PHILLIP DANFORTH ARMOUR, "King of Packers," sold the products of his slaughter-houses all over the world, and built up a business amounting to over $150,000,000 a year. His will, when probated, showed that his estate amounted to about $15,000,000, but this was explained by one of the executors, who said Mr. Armour had given $27,000,000 to his two sons and charities. The Armour Institute was the recipient of nearly $3,000,000. His death occurred in January, 1901, when he was in his sixty-eighth year-about twelve months after the passing away of his idolized son, Phillip D., Jr., into whose hands he had intended to place the management of his vast business interests.

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CHESTER ALAN ARTHUR, twenty-first President of the United States, succeeded President James A. Garfield upon the death of the latter, taking the oath of office at his New York residence on September 20th, 1881, the day after President Garfield died. President Arthur, two days later, was formally sworn in at Washington, the oath being administered by Chief Justice Waite, of the United States Supreme Court. Vice-President Arthur had sided with the "Stalwarts," led by United States Senators Conkling and Platt, of New York, both of whom resigned their seats in the Senate when President Garfield made certain appointments to which they were opposed. Guiteau shot the President soon after. General Arthur died November 18th, 1886, aged fifty-six. He was a Vermonter by birth. (7)

JOHN JAMES AUDUBON was not only the leading ornithologist of his day, but is acknowledged the most learned man in his profession the world has ever known. From the time he began to look around him he was interested in birds and their habits, and when but fourteen years old his father sent him to Paris, where he became the pupil of Davis, the great painter. Young Audubon was not a genius, and he never made claim to being a painter of the first class, but his master told him he had done remarkably well. "Birds of America" and "Ornithological Biography" are his best known works, the former being published in ten volumes and selling at $1,000 a set. Professor Audubon was a native of Louisiana, born in 1780; he died in 1851. (8)

GEORGE BANCROFT, who is regarded as one of the greatest historians the world ever knew, was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1800, and died just about the time the new century was preparing to make its entrance upon the stage. After his graduation from Harvard University young Bancroft went abroad and studied the literatures of Germany, France and Italy; Arabic, Hebrew and Scripture interpretation; natural history, the antiquities and literature of Greece and Rome, and Greek philosophy. When Secretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of President Polk he established the Naval Academy at Annapolis, and was afterwards Minister to England, Prussia, the North German Confederation and the German Empire. His most famous publication was his "History of the United States," the revised edition appearing in 1885.

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CLARA BARTON, whose labors with the Red Cross Society have made her famous the world over, had her first experience in the Civil War. She went to the front of her volition and nursed the wounded soldiers, and was later given an important position by President Lincoln. In the Franco-Prussian war she assisted the Grand Duchess of Baden in the preparations of military hospitals. When the Red Cross Society was organized in the United States she was its first President. She was active in relieving suffering in Cuba and in Galveston at the time of the disaster there. She was born in Massachusetts in 1830. (10)