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all men of sense, and in this manner the merit which your might acquire, by gratify ing yourselves to march against the enemy of our native country, is undone.-Valiant Spaniards, be therefore calm, and prepare for honourable combat. Let us all endeavour to perfect the vast plan which has been formed to attack the frontiers of our usurper.The voice of reason has dictated to me these observations, and, as commander in chief, I tell you, that I give you my word, that the French shall not shift the flag, or at least not hoist theirs; any other measure would bring numerous misfortunes over ourselves. Attempt nothing, because you would disconcert my plan; I have already taken my measures, and within twenty-four hours you shall witness the favourable consequences, which we all desire.

Address of General MORLA, at Cadiz, May

30, 1808.

BELOVED SPANIARDS.-The Deputy of the people, whom I empowered personally to treat with General Rosilly on the present circumstances, having discharged his trust, I now proceed to acquaint you with the result.-This gentleman has given me a very minute account of the conferences which he had with the said general; the most important point of which is, that, supposing no formal rupture to have as yet taken place, the same treatment ought to be continued towards person's belonging to the French nation, as they have hitherto experienced, unNapoleon shall have given his decision on the prayer addressed to him, to restore to as our august sovereign, Ferdinand VII.; the nation universally demands him; ready to shed the last drop of blood in defence of this cause, and declaring that in order to obtain the restoration of our said sovereign, leave should be given to his ships, which are lying in this bay to depart. We have nothing to fear from this squadron; on the contrary, by the change of position made by our fleet, it is surrounded in such a manner, that it must be ours, if the reasonable proposal which has been made, should be rejected. Under these circumstances, my dear countrymen, I only charge you to ob serve strict subordination to the chief, whom you shall elect: because I shall this instant resign my place, if you do not judge me fit to command you; but if you renew the election, and leave me in the post which I occupy, I alone have to command; no person is to prescribe conditions to me, and no person shall demand of me hazardous actions, which would merely tend to the dismemberment of the nation, and in some measures to frustrate the vast plan, which I

have already announced to you.—But should you still entertain the least appreliensions on account of the small number of French ships, which so much engage your attention, recollect, that we have already with one voice proclaimed our firm determination not to obey any other sovereign than Ferdinand VII. and that no advantage or opposition can ever induce us to violate that obligation. And should on the other hand indiguation against the crews of the said ships urge you on to vindictive proceedings, bear in mind that you would thereby unavoidably occasion the loss of 25,000 of your countrymen, who are in the north, and above all expose the life of our sovereign Ferdinand VII. who is in a worse situation than the said few ships, and whose life is so valuable to us, that we are determined to fight for him.Do not, therefore, harbour any mistaken notion, and rest satisfied, that if you act as Spaniards, I shall never separate my destiny from that of Spain-" To die or conquer, is my motto: let no other resound in your breast.

Account of the first Battle between the Spanish Patriots and the French, published by the Supreme Board of Government at Seville-June 8, 1808.

For the satisfaction of the public, that all may know the real extent of the kind of misfortune which has befallen our troops, and that it entirely arises from this circumstance, that the troops, composed of inhabitants, did not fight so bravely as they ought to have done, since, had they acquit ted themselves properly, the French army would have been completely destroyed, and that the people may thereby be excited to wipe off this trifling blot from their scutcheon by their ardor and steadiness in the field. This supreme board of government, orders the publication of the two following letters, one of which is from an officer commanding the van, confidently expecting and enjoining every one for the safety of the country, to display, in such actions as may be fought. for the future the discipline, vigour, and steadiness, which have ever been characteristic of true Spaniards, and which are so necessary under the existing critical circumstanc when they become an imperious duty. MOST SERENE SIR, The Rev. Anthony Cebreros, a clergyman, who had at Cordova the management of the tele graph which had just been destroyed, presents himself before the board at three in the morning, and relates that at two in the afternoon the French began to batter and force the New-gate of the said town,

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and that the action commenced about four in the morning-All the officers agreeing, that if the armed inhabitants had kept their ground though ever so short a time, no trace would have been left of the French; the troops of the line have distinguished themselves, and more especially their provincial grenadiers and their commandant D. Juan Maria de Morales. The staff, with a considerable part of the army under Echvarri, remained at three in Mango Negro with a great quantity of ammunition and ordnance, one piece of cannon excepted, which is said to be left behind in consequence of the carriage having been broken; which account, signed by the said clergyman, is thus laid before your highness for the corresponding purposes. May God, &c. (Signed)

ANTHONY CEBREROS, and D. JOSEPH MARIA ROMORA.

MOST SERENE SIR,-In conformity to the instructions which I received the moment I was leaving Cordova, which major Alveaz brought me from your highness, and collecting all the troops which i found dispersed in my way, I came back to this town at half past 11 at night, to wait for your further orders. The action which had been doubtful for two hours, was decided in fayour of the enemy, by the precipitate flight of the armed inhabitants, whom I found it impossible to keep in their ranks. The pass of the bridge of Alcolea was gloriously defended, both by our artillery and the brave Lasala, who had under his orders 100 volunteers of Campo Mayor and Provincial Grenadiers. I can assure your highness, the pass cost the enemy upwards of 200 killed or wounded, and that they lost nearly as many in the reacounter with our cavalry. For our part, I will send positive intelligence to your highness as soon as I receive the returns from the respective commandants of corps. In the mean while, from those in my hands, and from what I have seen, I am convinced that the number of both will not amount to thirty. (Signed) PETER AUSTIN DE ECHEVERRA. To his Most Serene Highness Francis de Savedra, and the Supreme Board of Seville.

Letters from Gen. Spencer, Lord Collingwood, Capt. Creyke, and Capt. Digby, relative to the affairs in Spain and Portugal, written to the Secretary of State, and to the Lords of the Admiralty, from -the coast of Spain and Portugai.

FROM GEN. SPENCER, 17 JUNE, 1808.

My lord,I avail myself of the opportunity afforded by the passing of the Nautilus from lord Collingwood to sir Charles Colton to congratulate your lordship on the

surrender of the French squadron, of five line of battle ships, and one frigate, in the harbour of Cadiz, to the Spanish arms, cn the 14th instant; on which day the Spanish colours were flying in all the French ships. The particulars of this important and inte resting event will, no doubt, be fully communicated to your lordship by lord Collingwood. It is also very satisfactory for me to inform your lordship, that the movement I have made to this quarter, at the request of general Morla, has been attended with the happiest effects. The French troops are retiring in every direction towards Lisbon, except some very insignifi cant parties left to occupy the different small forts and posts on this side of Portugal. The Portuguese people are rising in all parts, encouraged greatly by our presence here; and the Spanish frontier on the Guadiana is thus effectually secured from any attack of the French.

FROM GEN. SPENCER, 21. JUNE, 1808.

My lord,--The French fleet having sur-↑ rendered on the 14th, and the Spanish com missioners having since embarked for England, I beg leave shortly to recapitulate the different events which have led to these desirable objects and to state to your lordship the present situation of Spain and Portugal, i as far as I have obtained correct information.

The general feelings of the Spaniards had been for some time excited to the utmost degree of indignation at the conduct of the French. The information of the forced renunciation of the crown of Spain by Charles the Fourth, Ferdinand, and all the royal family in favour of Bonaparte, appeared to be the signal of universal opposition to the views of France The council of Seville, one of the principal provincial jurisdictions in Spain have laid hold of some statutes in their constitution, which authorises their rejecting the orders of the supreme council of Madrid, when that capital shall be in the power of foreign troops. They have therefore assumed an independent authority in the name of Ferdinand VII, whom they have proclaimed king; and after some previous steps, they have formally declared war against France, and have appealed to the Spanish nation to support them; and their supremacy has been acknowledged by the councils of several other provinces. In Andalusia they collected from fifteen to twenty thousand regular troops, and have put arms in the hands of upwards of sixty thousand peasants. General Castaneos is appointed commander in chief; and I understand they propose, out of the first levies, to augment the establishment of the old regiments to

Provincial

double their present numbers. assemblies are also forming in most of the large towns, and different depots fixed upon for raising volunteers. They have a proportion of near 4000 cavalry, and a large quantity of artillery, as Seville is a foundery, and one of the largest depots in Spain,

All accounts agree, that in every part of Spain the insurrections have commenced almost at the same period; many small detachments of the enemy, and many officers have been cut off. Gen Dupont was on his march to Seville, and had already passed the Morena Mountains, when the insurrec tion took place. He has pushed on to Cordova, and, by the intercepted dispatches, we learn, he is strengthening himself there, and proposes to wait for reinforcements. In the mean time, the Morena passes in his rear have been occupied by 5000 Spaniards; the road is broken up; and I trust all communication has been cut off. -General D'Alril had received orders to join him at Seville with 4000 men who were to assemble at Alcorentia, but our arrival off Ayamonte, and the arming of all Spain, and the alarms in Portugal, having prevented this movement, I trust that general Junot will not now be able to detach any troops from Portugal, though we understand a French corps have been collected at Elvas, but I do not think it can exceed 4000 men, though the reports of its strength are very various. -At Faro the Portuguese have already risen, having taken or destroyed a detachment of about 200 men, have seized the arms and ammunition of the province, which the French had collected in a depot, and also about 40,000 dollars in gold, which the French general had amassed.

LORD COLLINGWOOD, 14TH JUNE, 1808. Sir,-In my letter of the 12th instant, by the Alphea, I informed you that application had been made for a ship to carry to England commissioners appointed by the supreme council of Seville, to treat with his majesty's ministers on such matters as are important to the interest of both coutries. The admiral who commands in the port of Cadiz being one of the deputed, they did not choose he should depart until the surrender of the French ships, which took place this morning.-The Spaniards having constructed an additional battery of thirty heavy guns, and numerous gun and bomb vessels having taken their stations, the French ships struck their colours at seven o'clock this morning, and soon after the Spanish were hoisted on board them. The French ships, I understand are not at all injured, as the Spaniards wanted them

for their own use; nor has there been much loss of men on either side. The governor some days since (and before I came here) requested of Major General Spencer to proceed to Avamante, to oppose a detachment of the French army, which was said to be marching from Portugal by the coast; and yesterday the transports proceeded, under the protection of the Zealous, to that quarter, where the Windsor Castle had conducted a detachment the day before. June 15.-The governor of Cádiz has notified to me, that the commissioners will be ready to embark in two days. As the Revenge has been stationed near the town, where sir Jolin Gore has had much intercourse with the governor and chiefs in command during the late operations, and witnessed the temper and disposition of the people, I have ordered that ship to receive them, that he may give to his majesty's ministers the information they may desire of what has come within his observation as to the present state of this part of Spain.Applica tion has been made to me this evening by the supreme council of Seville and the governor of Cadiz, to give a passport to a Spanish frigate and four dispatch vessels, to carry to the several governments and presidencies in the West Indies, information of the events which have happened in Spain, and their instructions to the governors and also that a sloop of war may take out officers, to that country, whose presence there is important; this they urge in preference to their going in a Spanish vessel, as it will convey a proof of their connexion with Great Britain.

CAPT. CREYKE, 20TH JUNE, 1808. Sir;-Since the account I had the honour of delivering to you on the 10th June, Oporto has undergone two revolutions, and has been successively in the hands of the French and the subjects of the Prince Regent. After the Spaniards had delivered the forts into the custody of the Portuguese, and the national colours were every where hoisted, the French were again able to establish their authority, in consequence of the weak and undetermined measures of the governor, Louis d'Oliveira, who is now confined as a traitor, and maintained it till the 16th, the day of Corpus Christi, a great national festival, when it had been usual for the Portuguese regiments to attend with colours flying. The governor, d'Oliveira, in consequence of orders from Junot, attempted to establish the French flag instead of the Portuguese at the procession. This violent atrack on the national custom drew forth the murmurs of the populace to so great a degree, that an attempt to compromise on the part of the go

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and that the action commenced about four in the morning-All the officers agreeing, that if the armed inhabitants had kept their ground though ever so short a time, no trace would have been left of the French; the troops of the line have distinguished themselves, and more especially their provincial grenadiers and their commandant D. Juan Maria de Morales. The staff, with a considerable part of the army under Echvarri, remained at three in Mango Negro with a great quantity of ammunition and ordnance, one piece of cannon excepted, which is said to be left behind in consequence of the carriage having been broken; which account, signed by the said clergyman, is thus laid before your highness for the corresponding purposes. May God, &c. (Signed)

ANTHONY CEBREROS, and D. JOSEPH MARIA ROMORA.

MOST SERENE SIR,-In conformity to the instructions which I received the moment I was leaving Cordova, which major Alveaz brought me from your highness, and collecting all the troops which I found dispersed in my way, I came back to this town at half past 11 at night, to wait for your further orders. The action which had been doubtful for two hours, was decided in fayour of the enemy, by the precipitate flight of the armed inhabitants, whom I found it impossible to keep in their ranks. The pass of the bridge of Alcolea was glorieusly defended, both by our artillery and the brave Lasala, who had under his orders 100 volunteers of Campo Mayor and Provincial Grenadiers. I can assure your highness, the pass cost the enemy upwards of 200 killed or wounded, and that they lost nearly as many in the rea counter with our cavalry. For our part, I will send positive intelligence to your highness as soon as I receive the returns from the respective commandants of corps. In the mean while, from those in my hands, and from what I have seen, I am convinced that the number of both will not amount to thirty. -(Signed) PETER AUSTIN DE ECHEVERRA. To his Most Serene Highness Francis de Savedra, and the Supreme Board of Seville.

Letters from Gen. Spencer, Lord Collingwood, Capt. Creyke, and Capt. Digby, relative to the affairs in Spain and Portugal, written to the Secretary of State, and to the Lords of the Admiralty, from the coast of Spain and Portugal.

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FROM GEN. SPENCER, 17 JUNE, 1808.

My lord,I avail myself of the opportunity afforded by the passing of the Nautilas from lord Collingwood to sir Charles Cotton to congratulate your lordship on the

surrender of the French squadron, of five line of battle ships, and one frigate, in the harbour of Cadiz, to the Spanish arms, on the 14th instant; on which day the Spanish colours were flying in all the French ships. The particulars of this important and inte. resting event will, no doubt, be fully communicated to your lordship by lord Collingwood.It is also very satisfactory for me to inform your lordship, that the movement I have made to this quarter, at the request of general Morla, has been attended with the happiest effects. French troops are retiring in every direction towards Lisbon, except some very insignificant parties left to occupy the different small forts and posts on this side of Portugal. The Portuguese people are rising in all parts, encouraged greatly by our presence here; and the Spanish frontier on the Guadiana is thus effectually secured from any attack of the French.

The

FROM GEN. SPENCER, 21. JUNE, 1808. My lord,--The French fleet having sur rendered on the 14th, and the Spanish com missioners having since embarked for England, I beg leave shortly to recapitulate the different events which have led to these desirable objects and to state to your lordship the present situation of Spain and Portugal, as far as I have obtained correct information.

-The general feelings of the Spaniards had been for some time excited to the utmost degree of indignation at the conduct of the French. The information of the forced renunciation of the crown of Spain by Charles the Fourth, Ferdinand, and all the royal family in favour of Bonaparte, appeared to be the signal of universal opposition to the views of France The council of Seville, one of the principal provincial jurisdictions in Spain. have laid hold of some statutes in their constitution, which authorises their rejecting the orders of the supreme council of Madrid, when that capital shall be in the power of foreign troops. They have therefore assumed an independent authority in the name of Ferdinand VII, whom they have proclaimed king; and after some previous steps, they have formally declared war against France, and have appealed to the Spanish nation to support them; and their supremacy has been acknowledged by the councils of several other provinces. In Andalusia they collected from fifteen to twenty thousand regular troops, and have put arms in the hands of upwards of sixty thousand peasants. General Castaneos is appointed commander in chief; and I understand they propose, out of the first levies, to augment the establishment of the old regiments to

Provincial

double their present numbers. assemblies are also forming in most of the large towns, and different depots fixed upon for raising volunteers.They have a proportion of near 4000 cavalry, and a large quantity of artillery, as Seville is a foundery, and one of the largest depots in Spain,

-All accounts agree, that in every part of Spain the insurrections have commenced almost at the same period; many small detachments of the enemy, and many officers have been cut off. Gen Dupont was on his march to Seville, and had already passed the Morena Mountains, when the insurrec. tion took place. He has pushed on to Cordova, and, by the intercepted dispatches, we learn, he is strengthening himself there, and proposes to wait for reinforcements. In the mean time, the Morena passes in his rear have been occupied by 5000 Spaniards; the road is broken up; and I trust all communication has been cut off. - General D'Alril had received orders to join him at Seville with 4000 men who were to assemble at Alcorentia, but our arrival off Ayamonte, and the arming of all Spain, and the alarms in Portugal, having prevented this movement, I trust that general Junot will not now be able to detach any troops from Portugal, though we understand a French corps have been collected at Elvas, but I do not think it can exceed

4000 men, though the reports of its strength are very various.- -At Faro the Portuguese have already risen, having taken or destroyed a detachment of about 200 men, have seized the arms and ammunition of the province, which the French had collected in a depot, and also about 40,000 dollars in gold, which the French general had amassed.

LORD COLLINGWOOD, 14TH JUNE, 1808. Sir,-In my letter of the 12th instant, by the Alphea, I informed you that application had been made for a ship to carry to England commissioners appointed by the supreme council of Seville, to treat with his majesty's ministers on such matters as are important to the interest of both coutries. The admiral who commands in the port of Cadiz being one of the deputed, they did not choose he should depart until the surrender of the French ships, which took place this morning.The Spaniards having constructed an additional battery of thirty heavy guns, and numerous gun and bomb vessels having taken their stations, the French ships struck their colours at seven o'clock this morning, and soon after the Spanish were hoisted on board them. The French ships, I understand are not at all injured, as the Spaniards wanted them

for their own use; nor has there been much loss of men on either side. The governor some days since (and before I came here) requested of Major General Spencer to proceed to Avamante, to oppose a detachment of the French army, which was said to be marching from Portugal by the coast; and yesterday the transports proceeded, under the protection of the Zealous, to that quarter, where the Windsor Castle had conducted a detachment the day before. June 15.-The governor of Cadiz has notified to me, that the commissioners will be ready to embark in two days. As the Revenge has been stationed near the town, where sir John Gore has had much intercourse with the governor and chiefs in command during the late operations, and witnessed the temper and disposition of the people, I have ordered that ship to receive then, that he may give to his majesty's ministers the information they may desire of what has come within his observation as to the present state of this part of Spain. -Application has been made to me this evening by the supreme council of Seville and the governor of Cadiz, to give a passport to a Spanish frigate and four dispatch vessels, to carry to the several governments and presidencies in the West Indies, information of the events which have happened in Spain, and their instructions to the governors and also that a sloop of war may take out officers, to that country, whose presence there is important; this they urge in preference to their going in a Spanish vessel, as it will convey a proof of their connexion with Great Britain.

CAPT. CREYKE, 20TH JUNE, 1808. Sir;-Since the account I had the honour of delivering to you on the 10th June, Oporto has undergone two revolutions, and has been successively in the hands of the French and the subjects of the Prince Regent. After the Spaniards had delivered the forts into the custody of the Portuguese, and the national colours were every where hoisted, the French were again able to establish their authority, in consequence of the weak and undetermined measures of the governor, Louis d'Oliveira, who is now confined as a traitor, and maintained it till the 16th, the day of Corpus Christi, a great national festival, when it had been usual for the Portuguese regiments to attend with colours flying. The governor, d'Oliveira, in consequence of orders from Junot, attempted to establish the French flag instead of the Portuguese at the procession. This violent attack on the national custom drew forth the murmurs of the populace to so great a degree, that an attempt to compromise on the part of the go

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