Banyar, Goldsbrow, commissioner on
canal from Wood creek to the Mo-
hawk, 44; report on western waters
of New York, quoted, 58..
Barge canal, along the original Mo-
hawk, Wood creek and Oneida lake
route, 29; reduced rate for trans-
portation predicted, 121; first sug-
gestion of, 218; recommended by
Roosevelt commission, 249; bill
drafted, 250; Legislative history of
barge canal, 251-265; survey bill
passed, 256; provisions of bill, 257-
259, 323; Odell referendum meas-
ure, 1901, 269-270; referendum bill,
1902, 272-276; Davis-Bostwick bill,
1903, 283-339; meetings to aid in
passage of bill, 292; Senator Lewis's
speech opposing bill, quoted, 319-
322; Senator Hill's reply, quoted,
322-327; passage of bill by Senate,
335; senators voting for bill, 336;
bill passed by Assembly, 337-339;
approved by Gov. Odell, 339; esti-
mate of cost, 342; canal campaign
of 1903, 340-393, 468; circular op-
posing canal, quoted, 346-347; coun-
ties voting in favor of the measure,
393; total vote, 397; Advisory
Board of Consulting Engineers, 399-
401; size of locks, engineering prob-
lems, 401; amendments to original
act, 402-406; sentiment in anti-canal
counties changing, 404-405;
in construction, 408, 416; contracts
let, 408, 411; controversy as to
route, 409-410; mileage to be built,
411; speech of H. W. Hill "On
the Canal Improvement Referendum
Measure," 469-512; size of canal
route, 503.
Barges, cost and capacity, 504.
Barker, Samuel A., member of assem-
bly, 1791, 48.
Barkley, Alexander, 169.
Barlow, Joel, "Vision of Columbus,"
quoted, 44, 439
Barnes, A. C., address at Jamestown,
quoted, 363.
Barnes, Daniel, quoted, 208; delegate
to Canal Union convention, 212.
Barnes, John V., delegate to Buffalo
convention, 1901, 272.
Barnes, Mortimer G., member of Ad-
visory Board of Consulting Engi-
neers, 399.
Barnes, Wheeler, supports canal bill,
Barney, Charles T., 304.
Barrally, Thomas W., engineer, 395.
Barrett, Alfred, engineer, 394.
Barton, David R., chairman of Roch-
ester canal convention, 184.
Barton, James L., 182.
Bascom, Ansel, speaks at Rochester
and Útica conventions, 184.
Batavia, N. Y., 146, 164.
Bates, David S., favors Black Rock
terminal for canal, 108; one of
chief engineers of Erie canal, 394.
Bates, Edward, Attorney-General of
U. S., 199.
Bates, Lindon, Jr., 406.
Bath, N. Y., transportation to Balti-
more from, 24.
Battenkill river, 146.
Bayard, Dr. A. H., secretary of State
Commerce convention, 246.
Bayard, Stephen, journey to Seneca
lake, 50.
Beach, Edson F., 384.
Beach, W. H., addresses meeting at
Lily Dale, 359.
Bean, I. W., member of pro-canal
committee of Binghamton, 385.
Beauchamp, William, "History of the
New York Iroquois," quoted, 15, 17.
Beaverwyck. See Fort Nassau.
Becker, Tracy C., member of Constitu-
tional convention, 1894, 392.
Bedell, Louis, of Orange co., canal ad-
vocate, 391.
Belgium, canals, 115, 434, 500.
Bellomont, Richard, Earl of, Robert
Livingston's report to, quoted, 28-
29, 30; report relating to trade, 31.
Bennett, David S., of Buffalo, argu-
ment for enlargement of locks on
canals, 202; bill seeking federal aid
for canal improvement, 203.
Bennett, Leslie J., 292.
Benton, Joel, of Dutchess co., 93.
Benton, Thomas H., of Missouri, 200.
Bidwell & Carrick, shipyard at Black
Rock, 109.
Bingham, Col. C. A., 341.
Binghamton, N. Y., 161, 245, 273;
press opposes barge canal bill, 309;
joint debate on barge canal, 376;
canal meeting, 385, 468; pro-canal
committee, 385; freight rates, 477-
478; population and industries, 478.
Binghamton Leader, quoted, 310; op-
poses barge canal, 373.
Binghamton Republican, quoted, 294.
Binghamton Sunday Star, 273.
Bird Island, proposed western term-
inal of Erie canal, 105; pier con-
structed, 111-112; pier damaged by
flood, 167.
Birmingham canal, 399.
Bisgood, John, engineer, 394.
Bishop, H. P., 384.
Bissell, Amos A., canal advocate, 340-
341.
Bissell, Herbert P., toastmaster at din-
ner of Merchants' Exchange of Buf-
falo, 340-341; leader in barge canal
campaign, 345.
Black, Frank S., governor of N. Y.,
169; message, 1898, quoted, 239-
240; interest in commercial develop-
ment of New York, 240; mentioned,
391; Commerce Commission
pointed by, 473 note.
Black river, 146; improvement, 162-
163; mentioned, 419, 456.
Black river canal, 162-163, 176; bill
for improving, 1887, 212; men-
tioned, 404, 419, 444; improvement
recommended by Superintendent of
Public Works, 409; tonnage in
1893, 463.
Black Rock, trading post, 18, 28; pro-
posed terminus of Erie canal, 105-
111; tonnage at, 109; hearing be-
fore Canal Commissioners, 110;_an-
nexed to Buffalo, 113; canal to Buf-
falo creek authorized, 135; the
"Walk-in-the-Water" built, 427.
Black Rock harbor, act appropriating
money for, III; new harbor being
constructed, 112; frauds in connec-
tion with, 167.
Black Rock ship canal, 344.
Blackmar, Abel E., 170; address at
the Syracuse convention, quoted,
261-262; member of Canal commit-
tee, 263; preparation of barge canal
bill, 282; delegate to Albany con-
ference, 1903, 282; advocates Davis-
Bostwick bill, 290; at conference
to consider enlargement of Cham-
plain canal, 302-303; speaks at ban-
quet of Canal Association, New
York, 372; aids in preparation of
amendment to barge canal bill, 402;
defends constitutionality of barge
canal law, 418.
Blair, Frank P., 200.
Blakesley, G. L., of Albany, 299.
Blanchard, George R., vice-president
the Erie railroad, testimony before
Hepburn committee, quoted, 192,
Bleecker, Barent, member of Western
Inland Lock Navigation Co., 58.
Blockwell, F. O., chief engineer of
General Electric Co., 307.
Bloomfield, N. Y., petition of citizens
for canal, 85.
Board of Advisory Engineers.
New York state, Board of Advisory
Engineers.
Boas, E. L., 348, 351.
Boat Owners' Association, 211.
Bogardus, Ova Hoyt, engineer, 394.
Bogart, John, engineer, 395.
Bohan, Owen, 406.
Bohrer, Peter, of Rochester, 386.
Bond, Edward A., State Engineer and
Surveyor, 107; report, 1901, cited,
238 note; member of Roosevelt
commission, 245; approves bill for
barge canal, 250; at dinner to Gov.
Roosevelt, 251; appoints Board of
Advisory Engineers, 259; plans for
canal improvement, 279, 283; men-
tioned, 289; barge canal report,
cited, 295; answer to Rogers reso-
lution, 300-301; dinner to, given by
Merchants' Exchange of Buffalo,
340-343; speaks at banquet of Canal
Association, New York, 372;
veys under his direction, 395; mem.
ber of Advisory Board of Consult-
ing Engineers, 398.
Bonnar, Dr. John D., of Buffalo,
speaks at Commerce convention,
1899, 247; at Buffalo convention,
1901, 271; article in New York
Times favoring barge canal, quoted,
382-383.
Boonville, N. Y., 162, 409; freight
carried from in 1893, 454.
Boonville feeder, 163.
Bort, Bruce C., of Chateaugay, barge
canal advocate, 385.
Boston, Mass., grain exported in 1892,
461.
Bostwick, Charles F., introduces canal
referendum bill of 1903, 171, 282;
at conference of canal advocates,
303; speeches in support of barge
canal bill, cited, 338; speaks at ban-
quet of Canal Association, New
York, 372.
Bourne, Edward G., "Travels of Jona.
than Carver," cited, 38 note.
Bowman, John, resolution for removal
of De Witt Clinton from office of
canal commissioner, 136.
Brace, James H., engineer, 259.
Brackenridge, William A., member_of
Advisory Board of Consulting En-
gineers, 398-399.
Brackett, Edgar T., votes for barge
canal bill, 336.
Bradley, E. A., 319.
Bradley, John A., 341.
Bradstreet, Capt. John, in_command
at Oswego, 35; Col., at Fort Stan-
wix, 45.
Brainard, Frank, member of Canal
Commission, 241; at dinner to Gov.
Roosevelt, 251; delegate to canal
hearings, 254, 255; delegate to Buf-
falo convention, 272; member of
state committee for canal improve-
ment, 348, 351; on committee to
formulate plans for N. Y. State
Waterways Association, 423; mem-
ber of executive committee of asso-
ciation, 425.
Brandow, Henry, barge canal advo-
cate, 390.
Brendel, Henry W., 292.
Brennan, Thomas A., 406.
Brockport, N. Y., work on canal at,
135.
Brocton, N. Y., joint debate on barge
canal, 376.
Broadhead, Charles C., engineer, con
versation with Gouveneur Morris,
66; engineer for eastern division of
canal, 87, 102, 104.
Broenniman, A. E., engineer, 259.
Brooklyn, N. Y., decrease of business,
370; prosperity advanced by canals,
Brownell, Joseph H., of Broome co.,
374.
Brush, Alexander, 204.
Buffalo, N. Y., petition of citizens for
canal, 85; subscription for canal,
110; Black Rock annexed, 113;
flood, 167; memorial in relation to
reduction of canal tolls, 182; com-
merce, 198; canal meeting, 220; im
proved terminal facilities for canal
needed, 241; report of delegation to
state commerce convention, 248;
delegates to canal hearings, 253;
delegates to Syracuse convention,
260-261; trade affected by differen
tial rates, 261; 3d state commerce
convention, 1901, 271-272; freight
rates to New York, 279; delegates
to Albany conference, 1903, 282;
interest in canal questions, 293;
terminus of ship canal surveyed by
government engineers, 294; press
support barge canal bill, 310; com-
merce of Buffalo, 328-329; reasons
for desiring barge canal, 327-329;
canal meeting, 1903, 346; future of
Buffalo, 363; what benefits Buffalo
benefits the state, 388; Buffalonians
officially identified with canal ad-
ministration, 392; a village at be-
ginning of nineteenth century, 438;
developed by canal, 449; freight
carried from, in 1893, 454; sixth
commercial port in world, 456-457:
population, 481; industries, 484,
509; commerce, canal tonnage,
freight rates, 485-488.
Buffalo Board of Trade, joint meeting
with Produce Exchange of New
York city, 200; represented at canal
convention, 221; annual reports
Buffalo Business Men's Association,
Buffalo Chamber of Commerce, li-
brary, 173; annual reports cited,
391; canal dinner, 1903, 396.
Buffalo creek, route to Pittsburgh
from, 23; controversy on terminus
of Erie canal, 104-113; surveys, 105;
decision in favor of Buffalo creek,
110, 112; canal to Black Rock har
bor authorized, 135; improvement
of, 135; too small for large lake
vessels, 324.
Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, cited,
284, 285.
Buffalo Courier, quoted, 302.
Buffalo Evening News, quoted, 254,
290; supports barge canal bill, 310;
statement concerning Senator Hill,
quoted, 318.
Buffalo Express, quoted, 299, 300; ad-
vocate of canal improvement, 310.
Buffalo harbor, survey of, 105, 107;
money loaned by state for making
harbor, 105; registered tonnage,
1818, 109; act to encourage con-
struction, 111; "History of Buffalo
Harbor," by T. W. Symons and J.
C. Quintus, cited, 113 note;
nage, grain handled, 113-114;
nage, 1866, 202; cost less than ap-
propriation, 376; terminus of barge
canal, 503; probable deepening of
channel, 511.
Buffalo Historical Society, "Publica-
tions," cited, 23, 25; quoted, 64,
65, 66; cited, 74, 105, 109; library,
173; canal meeting, 366, 468.
Buffalo Launch Club, 387.
Buffalo Merchants' Exchange, 211,
255; resolution favoring canal im-
provement, 260; meeting of canal
committee, 292; dinner celebrating
passage of barge canal bill, 340-343-
Buffalo, Syracuse & Albany Railroad
Company, incorporated, 190.
Bull, Fort. See Fort Bull.
Bullard, George, 374
Burger, Sandford F., favors barge
canal, 383, 384.
Burke, Anthony F., 338.
Burleigh, Henry G., of Whitehall, 301.
Burnet, William, governor of N. Y.,
12; quoted, 19; instructions
Capt. Schuyler, quoted, 32.
Burnett, Jean L., amendment to barge
canal bill, 337.
Burns, Charles D., engineer, 394-
Burr, William H., member of Board
of Advisory Engineers, 259; dele-
gate to Albany conference, 1903,
282, 283; speech at hearing on
Davis-Bostwick bill, quoted, 299.
Burrell, D. H., of Little Falls, 374-
Burrows, Elliott T., letter to, from
F. S. Oakes, quoted, 384.
Burton, Walter C., of Greater New
York, 317; votes for barge canal
bill, 336.
Bush, John T., 167.
Busti, Paul, agent of the Holland
Land Company, 90.
Butler, Edward H., at dinner of Buf-
falo Merchants' Exchange, 341; di-
rector of National River and Harbor
Congress, 422.
Cadaracqui lake. See Ontario, Lake.
Cady, Judge J. Rider, chairman of
Canal Committee of Constitutional
convention, 226-227.
Caleb, M. M., resolutions at canal
convention, 1868, 221.
Caledonia, N. Y., citizens petition for
canal, 85.
Callan, Albert S., 406.
Camp, John G., member of Harbor
Association, 106, 109.
Campbell, Capt. Charles, speaks at
Buffalo convention, 1901, 271; lec-
ture on benefits of water transpor-
tation, 391; address at conference
to organize State Waterways Asso-
ciation, quoted, 423-424-
Campbell, Patrick, "Travels in the in-
terior inhabited parts of North
America," cited, 25 note.
Canada, canals, 198, 199 note, 315,
434, 511.
Canada creek, 26, 58.
Canada, trading post, 18.
Canagere, visited by Arent Van Cur-
ler, 17; trading post, 18.
Canajoharie, trading_post. 18.
Canajoharie Falls. See Little Falls.
Canal Advisory Commission, 310.
Canal Association of Greater New
York, opposes Odell referendum
bill, 269; banquet of canal advo
cates, 369.
Canal conventions. See Conventions.
Canal Enlargement Association
Greater New York, 282, 339; cam.
paign for barge canal, 343-344, 387,
391.
Canal Enlargement Association of
Western New York, 387.
Canal Enlargement Committee, cam.
paign 1895, 351.
Canal Improvement Association, 1903,
banquet at Utica, 353-358.
Canal Improvement State Committee,
reply to circular opposing barge
canal, quoted, 348-349.
Canal locks, at Little Falls, 60, 61,
143; between Schenectady and Al-
bany, 129; number in Erie and
Champlain canals, 142; at Lockport,
143; at Cohoes Falls, 143-144; at
Waterloo, 149; size of locks in-
creased, 149; locks in lateral canals
rebuilt, 166; size of locks of barge
canal, 401, 411-412; Ymuiden locks
of North Sea canal, 410.
Canal referendum of 1903. See Barge
canal; Davis-Bostwick bill.
"Canal ring," 155:
Canals, Albert Gallatin's report
canals of the U. S., 67-70; canals
of foreign countries, 69-70, 114-117;
first canal in this country at South
Hadley, Mass., 74; canals of Rus
sia, 114; of Germany, 115-117; traf-
fic in the U. S., 117-118; canals of
Ohio, Pennsylvania and Massachu
setts, 145; of Canada, 198, 199
note; of Italy, Germany, Austria,
France, Canada, 315; speed of large
vessels in canals, 325.
Canals of New York, "Historical re-
view," by H. W. Hill, 1-430; earli
est plan for canal between Schenec-
tady and Fort Stanwix, 39; canals
at Cohoes, Little Falls and Fort
Schuyler proposed by Christopher
Colles, 42; Ireland Lock Naviga
tion companies founded, 56-58; first
canal opened, 59; Albert Gallatin's
estimates of cost of constructing
canals, 68-69; acts to provide funds
119, 123; canal debt, 1823, 120,
tonnage, 1872, 121; constitutional
provision that the state shall never
dispose of canals, 126-127, 155; fur
ther development, political phases,
127-140; extension of canal system
recommended by Gov. Clinton, 137-
138; engineering problems, 140-151;
"Omnibus canal act" authorizing
surveys of various canal routes,
quoted, 146-147; act causing work
on canals to cease, 149; constitu-
tional amendment permitting dis-
posal of lateral canals, 166, 193;
of China, India, Assyria, Egypt,
Rome, 433; of Great Britain,
France, Germany, Belgium, Hol
land, Italy, Sweden, Russia, Aus-
tria-Hungary, Spain, Canada, South
America, the United States, 434;
influence on freight rates in Eng-
land, 500; cost of transportation in
France and Belgium, 500-501; cost
of canals in France, mileage in Ger
many, 510; improvements in Can-
ada, England and Germany, 511.
"Canal frauds and investigations,"
166-176; abolition of tolls, 181-197;
period of greatest prosperity, 187;
lateral canals discontinued, 193-194;
Seymour plan for deepening canals,
205; Elnathan Sweet's plan for ship
canal from Lake Erie to Hudson,
206; federal appropriation bill, 1886,
defeated, 208; conventions, 217-222;
the canals and the constitution, 222-
231; enlargement measures, 231-
239;, Legislative history of barge
canal," 251-265; progress under the
state's new canal policy, 265-283;
legislative strife over canal meas-
ures, 284-339; the barge canal, 251-
430; various routes surveyed, 321-
322; cost of canals, 444-446; re-
ceipts from canals, 446-448; tonnage
in 1893, 454, 462. See also Barge
canal, Erie canal, and names of
other canals.
Canandaigua (Kanandarque), N. Y.,
Augustus Porter's journey to, 26-27.
Canandaigua lake, 22; connection
with Erie canal recommended by
Gov. Clinton, 137.
Canandaigua outlet, 174.
Caneseraga creek, 164.
Cangiano, G. E., editor of La Luce,
354; address at Canal Improvement
Association banquet, quoted, 357.
Canisteo river, 22.
Canowagas, lake, 25.
Canowarode, 17.
Cantor, Jacob A., introduces seven-
million dollar referendum measure
in Senate, 231; address before Mer-
chants' Association, 238.
"Cantor-Hill bill," 231, 238-239.
Cantwell, Thomas W., of Chateaugay,
barge canal advocate, 385; head of
Bureau of Canal Affairs in Comp-
troller's office, 395.
Carlisle, John G., canal advocate, 339.
Carnegie, Andrew, letter concerning
barge canal, quoted, 343.
Carroll, Charles, quoted, 40.
Carroll, William E., 292, 293.
Carrying-places. See Portages.
Carson, John M., chief of Bureau ot
Manufacturers, report for 1908,
quoted, 199 note.
Carter, Jonathan W., member of Con-
stitutional Convention, 1894, 392.
Carthage, N. Y., 162-163.
Carthage & Adirondack railroad, 398.
Carver, Capt. Jonathan, account of
journey to western country, quoted,
37, 38; unreliable, 38 note, 45;
quoted by De Witt Clinton, 77.
Cary, Stephen W., 292.
Case, Niles, of Buffalo, 204.
Casey, William, member of pro-canal
committee of Binghamton, 385.
Casler, Philip W., ex-president of the
State Grange, 353; address at Canal
Improvement Association banquet,
quoted, 356.
Cassadaga, N. Y., joint debate on
barge canal, 376.
Cassedaga_creek, 164.
Castelar, Emilio, "Old Rome and New
Italy," quoted, 420.
Castle Island, Fort Orange built on,
Catskill, N. Y., 147.
Catskill Mts., forest reserve, 407.
Catskill river, 147, 179.
Cattaraugus co.,. 47 Vanti-canal vote,
353, 384; citizens supporting barge
canal measure, 383-384.
Cattaraugus Republican, 384.
Cawanisque river, 22.
Cawaoge, Mohawk castle in 1634, 17.
Cawcroft, Ernest, 359.
Cayonhage (Cayouhage), Indian name
of Salmon creek, Mohawks advise
fort at, 30.
Cayuga, N. Y., trading post, 18.
Cayuga and Seneca canal, authorized,
82; improvement, 148-149; tonnage
in 1869, 150; mentioned, 166, 444;
bill for improving, 212;
over, 404; tonnage in 1893, 462.
Cayuga co., N. Y., votes in favor of
referendum measure, 393.
Cayuga creek, 427.
Cayuga inlet, cost, 149.
Cayuga lake, Seneca river outlet of,
22; location, 27; act for draining
marshes, 129-130; connection with
Erie canal recommended by Gov.
Clinton, 137; survey for canal to
Susquehannah river authorized, 146;
connection with barge canal advo
cated, 402-403; bill prepared, 404;
recommended by Superintendent of
Public Works, 404; mentioned, 411,
419, 456.
Cayuga marshes, 99; quicksands, 102;
act for draining, 129-130; work on,
Chahoes. See Cohoes.
Chambly canal, 428.
Champlain, Samuel de, arrival in 1608,
7; discoverer of Lake Champlain,
443, 475-
Champlain canal, recommended by
Canal Commissioners, 85; G. Lewis
Garin, engineer, 87; report of Canal
Commissioners on, 89-90; bill au-
thorizing building of canal passed,
92-94, 131; progress of work, 100-
101; dimensions, 101; resources
and revenues, 118-127; impetus to
business, 127; preliminary survey,
131; reports of Canal Commission-
ers concerning, 132-135; estimated
cost, 132; opened to navigation,
133; cost, 133; petition for exten-
sion to Fort Miller, 134; extension
to dam above Saratoga Falls author-
ized, 135; length, 142; dimensions,
144; improvements, 156-159; breaks
in berme bank, 157; cost, tonnage,
and tolls, 158; tonnage, 1890, 178;
Seymour plan for deepening canal,
205; bill for improving canal, 1887,
212; canal deepened, 229; proposed
enlargement for gunboats, 235; im-
provement proposed, 1874, 238;
urged by commerce convention, 1899,
247; surveys provided for, 258;
bills for improvement, 1901, 268-
270, 1902, 272-273, 275; plan for
deepening, 281; provision for en-
larging in barge canal bill, 301-303:
locks, 411; mentioned, 444; ton-
nage in 1893, 462; no material im-
provement in thirty years, 473;
route, 503.
Champlain, Lake, formerly named for
Iroquois nation, 7; survey author-
ized for canal to St. Lawrence river,
130; canal recommended by Gov.
Clinton, 137; steamboat navigation,
178-179; tercentenary, 179; barge
canal to Hudson river, 323; visited
by travelers, 427; mentioned, 456;
commerce, 475-
Champlain Transportation Company,
178-179.
Chandler Dunbar Power Company, 399.
Channell, Frank S., of Malone, barge
canal advocate, 385.
Chanoine wicket, 414-415.
Chapin, Gen. Israel, at Canandaigua,
1789, 27.
Chase, S. G., of Albany, 184.
Chastellux, Marquis de, letter to, from
Gen. Washington, 41.
Chateaugay, N. Y., 385.
Chatfield, Andrew G., 167.
Chautauqua co., citizens petition for
canal, 85; to be benefited by barge
canal, 363; representative citizens
who favored barge canal, 383; pro-
ducts in 1900, 481.
Chautauqua lake, tributary to Alle-
gheny river, 23; transportation
through, 28; steamboat service, 179;
mentioned, 456.
Chautauqua outlet, 164.
Chemung canal, constructed, 150; sale
authorized, 193; bill for improving
canal, 212.
Chemung co. fair, joint debate on
barge canal, 376.
Chemung (or Tioga) river, navigable,
22, 23; transportation to Baltimore
by way of, 23-24; outlet for Gene-
see country, 25; survey for canal
to Seneca lake authorized, 146.
Chenango canal, 161-162; locks re-
built, 166; proposed extension, 175-
176; sale authorized, 193.
Chenango Point, 146.
Chenango river, navigable, 22.
Chenango valley, survey for canal
through, authorized, 146.
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