress over concession of Newfoundland fisheries, III., 173. Disputes among peace commissioners regarding, III., 308 et seq.

Negotiations regarding, at Ghent, VI., 89 et seq.

The dispute with England over fishery rights, VI., 160-167.

Effect of Canadian reciprocity treaty on, VII., 335.

Settlement of the fishery dispute, X., 5-8,

27-29, 286-287.

Fisher's Hill, Battle of, IX., 54-56.
Fishing.

Indian methods of, I., 71-72.

Patent for, issued to the Puritans, I.,

215.

Fisk, Clinton B., Nominated for Presidency,

X., 39.

Fisk, James, Threatens Madison, V., 290.
Fisk, James, Jr., Connection of, with "Gold
Conspiracy," IX., 405-407.

Fiske, Jonathan, Favors renewal of Bank char-
ter, V., 316-317.
Fitch, Clyde, X., 460.

Fitch, Col. Graham N. (Fed.), Captures St. Charles, Ark., VIII., 170.

Fitch, John, Invents steamboat, III., 331; IV., 43.

Fitch, Thomas, Governor of Connecticut, II., 5.
Fitzgerald, John J., X., 289.

Fitzsimmons (or Fitzsimons) Thomas.
Signs Constitution, III., 497.

Advocates specific duties on certain articles,
IV., 92.

Advocates duty on malt, IV., 96.

Chairman of committee to revise tariff, IV.,

102.

Moves affirmation of principles of Hamilton's report, IV., 104.

Moves amendment to Madison's resolutions, IV., 180.

Five Forks, Battle of, IX., 118-119.

Discovered by Ponce de Leon, I., 1, 116– 117.

Founding of St. Augustine, I., 1, 128. Area, population, chief cities, and date admitted, I., 6, 10.

Shell mounds of, I., 60.

Explorations of Narvaez in, I., 121.
De Soto in, I., 123.

Ribaut's attempt to establish colony in, I., 127-128.

Laudonnière in, I., 127-128.

Menendez and Gourgues in, I., 128-130. The siege of St. Augustine, by English colonists, II., 33-34.

Florida-Continued.

Florida

St. Augustine besieged by Oglethorpe, II., 46.

Capture and restoration of Pensacola, II., 65-66.

Ceded to England and divided into East and West Florida, II., 120; V., 18. Boundary of West Florida determined, II., 129; V., 19.

Conceded to Spain, III., 173.

Extension of Spanish authority in, III., 230.
Capture of Pensacola, III., 279.
Introduction of cotton in, IV., 46.
Growth of rice in, IV., 46.

Returned to Spain by England, IV., 199;
V., 18-19, 47.

Genêt's proposed attack on, IV., 206–207. The question of American ownership of, V., 48-49, 54.

Negotiations for purchase of, V., 51 et seq. Provisional government recommended for West Florida, V., 253.

New Feliciana adopts constitution and offers annexation to the United States, V., 253-254.

West Florida occupied by Claiborne, V., 255.

Revolution in East Florida, V., 256. Congress authorizes occupation of East Florida, V., 257.

West Florida divided and annexed to Mississippi and Louisiana, V., 260–261, 264. The revolution in East Florida, V., 261-263. Seizure of West Florida authorized, V., 443. Wilkinson takes possession of West Florida, V., 443.

Seizure of Fort Barrancas at Pensacola, VI., 63.

Pensacola captured by Jackson, VI., 68. The attack on negro fort, VI., 139–140. Aury and MacGregor at Amelia Island, VI., 140-141.

Capture of Fowltown, VI., 143.

Execution of Arbuthnot and Ambrister, VI., 144-147.

Pensacola again captured, VI., 147-148. Purchased by the United States, VI., 152158.

Jackson appointed governor of, VI., 158. His quarrel with Spanish officials, VI., 158160.

Organized into a Territory, VI., 160.
The Seminole War in, VI., 143 et seq.; VII.,
15-18.

Restricts the slave trade, VII., 163.
Electoral vote of, in 1848, VII., 260.

Seizure of forts at, by Confederates, VII., 468-469.

Engagement at Fort Pickens, VIII., 103.
Seymour's defeat at Olustee, VIII., 411-412.
Boundary dispute with Georgia, IX., 207.
Value of lands in, 1850-1860, IX., 217-219.
Educational progress in, IX., 266 et seq.
Constitutions adopted by, IX., 328.
Marvin appointed provisional governor of,
IX., 366–367.

Abolishes slavery, repudiates war debt, and rescinds secession ordinance, IX., 368. Anti-negro laws of, IX., 372.

Rejects Fourteenth Amendment, IX., 380. Negro and white voters registered in, IX., 387.

Adopts new constitution, IX., 389.

Ratifies Fourteenth Amendment, IX., 396. Hayes electors declared successful, IX., 474. Electoral votes of, cast for Hayes, IX., 476. Militia furnished by, X., III.

Property values in 1860, 1870, and 1909, X., 310, 313.

Floyd, John.

Foote

Reports bill authorizing occupation of Ore

gon, VI., 170.

Moves that Missouri votes be counted, VI., 210.

Receives electoral votes, VI., 391. Advocates deportation of free negroes, VI.,

427.

Message on incendiary documents, VI., 429. Floyd, Gen. John B. (Confed.).

Becomes Secretary of War, VII., 387.
Demands explanation of Anderson's occu-
pation of Fort Sumter, VII., 460.
Demands that garrison be withdrawn from
Charleston, VII., 461.

Resigns, VII., 461.

Joins Wise at White Sulphur Springs, VIII., 74.

Repulses Rosecrans at Carnifex Ferry, VIII., 76-78.

At Gauley Bridge, VIII., 78-79.

At Fort Donelson, VIII., 90–92.

Destroys bridges over the Cumberland, VIII., 92.

Relieved of command, VIII., 147.

Floyd, William.

Delegate to Continental Congress, II., 304. Signs Declaration, II., 438.

1900, X., 341.

Governors of, X., 538.

Florida, The (Confed.), Cruise and capture of, IX., 9-11.

Flour.

Laws for inspection of, instituted in Pennsylvania, II., 19.

Flour mills established in the colonies, II., 182.

Exports of, II., 187; IV., 51.

Increase in price of, during War of 1812,
VI., 43.

Rise in price of, in 1837, VI., 503.

The flour riots in New York, VI., 503-504.
Value of production of, in 1850 and 1860,
IX., 227, 232.

Flour Certificates, V., 200-201.

Flower, Enoch, Opens school in Pennsylvania,

I., 403-404.

Floyd, Davis.

Arrested, V., 156.

Indicted, V., 161.

Floyd, Maj. George R. C., At Tippecanoe, V., 274.

Floyd, Brig.-Gen. John.

Defeats Creeks at Autossee, V., 451.

Repulses Indians at Tuckaubatchee, V., 453.

eral, V., 338.

Flushing, L. I., Political rights of, withdrawn,

I., 299.

Flusser, Capt. C. W. (Fed.), IX., 89.

Flying Fish, The. Captures the Mount Vernon, IV., 325-326.

Folch, Vincente.

Prohibits transportation of American mail across West Florida, V., 141.

Offers annexation of the Floridas, V., 256. Folger, Benjamin, Inventor of candle-machine, IV., 146.

Folger, Charles J., Appointed Secretary of the Treasury, X., 16.

Fontan, Gen. Ventura, Negotiates surrender of Santiago, X., 158.

Foods.

Indian foods and methods of storing and preserving them, I., 75-82.

Foods eaten by Americans in 1800, IV.,
490-491.

Foote, Commodore Andrew H. (Fed.).
Begins movement toward Fort Henry,
VIII., 86.

Bombards Fort Henry, VIII., 89-90.

Aids in capture of Fort Donelson, VIII., 90-92.